Ning'an City, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province

Ning'an City, the ancient city of Ning'an pagoda, belongs to Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province. The city has jurisdiction over 8 towns, 2 townships and 2 ethnic townships, with a total area of 7924 square kilometers and a total population of 440000.

Ning'an is located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, in the center of Suifenhe and Hunchun, two national open ports, 190 km apart. Heda highway and Mudu railway run through the whole area, 19 km away from Mudanjiang civil aviation airport. It is an important area for business exchanges, material distribution and information transmission in Northeast Asia economic and technological exchanges.

Ningan is the hometown of Sushen people, the ancestor of Manchu and the ancestor of Qing Dynasty. It has the national key cultural relic protection unit -- longquanfu site in Shangjing of Bohai State in Tang Dynasty. It is the most well preserved medieval capital site in the world. It has the largest mountain barrier lake, World Geopark and National 5A scenic spot -- Jingpo Lake.

Ning'an city has won dozens of provincial and national awards, including the first batch of famous historical and cultural cities in Heilongjiang Province, the first cultural County in China, the national leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration county, the national advanced grain production county (city), the national green food production raw material base county (city), and the hometown of volcanic rock rice in China.

In October 2018, Ning'an city was selected as one of the top 100 counties with investment potential in China.

Historical evolution

Ningan, formerly known as ningguta. Fang Gongqian, a exile in the early Qing Dynasty, wrote a brief account of the jueyu: "it is said that there were six people sitting in Fu in those years. They called Liu Ninggong and Zuo Weite, so they called him Ninggong te. One mistake was Ninggong Tai, and then Ninggu pagoda." According to the newly compiled annals of Ning'an County, "Ninggu is Manchu, and its Chinese translation is Liuge or Liuge." Ta "is an erroneous sound of Manchu's" special "and its Chinese translation is Juzhi. The combined translation of liujuzhi refers to the six tribes on the ground of Ninggu pagoda at that time."

Ningguta is one of the ancestral places of Manchu. In Han and Jin Dynasties, it was located in North Woju. It belonged to Wuji in the northern and Southern Dynasties, and was called "Kuai" in the early Sui Dynasty. In 698 ad (the first year of the Shengli reign of the Tang Dynasty), dazorong, the leader of sumo, established the Zhenguo, still known as "the old state", according to dongmushan (now in Dunhua City, Jilin Province). In 713 (the first year of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty canonized dazorong as the general of zuoxiaowei and the prince of Bohai Sea (then he went to the number of Kaiwei). He set up huhanzhou under his jurisdiction and granted him the real post of governor, also known as "governor of Bohai Sea".

In 755 (the 14th year of Tang Tianbao), daqinmao, the third king of Bohai, moved his capital from the "old country" to Longquan prefecture (huhancheng, now Bohai town) in Shangjing, which lasted 171 years. Liao belongs to Dongjing Road, metal Huli Road, Yuan belongs to Kaiyuan Road of Liaoyang Province, Ming belongs to nurgan Dusi asuhewei.

In the early Qing Dynasty, in June 1653 (May of the tenth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty), Ninggu pagoda was set up as Zhangjing. In 1662 (the first year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), angbang Zhangjing of ningguta was changed into "local general guarding ningguta". In 1666 (the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), a new town (now Ning'an town) was built five miles southwest of Jueluo city on the side of Mudanjiang River. After the completion of the new city, the general yamen moved from the old city to ningguta new city, which was one of the seven important towns in the Qing Dynasty. In 1676 (the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), the general yamen of ningguta moved to Wula City, Jilin Province, and left the association to lead sabusu to guard the place of ningguta. In 1678 (the 17th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), sabusu was promoted to be deputy Dutong of ningguta, and the Yamen of deputy Dutong was officially set up in ningguta. In January 1727 (December of the fourth year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty), Taining County was set up in ningguta. It was subordinate to fengtianfu, which was responsible for the civil affairs of the Han people. It was in the same city with the vice capital, which was responsible for the flag affairs of the Manchu people. Because it was far away from fengtianfu, it was inconvenient to take possession of it. In May 1729 (April of the seventh year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty), Taining County was abolished.

On January 11, 1903 (December 13, the 28th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), Suifen hall was set up at Sanchakou (now Sanchakou Town, Dongning county) in the area under the jurisdiction of the vice capital of ningguta. In March of the same year (February 29, the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), the Commission of the government and the examination office was set up. On June 2, 1909 (April 15, the first year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty), Suifen hall was upgraded to Suifen mansion and moved to ningguta city. It belongs to Southeast road of Jilin Province. At the same time, the deputy governor of ningguta was abolished. In May 1910 (April of the second year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty), the government moved to ningguta city and changed it into Ningan Prefecture.

After the founding of the Republic of China, in March 1913, Ningan Prefecture was changed to Ningan county. In June 1914, it belonged to Yanji Road, Jilin Province. In February 1929, the system of Dao was abolished and changed to Jilin Province. At that time, the total population of the county was more than 170000, which was a first-class county. After the fall of Northeast China, it was under the jurisdiction of Jilin Province, Binjiang Province in December 1934, and Mudanjiang Province in July 1937.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, Ning'an county was under the jurisdiction of Suining Province in April 1946. In August of the same year, Xin'an Town, Hailin, Hengdaohezi and other areas in the north of the county were designated as Xinhai county (Hailin Street). In October of the same year, Suining province was abolished and transferred to Mudanjiang district. In May 1947, Shihuan Town, Jingpo, Shalan and other areas were designated as Jingpo county (county site: Shihuan town). In October of the same year, it was subordinate to Mudanjiang province. In July 1948, Mudanjiang province was abolished and put under the jurisdiction of Songjiang province. In October of the same year, Jingpo county was abolished and merged into Ning'an county.

In August 1954, after the merger of the two provinces, Heilongjiang Province was directly under the central government. In March 1956, Mudanjiang special area was established, which put Ning'an County under the jurisdiction of Mudanjiang special area and the western area of Hailin County under the jurisdiction of Ning'an county. From January 1960 to September 1962, Ning'an county was put under the leadership of Mudanjiang city. In October 1962, the former Hailin county was merged into the administrative areas of Ning'an county and Linkou County, and the former Hailin county was restored. On September 3, 1983, with the approval of the State Council, the Mudanjiang area was abolished and the prefecture and city were merged. Ning'an county was once again under the leadership of Mudanjiang city. In 1993, the county was removed and the city was established.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1985, Ning'an had jurisdiction over six towns, namely Ning'an, Bohai, Tokyo City, Shiyan, Langlang and Shalan; 13 townships, including Fanjia (abolished), Jiangdong (abolished), Jiangnan, Ningxi (abolished), langang, Ping'an (abolished), Wolong, Chengdong (abolished), Mahe, Xingshan (abolished), Xinghua (abolished), Sanling and Jingbo; 332 village committees and 8 street side offices There are 48 neighborhood committees.

In May 1993, with the approval of the State Council, Ning'an county was abolished and Ning'an city (county level) was established.

In January 2001, according to the instructions of the State Council and the Heilongjiang provincial government, the township (town) was merged, the former Ning'an town and fan's hometown were merged into Ning'an town; the former Jiangnan Manchu, Korean and Jiangdong towns were merged into Jiangnan Manchu and Korean towns; Langlang town and Ningxi town were merged into Langlang town; Tokyo town and Chengdong Korean and Manchu towns were merged into Tokyo town Shiyan town and heping'an Township were merged into Shiyan town; Sanling Township and Xinghua Township were merged into Sanling township; Bohai town and Xingshan Township were merged into Bohai town; langang Town, Wolong Korean Township, Mahe Township and Jingpo Township were retained.

In 2014, Ning'an city has jurisdiction over 7 towns including Ning'an Town, Dongjingcheng Town, Bohai Town, Shiyan Town, Langlang Town, Shalan town and langang Town, 5 townships including Jiangnan Township, Mahe Township, Sanling Township, Wolong Township and Jingpo Township, 240 administrative villages, 1 urban street office, 2 Town Street offices and 11 community neighborhood committees.

Zoning details

Ningan City governs 12 township level administrative regions, including 8 towns, 2 townships and 2 ethnic townships, including Ning'an Town, Dongjingcheng Town, Bohai Town, Shiyan Town, Shalan Town, Langlang Town, Langgang Town, Jingpo Town, Mahe Township, Sanling Township, Jiangnan Korean Manchu Township and Wolong Korean township. There are Dongjingcheng forestry Bureau and Mudanjiang agricultural reclamation branch under Mudanjiang forestry administration Ning'an farm. Ningan Municipal People's government is located at No. 36 Wentian street, Ningan town.

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geographical environment

Location context

Ningan city is located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province. Its geographical coordinates are 128 ° 7'54 "～ 130 ° 0'44" E and 44 ° 27'40 ″～ 48 ° 31'24 "n. Ningan city covers an area of 7924 square kilometers, adjacent to Muling City in the East, Hailin City in the west, Wangqing County and Dunhua City in Jilin Province in the south, and Mudanjiang City in the north.

landforms

Ningan county belongs to low mountains and hills, zhangguangcailing in the West and North, Laoyeling in the East and south. The overall terrain is high in the southwest, low in the northeast, high around, low in the middle. The altitude is 241-1559.4m. Due to the neotectonic movement, folding, sedimentation, uplift, depression, river erosion and sedimentation, three kinds of terrain were formed from southwest to Northeast: mountain, hill and plain along the river.

climate

Ningan county has a good climate, which is called "xiaojiangnan" in Heilongjiang Province. The average annual temperature is 3.5 ℃. The stable temperature of 0 ℃ occurs from the end of August to the beginning of April. The stable temperature of 10 ℃ occurs before and after May 6. The average temperature of summer is 20-20.5 ℃. The accumulated temperature of ≤ 10 ℃ is 2500 ~ 2670 ℃, and the guarantee rate of 80% is above 2400 ℃. The annual precipitation is generally 400-600 mm, more than 85% of which is concentrated in the growing period of crops. The annual sunshine hours are 2600-2700 hours, and the average sunshine hours in crop growing season (May to mid September) are 1100-1200 hours. Frost free period is 100-135 days, 90% of the guarantee rate is more than 120 days, and 85% of the guarantee rate is more than 125 days

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Mu Dan Jiang Shi Ning An Shi