Tuoli County, Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

The word "Tuoli" in Tuoli county comes from Mongolian and means "Jingquan". Because there is a prosperous spring in the city, the spring is clear and sweet, and the distant view is like a mirror, so it is named.

Tuoli county is located in Tacheng area in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, fault mountain area in the northwest margin of Junggar basin, southern margin of tae'e basin, and geographical center of Eurasian continent. It is adjacent to Karamay City and hebukessel Mongolia Autonomous County in the East, Yumin County in the west, Wusu city, Jinghe county and Bole City in the south, Karamay City and hebukessel Mongolia Autonomous County in the East, the Republic of Kazakhstan in the southwest and Emin County in the north. It is located between 82 ° 28 ′～ 85 ° 20 ′ E and 44 ° 58 ′～ 46 ° 24 ′ n, with a border of about 58 km long . The county is 221.6 kilometers long from east to west and 159.3 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 21300 square kilometers. Tuoli town is 512 kilometers away from Urumqi, the capital of the autonomous region.

Tuoli county is high in the middle and low in the edge. There are darbute River, wurshelet River, chalgai River, SuUR River and other rivers. It has a temperate continental semi-arid climate, cool in summer and windy and snowy in winter.

In 2011, the total population of Tuoli county was 97772. Tuoli County governs 3 towns and 4 townships, namely, Tuoli Town, Tiechanggou Town, Miaoergou town and other 3 towns and 4 townships. In 2011, the total output value of Tuoli County reached 3.057 billion yuan.

In October 2017, Tuoli County passed the national special evaluation and inspection, and was officially approved by the people's Government of Xinjiang Autonomous Region to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county.

Historical evolution

In early history, Tuoli county was located in the western regions since ancient times. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the county was a nomadic land of Xiongnu, Saizhong, Wusun and many other nationalities. in the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to the capital of the western regions. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dou Xian, the general of the Han Dynasty, defeated the Xiongnu, and the Xianbei people took control of it. during the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, it belonged to the Rouran regime and the Turkic Khanate. The Sui Dynasty belonged to the Western Turkic Khanate. In the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), the Tang Dynasty set up yaochi Dudu mansion, which was under the jurisdiction of Anxi Duhu mansion. in the first year of Yanqing (1124), Yelu Dashi became emperor in Yemi, Jianyuan Yanqing, and Tuoli was under the jurisdiction of the Western Liao Dynasty. in the 21st year of Mongolian Taizu (1227), Tuoli belonged to the fiefdom of kuotai, the third son of Genghis Khan. In 1607, Tuoli was a nomadic land of turhute tribe. In 1762, Tuoli was under the jurisdiction of Yili general's office. In 1918, Tori was under the jurisdiction of Emin county. In 1945, it was under the jurisdiction of Emin County, Tacheng Commissioner's office of the "three districts" revolutionary government. On April 30, 1949, keleban county was established from Emin County, which belongs to Tacheng special office of "three districts" revolutionary government.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

In July 1950, Kelei Banxian was renamed Kelei Central District, which was subordinate to Tacheng district. In October 1952, the Central District of Keri was abolished and Toray county was established. Tori County Committee of the Communist Party of China and tori County People's government were established. In September 1954, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture was established, and Tuoli county is subordinate to Tacheng special district of Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture. On April 1, 1956, the people's Government of Tuoli county was renamed the county people's Committee. On March 26, 1970, the Revolutionary Committee of Tuoli county was established. In July 1981, the Revolutionary Committee of Tuoli county was abolished and the people's Government of Tuoli county was restored.

administrative division

Division evolution

On April 30, 1949, Tacheng special office separated eight, nine and ten districts of Emin county from Emin county and established keleiban County, which is under the jurisdiction of three districts. In July 1950, Kelei Banxian was renamed Kelei central district. In October 1952, Tuoli county was established, with 5 districts and 30 townships under its jurisdiction. In 1956, it began to build pasture. In September 1958, districts and townships were removed, 5 people's communes were established in 5 districts, and 28 production brigades were established in 30 townships. In March 1960, the five-star people's commune was transferred to Yumin county. in 1984, the society was withdrawn and the township was built. In 1990, Tuoli County governed 4 townships, 3 towns, 4 pastures, 1 farm and 2 forest farms. The township and town have 40 administrative villages, 7 residents' committees and 1 villagers' committee. in January 2001, the market was withdrawn and the township was merged. In May 2007, the people's Government of Tuoli county made a decision to cancel the organizational system of galbas farm, transferring the three villages within the jurisdiction of the former galbas farm to dorat township for management, and the dorat township government moved to the office of the former galbas Farm Management Committee.

Zoning details

As of 2011, Tuoli county has jurisdiction over 3 towns and 4 townships, namely, Tuoli Town, Tiechanggou Town, Miaoergou Town, kufu Township, dorat Township, wuxuete Township and akebielidou township; it has jurisdiction over 66 administrative villages and 10 communities (residents committee).

geographical environment

Location context

Tuoli county is located in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the west of Junggar basin, the southeast of Tae basin, and the geographical center of Eurasian continent. It extends to Karamay City in the East, Yumin County in the west, Wusu city, Jinghe county and Bole City in the south, Karamay City and hebukseier Mongolia Autonomous County in the East, the Republic of Kazakhstan in the southwest and Emin County in the north. Tuoli county is located in 44 ° 58 ′～ 46 ° 24 ′ N and 82 ° 28 ′～ 85 ° 20 ′ e, with a border line of about 58 km. The county is 221.6 kilometers long from east to west and 159.3 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 21300 square kilometers. Tuoli town is 512 kilometers away from Urumqi, the capital of the autonomous region, 703 kilometers away from Yining, the capital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, and 123 kilometers away from the Tata city. topography

Tuoli county is wide from east to west and narrow from north to south. It belongs to the fold belt on the western margin of Junggar platform and is composed of three flat topped mountains, namely baluke, Mayle and Jiaer. It is mountainous, accounting for 77.68% of the total area of Tuoli county. The terrain is high in the South and low in the north, with an average altitude of 1500 meters. According to the topographic features, it can be divided into three types: mountain, inclined plain and valley. The mountainous area can be divided into subalpine zone, mid low mountain zone and hilly area. It can only be used as winter pasture or spring and autumn pasture. The inclined plain can be divided into South and north parts.

geology

There are various outcrops in Tuoli county. Paleozoic strata are widely distributed, mainly belonging to Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian and carbonaceous systems. The Mesozoic strata are mainly distributed in Tiechanggou and Baiyang Valley, belonging to Jurassic and Cretaceous respectively. Jurassic belongs to continental lacustrine deposits with coal seams, Cretaceous belongs to fluvial lacustrine strata, mostly distributed in jiayier mountain and Mayle mountain. The Cenozoic strata are mainly distributed in the Tuoli Valley, the east of Tiechanggou and akebelidou area, belonging to the tertiary and Quaternary. The tertiary belongs to fluvial and lacustrine strata. The origin of quaternary system is complex and belongs to accompanying strata. Because it is composed of river, lake and marsh deposits and aeolian deposits, the thickness of soil layer varies. The soil layer is thick in the north and thin from Tuoli Valley to Baiyanghe area in the East.

climate

Tuoli county is located in the geographical heart of Eurasian continent, which belongs to temperate continental semi-arid climate. It is cold and long in winter, warming fast but unstable in spring, short and cool in summer, and cooling fast in autumn. The annual average temperature is 6.1 ℃, the hottest month of the year is July, the monthly average temperature is 20.9 ℃, the coldest month is December, the average temperature is - 9.7 ℃, and the frost free period is 155 days. The annual precipitation is 246.9 mm, which is mainly concentrated in summer. The annual average sunshine duration is 2803.5 hours. The famous old tuyere in Xinjiang is located on the main road of Urumqi Tacheng highway, 26 kilometers south of Tuoli county. In winter, easterly and westerly winds prevail.

natural resources

water resource

There are no glaciers and snow all year round in Tuoli. The general characteristics of water resources are that there are many water sources, small runoff, wide dispersion and strong seasonality. The surface water resources are mainly snow melting and atmospheric precipitation in mountainous and hilly areas, and groundwater is mainly supplied in dry season in winter and summer. There are 46 gullies and streams in Tuoli County, with short flow, small water volume and fast leakage. Spring water is mostly in the overflow zone at the lower part of the alluvial plain, with independent runoff and directly introduced into the irrigation area. The average total runoff in normal years is 55.782 million cubic meters. The total amount of water resources in Tuoli county is 354 million cubic meters, the available amount is 224 million cubic meters, and the utilized amount is 83 million cubic meters, of which the total amount of surface water resources is 193 million cubic meters, the actual energy utilization amount of the county is 134 million cubic meters, and the utilized amount is 45 million cubic meters; the total amount of underground water resources is 161 million cubic meters, and the exploitable reserves are about 89 million cubic meters The utilization amount is 38 million cubic meters.

land resource

In 2011, the total land area of Tuoli county was 21300 square kilometers, equivalent to 2.13 million hectares. Among them, the cultivated land area is 26700 hectares, the forest land area is 221100 hectares, the pasture land area is 1836000 hectares, and the available grassland area has reached 1133300 hectares.

Biological resources

In addition to excellent livestock such as sheep, cattle, horses and camels, there are more than 200 kinds of wild animals in Tuoli county. There are 31 species of mammals, 39 species of birds, 20 species of fish, 6 species of amphibians and reptiles, and more than 150 species of insects. The animals under the first and second level national protection include snow leopard, North goat, sable, swan, snow chicken, red deer, yellow goat, brown bear, etc. up to 2011, there are more than 1400 species of wild plants, including about 1300 species of vegetation and 150 species of woody plants. Economic plant medicine

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