Yanshan County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Yanshan County Yanshan County is located in Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Yanshan County is named for its beautiful mountains and its shape is like an inkstone. The county is located in the southeast of Yunnan Province, where there are more than ten ethnic groups, such as Han, Zhuang, Yi, Miao, Hui, Yao and so on. The county has a total area of 3888 square kilometers and a total population of 473000 (in 2011). The mountainous area accounts for 56%, the hilly area 29% and the basin area 15%. In 2013, the Gross Regional Product (GDP) of Yanshan County was 9014.06 million yuan, ranking 27th in Yunnan Province, 38 ahead of the 65th in 2012.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On April 30, 2019, the people's Government of Yunnan Province decided to withdraw Yanshan County from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties. On December 6, 2019, it was selected as the pilot unit of promoting the quality improvement of farmers' cooperatives in the whole county.

Historical evolution

Yanshan has a long history. As early as in ancient times, there were human beings living and reproducing in this land.

In the Western Han Dynasty, the eastern part of the county belonged to juamung, Tanfeng, Jinsang and wanwen counties, while the western part belonged to Wuyao County, Yizhou county. The Shu Han Dynasty was the main one, and the governor's office was the main one.

Sui belongs to kunzhou, the head of Nanning.

During the Nanzhao period of the Tang Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Tonghai dudufu.

In Song Dali period, it belonged to Weimo department, Jiaohe department, Guangnan West Road and Hami wanhufu.

Ming Dynasty belonged to Lin'an Prefecture, Amin Prefecture, Guangnan Prefecture and Guangxi Prefecture, Weimo Prefecture.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Wenshan County of Kaihua Prefecture, Qiubei County of Zhili County of Guangxi, Baoning County of Guangnan Prefecture, and Amin Prefecture of Lin'an Prefecture. Qing Daoguang three years (1823), set Jiangna County Cheng.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Jiangna county was set up and subordinate to Wenshan County. In 1932, Jiangna county and xiaoweimo County of Guangnan County merged and established Yanshan Administrative Bureau. Yanshan County was established on July 1, 1935.

On November 30, 1949, the whole territory was liberated. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it belongs to Wenshan District of Yunnan Province. After April 1, 1958, it belonged to Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. In October 1958, the county system was abolished, belonging to Wenshan County; on August 31, 1961, the county system was restored.

administrative division

By 2014, Yanshan County has jurisdiction over 4 towns and 7 townships (including 4 ethnic townships): Jiangna Town, Pingyuan Town, Jiayi Town, Ameng Town, Ashe Yi Township, Weimo Yi Township, Panlong Yi Township, baga Township, Zhela Township, Benge Township and Ganhe Yi township.

geographical environment

position

Yanshan County is located in the southeast of Yunnan Province and the Midwest of Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It lies between 23 ° 19 ′ - 23 ° 59 ′ N and 103 ° 35 ′ - 104 ° 45 ′ E. It is connected with Guangnan County in the East, Xichou County and Wenshan city in the south, Qiubei County in the north and Kaiyuan city and Mengzi County in Honghe Hani Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the West. The county seat is located in Jiangna, 311 kilometers from the east of the county to luocunkou, 35 kilometers from the south to Wenshan, 160 kilometers from the west to Kaiyuan, 326 kilometers from the north to Kunming, the provincial capital. The county has a maximum horizontal distance of 107 km from east to west and a maximum vertical distance of 70 km from north to south, with a total land area of 3826.57 square kilometers.

terrain

Yanshan County is located in the middle of Karst Plateau in Southeast Yunnan, with high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast. The landform types are mountains, hills and basins. There are 35 dams with an area of more than 3000 mu, of which 275000 Mu is in Pingyuan, one of the eight dams in Yunnan Province. The highest altitude in the territory is 2263 meters at the steep slope of Magai in luduke village committee of Ashe Yi Township, and the lowest altitude is 1080 meters at the junction of baga Township river flowing into Xichou County, and the altitude of the county seat is 1540 meters.

landforms

The landform of Yanshan County is complex. It is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. There are mountains, hills and basins, with an area of 2134 square kilometers. There are 35 karst dams over square kilometers, with Pingyuan and jiayibazi as the largest (about 610000 mu). In 2007, Yanshan County was listed as one of the 100 pilot counties of rocky desertification control in China.

climate

Yanshan is a low latitude north subtropical plateau monsoon climate, with extreme maximum temperature of 33.4 ℃ (May 1994), extreme minimum temperature of - 7.8 ℃ (February 1968), annual average temperature of 16.1 ℃, normal annual rainfall of 1008 mm, annual frost free period of 250-320 days, four seasons are not obvious, dry and wet, three-dimensional climate is obvious, with the characteristics of far cold winter, no heat in summer, warm spring and cool autumn, mild four seasons Point.

soil

There are 5 soil types, 11 subclasses, 17 soil genera and 31 soil species in Yanshan County, including red soil, yellow soil, purple soil, limestone soil and paddy soil. The soil fertility is low, the content of organic matter is poor, the soil is slightly acidic, the tillage layer is shallow, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are low and uncoordinated.

Among them, 634000 mu of red soil cultivated land, accounting for 68.7% of the total cultivated area.

rivers

Liuzhao mountains run across the southeast of the county. Yanshan is located in the watershed of the Red River and the Pearl River, and the river network density is small. Yanshan County belongs to Xijiang River system of Pearl River Basin, covering an area of 1548.85 square kilometers, accounting for 41.4%; and Lujiang River system of Honghe River Basin, covering an area of 2189.15 square kilometers, accounting for 58.6%. The main rivers are Gongge River, ashanlong River, baga River, Jiayi River, wengda River and Guima River, with a total length of 213.9 kilometers, a drainage area of 2769.67 square kilometers and irrigated farmland of 551270 mu. Artificial lakes and natural lakes are scattered all over the world.

natural resources

land resource

There are many Bazi in Yanshan County, including 35 Bazi with an area of more than 3000 mu, among which Pingyuan Bazi has 275000 mu, which is one of the eight Bazi in Yunnan Province. The total cultivated land area of Yanshan County is 484000 mu, including 169000 mu of farmland, 325000 mu of land, and 1.1 mu per capita.

plant resources

Yanshan County is rich in biological resources due to its complex and changeable topography and three-dimensional climate of north subtropical zone, middle subtropical zone and south temperate zone. Among the 389 cultivated plants, except Panax notoginseng, which has initially developed more than 40 products in more than 10 series of medicine and health care and more than 10 varieties in 6 series of pepper, more than 100 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines need to be further developed and comprehensively utilized. It is the original producing area of Panax notoginseng, which was named "the hometown of Panax notoginseng in China" in 1995.

Yanshan County is rich in forest resources. The main tree species are Pinus yunnanensis, Keteleeria glyptostroboides, Pinus kesiya, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, camphor, Acacia nigra, Populus tomentosa, as well as Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Ginkgo biloba, which are classified as class I and class II protected tree species by the state.

mineral resources

Yanshan County is rich in mineral resources, including manganese, coal, potash, iron, zinc, aluminum, silver, mercury, antimony, magnesium, peat, barite, graphite, dolomite, carbon stone, clay, calcite, agate, crystal, Iceland spar, zeolite, bentonite, etc. Up to 2014, there are 29 kinds of proven minerals and 15 kinds of mined minerals in Yanshan County. The static value of mineral resources in Yanshan County is more than 50 billion yuan, of which the reserves of manganese ore is more than 30 million tons. Dounan Manganese Mine is one of the eight largest manganese mines in China. Panlong zeolite mine is the largest in 8 provinces in Southwest China, with reserves of over 100 million tons. Yanshan County can develop 43.09 million tons of coal.

Animal resources

Animal resources mainly include Rattus flavipectus, fox, wild boar, crispy snake, pheasant, pheasant, thrush, partridge, etc. rare animals include deer, Swertia, pangolin, otter, golden pheasant, cobra, etc.

Population nationality

In 2000, the total population of Yanshan County was 437508, including 66527 in Jiangna Town, 79703 in Pingyuan Town, 39460 in Jiayi Town, 23583 in Ameng Town, 23723 in Ashe Yi Township, 49713 in Weimo Yi Township, 29815 in Panlong Yi Township, 31917 in baga Township, 28716 in Zhela Township, 13422 in Benge Township, 29406 in Aji Township and 21523 in Ganhe Yi township.

At the end of 2011, the total population of Yanshan County was 473000, of which 306000 were ethnic minorities, accounting for 64.8% of the total population.

By 2014, the ethnic minorities in Yanshan County mainly include Yi, Bai, Dai, Zhuang, Miao, Hui, Lisu, Lahu, WA, Naxi, Yao, Tibetan, Jingpo, Bulang, Buyi, Achang, Hani, Xibo, Pumi, Mongolian, Nu, Jinuo, De'ang, Shui, man, Dulong, etc.

Economics

comprehensive

In 2009, the Gross Regional Product (GDP) of Yanshan County was 4350.08 million yuan, an increase of 13.5% over the previous year (the same below) according to the comparable prices in 2005, of which the added value of the primary industry was 93.15 million yuan, an increase of 6.0%; the added value of the secondary industry was 1835.78 million yuan, an increase of 18.9% (of which the industrial added value was 1418.97 million yuan, an increase of 19.6%); the added value of the tertiary industry was 1584.15 million yuan, an increase of 11.9%. 1、 The proportion of secondary and tertiary industries was 21.38:42.20:36.42. According to the permanent resident population, the per capita GDP was 9498 yuan, an increase of 13.8% (current price) over the previous year. In 2009, the added value of non-public economy was 2347.59 million yuan, accounting for 54.0% of GDP.

primary industry

In 2009, the sown area of grain in Yanshan County was 878000 mu, an increase of 5.8%; the sown area of economic crops was 501000 mu, an increase of 16.6%. The output of grain and main economic crops increased in varying degrees. The current price of agriculture will be realized in the whole year

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Wen Shan Zhuang Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Yan Shan Xian