Luonan County, Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province

Luonan County, located in the southeast of Shaanxi Province, belongs to Shangluo city. It is located in the south of Huashan Mountain, with Huayang pool in Zhou Dynasty and Huayang County in Qin Dynasty. 108 km from Xi'an. It is adjacent to Lushi and Lingbao in Henan Province in the East, Danfeng and Shangzhou in the south, Huazhou and Lantian in the west, Huayin and Tongguan in the north. It is known as the "southeast gateway" of Shaanxi Province. It is the only Yellow River Basin County in Shangluo City and the "top ten gold medal walnut county" in China. The forest coverage is more than 90%. Luonan is the hometown of Chinese character culture, where the character Saint Cangjie created characters, so Luonan is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization.

On August 4, 2018, the Fifth Plenary Session of the fourth Shangluo municipal Party committee discussed and deliberated the "opinions on revoking Luonan County and establishing Huayang district". This work is being reported to the State Council for approval in accordance with the procedures, which means that Luonan County will be renamed Huayang District instead of the county in the future.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. In March 2019, it will be listed in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics. On February 27, 2020, the people's Government of Shaanxi Province approved that Luonan County officially withdrew from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

Historical evolution

Luonan belonged to Liangzhou in Tang and Yu dynasties (about 26th century BC to early 21st century BC) and Xia and Shang Dynasties (about 21st century BC to 11th century BC). According to Fan Zhi: "between Tang and Yu, the contract was granted in Shang Dynasty. Shun's sons were all nine. They were also granted the title of "ten merchants". At that time, Luo divided the land for the merchants. "

In the Western Zhou Dynasty (about the 11th century B.C. - 771 B.C.), Luonan was originally Liangzhou. Later, Liangzhou was combined with Yongzhou and Yuzhou. It belonged to Huayang and was called Shangluo. At that time, King Wu of Zhou "rode in the sun of Huashan" and "the sun of Huashan" referred to Luonan.

In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-256 BC), Luonan belonged to Huayang, Yuzhou, Jin in the spring and Autumn period, and Qin in the Warring States period.

In the Qin Dynasty, Luonan belonged to the southern territory of NEISHI, known as the capital.

In the fourth year of Yuanding (113 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, Shangluo county was set up, and its administrative office was located in Shangzhou. It has jurisdiction over Luonan County and Shangzhou City, belonging to Hongnong county. In the 15th year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (39), it belonged to jingzhaoyin, and in the Three Kingdoms, it belonged to weihongnong county. From the fourth year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (113 BC) to the second year of taipingzhenjun in the Northern Wei Dynasty (441 BC), Luonan belonged to Shangluo.

In 266, the second year of Taishi in the Western Jin Dynasty, Shangluo county was set up in the south of jingzhaoyin and led by Shangluo county. In 267, another JuYang county was set up in the north of Shangluo County, which was soon abolished. At that time, JuYang county was under the jurisdiction of Shangluo county. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, in the second year of Taiping Zhenjun (441) of the Northern Wei Dynasty, JuYang county was set up in wuguchuan (Modern and ancient Chengchuan) 40 Li East of the county, which was subordinate to Shangluo County of Luozhou. In the first year of xuanzheng (578) of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, JuYang county was established and led by it, which still belonged to Luozhou. In the Later Zhou Dynasty, Luozhou was changed into Shangzhou, and JuYang county was also Shangzhou.

In the third year of kaihuang reign of Sui Dynasty (583), prefectures and counties were set up instead of prefectures. Prefectures and counties were divided into two levels. When JuYang county was abolished, it was changed into Luonan County under the jurisdiction of Shangzhou. In the 11th year of Daye (615), the county government was moved from wuguchuan to the present site.

In the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the local administrative organs began to set up the Dao system, under which there were prefectures, prefectures and counties. Luonan was under the jurisdiction of guanneidao at that time, belonging to Shangzhou.

In the Five Dynasties and ten states (907-960), the system of Dao was abolished and the system of Prefecture ruling county was implemented. At that time, Luonan County belonged to Huazhou and Shangzhou in the Later Zhou Dynasty.

The Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) imitated the Taoist system of the Tang Dynasty, and soon changed to the road. In the beginning, there were 15 roads in the territory. Later, there were separate roads and combined roads. The system of separate roads and combined roads was different, and the system of separate roads and combined roads was still along the state and county system. At that time, Luonan County was under the jurisdiction of Shangzhou. In the 12th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1142), Qin Hui gave half of the merchants to the Jin people. According to the general annals of Shaanxi, "half of the Shang Dynasty is Luonan County."

During the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), the road system of the Song Dynasty was still used, divided into 19 roads. Luonan County still belongs to Shangzhou, first to jingzhaofu Road, and then to Henan road. In the reign of Emperor Xuanzong Zhenyou of Jin Dynasty (1213-1216), he was once subordinate to Shanzhou, and in the second year of Xingding (1218), he was subordinate to Shangzhou again. In the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the road system was still used. Luonan County belonged to Anxi road first, and then changed to Fengyuan Road, and still belonged to Shangzhou. Luonan was under the jurisdiction of the provincial government of Shaanxi Province at that time.

In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), Shangzhou was reduced to a county. In 1374, Luonan County was changed into Xi'an Prefecture. After the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), he was transferred to Zhongshu Province as the Minister of politics. After Xuande (1426-1435), the prefectures, prefectures and counties of the whole country were divided into two capitals and thirteen administrative departments, and Luonan County was also under the administrative department of Shaanxi Province. In the 13th year of Chenghua (1477), Shangxian was promoted to be a prefecture, and Luonan was subordinate to Shangzhou. In the first year of Taichang (1620), in order to avoid Guangzong (Zhu Changluo), the original "Luo" was changed to "Luo", and Luonan was changed to "Luonan".

In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), Luonan was still under the Ming system and belonged to Shangzhou, Xi'an Prefecture. Yongzheng second year (1724) belongs to Shangzhou Zhili Prefecture, under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi tongshangdao.

During the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), the provincial system was adopted at the beginning, and there were roads under the province. Luonan County belonged to Guanzhong road. In 1927, the Taoist system was abolished and it was under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province. In 1935, Luonan was one of the counties under the jurisdiction of the fourth administrative Commissioner's office.

In May 1949, Luonan County was liberated, under the leadership of Shangluo Commissioner's office of Southern Shaanxi. In October, it was under the leadership of Shangluo administrative supervision commissioner's office of Southern Shaanxi. In April 1955, he was the leader of Shaanxi Shangluo Commissioner's office. In September 1964, the word "Luo" was changed to "Luo" with the approval of the State Council because the word "Luo" was so rare that it was renamed "Luonan". In September 1968, it was under the leadership of the Shangluo Revolutionary Committee and in June 1978, it was under the leadership of the Shangluo administrative office.

administrative division

Luonan County has 16 towns (offices), 1 Industrial Park Management Committee and 244 Village (neighborhood) committees. There are 16 towns (offices): Chengguan sub district office, Sihao sub district office, Luoyuan Town, Baoan Town, Yongfeng Town, Jingcun Town, baiyusi Town, Gucheng Town, Sanyao Town, Gaoyao Town, Lingkou Town, Maping Town, Shimen Town, Shipo Town, Sier town and xunzun town.

geographical environment

position

Luonan County is located in the southeast of Shaanxi Province, the southern foot of the eastern Qinling Mountains and the upper reaches of the Luohe River. It is between 33 ° 52 ′ 00 "～ 34 ° 25 ′ 58" n and 109 ° 44 ′ 10 ″～ 110 ° 40 ′ 06 "E. It is adjacent to Huayin county and Tongguan County in the north, Shangzhou city and Danfeng County in the south, Lingbao county and Lushi County in Henan Province in the East, and Huaxian County, Lantian County and Shangzhou city in the West. In the East, there is a provincial boundary nearly a hundred li long, extending to the border of Qin and Henan. The distance between the county and its neighboring counties is: 72 km from Shangzhou city via putaoling in the west, 45 km from Shangzhou city via Huhe zhenzigou in the southwest, 71 km from Danfeng County via Yangdong in the south, 72 km from Tongguan County via heizhang in the north, 135 km from Lushi County in Henan Province via Jianganling in the southeast, 155 km from Xi'an City in the west, 1200 km from Beijing in the Northeast via Henan Road and 1100 km from Beijing via Shanxi road Km.

landforms

Luonan is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. In the north of Qinling Mountain, the mountain slope is steep in the north and gentle in the south, which belongs to the mountainous area lifted by fault block in structure. Mangling extends to the South and Southeast, forming the boundary between Shangzhou city and Danfeng County, and the watershed between Luohe River and Danjiang River system. The highest point of Caoling is 2646 meters above sea level, the lowest point of lancaohekou is 670 meters above sea level, and the maximum relative elevation difference is 1976 meters. Luoshui flows from the central part of the county to the East, and its tributaries and small tributaries are distributed in finger shape. The North flows from north to south, and the South flows from south to north.

climate

Luonan County belongs to the monsoon humid climate in the southern margin of warm temperate zone. Due to the continuous mountains and wide fluctuation, it has obvious mountain climate characteristics. The influence of monsoon is obvious. In winter, the climate is cold, with few rain and snow, which is the dry season of the year. In spring, the temperature rises rapidly, and the precipitation increases gradually. If there is strong wind and soil evaporation intensifies, it is easy to form spring drought. When the cold wave invades, freezing damage often occurs. Summer is the season with the highest temperature in the year, and also the season with the largest precipitation. The rainfall is concentrated, with thunderstorms and rainstorms, sometimes accompanied by rain Hail, sometimes partial summer drought and summer drought; the temperature drops rapidly in autumn, there is continuous rain in the early stage, often forming waterlogging, less in the late stage, the weather is clear and crisp in autumn. The general climate features are: four distinct seasons, mild climate, sufficient rainfall, no intense heat in summer and no severe cold in winter.

natural resources

mineral resources

With a total area of 4.238 million mu, including 676000 mu of cultivated land, it has a unique development space, known as "Shaanxi xiaoguanzhong". The reserves of nonferrous metals are rich, and the mineral resources are in the forefront of the province and the country. There are 38 kinds of proven mineral resources, such as molybdenum, gold, silver, iron, coal, potassium feldspar, silica, dolomite, granite, marble, clay, etc. Potash feldspar reserves exceed 100 million tons, ranking first in Asia. Molybdenum reserves are more than 300000 tons, ranking second in the province. Gold output is the third in the province. It is the home of "king of Chinese walnut", the hometown of Chinese walnut, the "top ten gold medal walnut county" in China, and the first walnut production in China. Bean products have a high reputation. There are many kinds of wild Chinese medicinal materials. The output of Forsythia suspensa, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Platycodon grandiflorum, cortex Fraxini and Acorus calamus ranks first in China.

Water resources

The surface water resources of Luonan County are mainly rivers

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