Guinan County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Guinan County, belonging to Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, is located in the southeast of Qinghai Province, with a total area of 6593 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 6 townships (towns) and 75 administrative villages, with a total population of 70000 (2004).

Guinan county is adjacent to Zeku County in the East, Tongde County in the south, Xinghai County and Gonghe County in the west, and guide County in the north. In May 2019, Guinan county will withdraw from the sequence of poor counties. In December, it became a pilot unit for the construction of the national rural governance system.

Evolution of organizational system

At the end of the third century, the Qiang people in Guinan belonged to the kingdom of Tuyuhun. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was a pasture for Qiang people such as shaodang. During the period of Sixteen States in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Guinan was called Shazhou. In the Southern Dynasties, the song, Qi and Liang dynasties officially called Tuyuhun "the kingdom of Henan". In 609, after the Sui army defeated Tuyuhun, Guinan was under the jurisdiction of Chishui county.

In the Tang Dynasty, it was an area under the control of Tubo. In the 12th year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (753), it set up Guanhe County in today's guide, and today's Guinan is its jurisdiction. In order to consolidate its position, the Tang Dynasty set up Jin Tian army in longyangxiakou area, Wuning army in today's guomaying area, and Weisheng army in today's Shagou area.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, in the seventh year of dazhongxiangfu (1014), Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of the kusiluo regime. After the fifth year of Chongning (1106) of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty, the land was occupied by Jin. In 1137, Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty ceded Guinan to Xixia for 10 years. In the first year of Baoyou reign of LiZong in the Southern Song Dynasty (1253 A.D., the third year of mengge Khan in Mongolia), the Mongol Empire set up the commander's office of Tubo in Hezhou (today's Linxia in Gansu Province), which is under the jurisdiction of Xining, Jishi and guide. Today's Guinan area is under the jurisdiction of guidezhou.

In the eighth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1375), yuanguidezhou was changed to guide Shouyu qianhusuo, and now Guinan is also under its jurisdiction.

In the early Qing Dynasty, guide was under the jurisdiction of hezhouwei, Gansu Province, and Guinan was under the jurisdiction of guide. In 1792, guide office was changed into guide hall, which is under the jurisdiction of Xining Prefecture.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), lucang administrative region was set up in today's Guinan. In 1939, Nanping Administration Bureau was set up in the area of lucang and Mangla, which was abolished in 1944.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China. On March 21, 1953, the Qinghai provincial Party committee decided to divide guomaying, ri'an and Luchang, the pastoral areas of the Second District of guide, and the three districts of Changmu, to form the Luchang Working Committee. On July 15, it established Guinan county from guide County, which is directly under the people's Government of Qinghai Province. On December 6 of the same year, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Region (changed to Autonomous Prefecture in 1955) was established. Guinan was one of the five counties of Hainan.

At the end of 1999, Guinan County covers an area of 6567 square kilometers, with a population of 63542 (according to Qinghai Provincial Records), and has jurisdiction over six townships.

According to the fifth census in 2000, the total population of Guinan county is 63579, including 7613 in layihai Township, 11776 in Senduo Township, 6778 in Mangla Township, 8232 in Taxiu Township, 11305 in guomaying Township, 7393 in Shagou Township, 4675 in manglaqiongtuo Township and 5807 in Guinan pasture.

On January 9, 2001, Qinghai Provincial People's government issued the reply of qingzhenghan No.6 document: cancel layihai Township in Guinan County, establish and name Mangqu town; cancel guomaying Township, establish guomaying town. After the adjustment, Guinan county has jurisdiction over two towns and four townships: Mangqu Town, guomaying Town, Senduo Township, Mangla Township, Taxiu Township and Shagou township.

By the end of 2001, the county had jurisdiction over two towns, four townships, one neighborhood committee and 73 Village (animal husbandry) committees. Mangqu Town, located in wubaowan, has jurisdiction over a neighborhood committee in Chengguan and 10 village committees in pleisto, Shala, tole, Dayu, katuhu, Hezhou, Feltman, Tawa, shangjiangdang and Naran. Guomaying town has been stationed in mang and has jurisdiction over 11 Village (animal husbandry) committees, including Mang, qiezha, Shajia, mashigan, Luojia, Zhihai, Dala, Duola, chanaihai and rianxiuma. Mangla township is located in quedantang, and has 13 village committees, including Ketu, Tulu, guola, Lagan, magetang, kangwuyang, xiajiangdang, Dulan, quedantang, shangluowa, xialuowa, guoyuhu and Horan. Taxiu township is located in qubuzangka, with jurisdiction over eight village (animal husbandry) committees, namely, Taxiu, gongwa, ziha, Gasi, Dalong, SiGe, damang and zha'ri. Senduo township is located in quguoqiongwa, which has jurisdiction over 16 Village (animal husbandry) committees including Yuanyi, rimang, gongwa, Jiashang, sibun, benlong, Doulong, nimalong, jiadang, Saiyang, Kajia, xihuliyang, luxiuma, Tawa, zashigei and Wanxiu. Shagou township is located in guorenduo, and has 15 village committees, including guorenduo, shinaihai, dongrang, luohexiang, demang, Saishitang, wangshike, Chana, Shiya, GABA, juhula, Dongwuyang, laza, guole and Guantang.

geographical environment

Location context

Guinan county is located in the northeast of Qinghai Province, between the West leaning mountains and the Yellow River. Its geographical coordinates are 100 ° 13 ′～ 101 ° 33 ′ E and 35 ° 09 ′～ 36 ° 08 ′ n, covering a total area of 6649.7 square kilometers. It is subordinate to Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, accounting for 14.45% of the total area of the prefecture. It is adjacent to Zeku County of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the East, Tongde County of the Prefecture in the south, Xinghai County and Gonghe County in the west, and Tongde County in the north Guide county borders.

Climatic characteristics

Guinan county has a plateau continental climate with long winter and short summer. There is no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer, which is suitable for the development of grassland animal husbandry. The annual average temperature is 2.3 ℃, the annual extreme maximum temperature is 31.8 ℃, the annual extreme minimum temperature is - 29.2 ℃, the annual precipitation is 403.8 mm, the annual average sunshine hours is 2907.8 hours, and the annual average evaporation is 1378.5 mm; the temperature is low, the sunshine is long, the radiation is strong, the precipitation is concentrated, and the rainfall is hot in the same season, but the precipitation is insufficient, and the evaporation is large, which belongs to the typical plateau continental climate; drought, rainstorm, high temperature, high temperature, low temperature, high radiation, high precipitation, high evaporation, etc Hail, sandstorm and other meteorological disasters are frequent.

topographic features

Guinan county is located in the transitional zone from the edge of Qilian mountain to Kunlun Mountain, belonging to Gonghe basin, the eastern extension of Qaidam block. The southern part of the territory is a part of the West leaning mountain fold plateau, with continuous high mountains and towering heights. Zhihai peak is the highest peak in the territory, with an altitude of 5011 meters. The central part is a plateau beach, with an open and flat terrain. The mugetan desert covers an area of 1.12 million mu, which is a typical inland desert beach with continuous sand hills and little pasture. The platform and valley formed by the cutting and scouring of the Yellow River and its tributaries, Shagou River and Mangla River, are wide or narrow and relatively flat; the altitude of the Yellow River at Laxiwa in the north is 2222 meters, which is the lowest point in the territory. Most of the area is between 2150 m and 4500 m above sea level. The scattered distribution of mountains, beaches and valleys is the characteristic of the terrain in Guinan.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1985, there were 6 townships, 73 villagers' committees, 1 community residents' committee and black sheep farm in the county. There are Guinan ranch and bacang farm in Qinghai Province.

By the end of 2005, the county had jurisdiction over four townships, two towns, 75 villagers' committees, three community residents' committees and black sheep farm.

Zoning details

By the end of 2013, Guinan county had jurisdiction over 2 towns, 4 townships and 75 administrative villages.

natural resources

Botany

Guinan county mainly has Cordyceps sinensis, snow lotus, Fritillaria, ephedra, Gentiana, Rhododendron, rhubarb, notopterygium, Astragalus and other medicinal plants. There are 51 kinds of crops, more than 10 kinds of fruit trees and 20 kinds of trees.

animal

There are mainly Tibetan sheep, yaks, goats and hexu horses in Guinan area. There are donkey, mule and other farm animals, yellow cattle, black and white cows in agricultural area. There are a small number of camels in wangshike village of Shagou Township, but they are not many. There are nearly 20 kinds of wild animals, including red deer, musk deer, snow leopard, rock sheep, lynx, snow chicken, red pheasant and other rare animals protected by the state; red fox, sand fox, marmot, yellow sheep, stone chicken, plateau partridge and so on in shallow mountain and beach; yellow duck, wild duck, pheasant, hare, rock pigeon and so on in river valley.

water resource

There are 7 rivers in Guinan County, of which Mangla River and Shagou River have the largest flow. The two river basins are important agricultural production bases in Guinan county. Longyangxia Hydropower Station and Laxiwa Hydropower Station are close to Guinan, and Yangqu hydropower station is also in Guinan.

Population nationality

population

In 2004, the total population of Guinan county was 70000, and the population density was 10.27 per square kilometer.

nation

Guinan county is a multi-ethnic area mainly composed of Tibetan, Han, Mongolian, Hui, Tu and salar. In 2005, the Tibetan population was 51111, accounting for 74.58% of the total population. The population of other ethnic groups was 280 Mongolian, 3013 Hui, 839 Tu and 140 other ethnic minorities.

Economics

overview

In 2005, the GNP of Guinan county is expected to reach 326.77 million yuan, maintaining double-digit growth for two consecutive years, and the industrial added value is 2.667 million yuan.

Agriculture

In 2014, the sown area of Guinan County reached 433900 mu, an increase of 35100 Mu over the same period of 2013. Eight improved seed villages were established, 7000 mu of improved seed fields were planted, 3000 mu of full film double ridge potato, 30000 mu of highland barley, 1000 mu of vegetables, 5700 mu of beans were promoted, and the total planting area of wolfberry reached 3700 mu.

Industry

At the end of September 2011, Guinan county achieved a total industrial output value of 37.8987 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24.56%; the industrial added value of 12.1276 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.57%; after the reduction of the total ex factory price index of industrial products, the industrial added value was 11.669 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19%.

Animal Husbandry

two thousand and five

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hai Sheng Hai Nan Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Gui Nan Xian