Guide county, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Guide county Guide county is located in the east of Qinghai Province and the southeast of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, covering an area of 3504 square kilometers. It governs 4 towns, 3 townships, 119 administrative villages and 108800 people. There are 15 ethnic groups, including Han, Tibetan, Hui, Tu and salar, living in harmony, reproducing and making common progress.

Guide county is known as "little Jiangnan on the plateau", "hometown of Lidu" and "back garden" in Xining, the capital of the province. In 2019, the GDP will reach 3.302 billion yuan.

In December 2016, it was listed as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas. On April 21, 2020, the people's Government of Qinghai Province issued an announcement, agreeing Guide county to withdraw from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties. On July 29, 2020, it was selected into the National Health township (county) naming list for 2017-2019 cycle.

Evolution of organizational system

Guide, as early as the Neolithic age, there are ancestors in this hot land of farming, grazing, reproduction.

In the Western Han Dynasty (60 BC), guide was under the jurisdiction of heguan County, Jincheng county (Lanzhou).

In the 11th year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (386), Guanhe county was set up.

In the second year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (619), Guanhe county was changed into kuozhou.

In the first year of Baoyou in the Southern Song Dynasty and the third year of menggehan in Mongolia (1253), after the destruction of the Jin Dynasty, Mongolia set up the Marshal's office of the Tubo xuanweishi capital in Hezhou (now Linxia, Gansu Province), and set up the xuanweisi in guidezhou.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the eighth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1271), guidezhou was officially established as Hezhou road in Shaanxi Province.

In 1370, guidezhou was changed to guidezhou in the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, and in 1375, guidezhou was changed to guide Shouyu qianhusuo in the eighth year of Hongwu.

In the early Qing Dynasty, guide Shouyu Qianhu was attached to Dusi Hezhou Wei in Shaanxi Province. In the fourth year of Yongzheng, he Zhouwei was cut off, so it was attached to Lintao Prefecture. In 1738, guide office was changed from Lintao office to Xining office. In 1761, guide hall was changed to guide hall, and Fufan Tongzhi was set up.

In 1913, guide department was changed to guide County, which was subordinate to Gansu Province.

In 1928, Qinghai Province was established and guide was subordinate to Qinghai Province.

After liberation on September 18, 1949, the CPC Guide county committee and the county people's government were established on the same day.

In December 1953, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Region (later changed to prefecture) was established, and guide county was changed from province to prefecture.

In 2000, guide County governed 1 town and 7 townships. Among them, the towns include Heyin Town, Hedong Township, Hexi Township, Donggou Township, Xinjie Township, Garang Township, luohantang Township and Changmu township.

On January 9, 2001, the people's Government of Qinghai province gave an official reply: cancel Hexi Township and establish Hexi Town. By the end of 2001, guide county had jurisdiction over four towns, two townships, one ethnic township, four neighborhood committees and 113 Village (animal husbandry) committees.

On May 26, 2005, with the approval of the provincial government, luohantang township was abolished and Laxiwa town was established in Guide county (relying on Laxiwa Hydropower Construction). The town government moved to laguokou area of qubuzang village as a whole. The administrative division of the town remained unchanged and the system of town managing village was implemented. On June 29, the township was officially removed to build a town. After the adjustment, guide county has jurisdiction over three towns and five townships (including one ethnic township): Heyin Town, Hexi Town, Laxiwa Town, Hedong Township, Donggou Township, Xinjie Hui Township, Garang Township and Changmu township.

In August 2006, with the approval of Qinghai provincial government, Hainan prefecture adjusted the original 40 townships to 36 townships, among which, Changmu and Donggou townships were abolished in guide County, and Changmu town was merged. The town government was located in zhoutun, where the former Donggou township government was stationed, and implemented the system of town managing village. After the adjustment, guide County governs 4 towns and 3 townships (including 1 ethnic township): Heyin Town, Hexi Town, Laxiwa Town, Changmu Town, Hedong Township, Xinjie Hui Township and Garang township.

administrative division

As of 2013, guide county has jurisdiction over Heyin, Hexi, Laxiwa, Changmu, Hedong, Garang, Xinjie, 4 towns, 3 townships, 119 villages and 4 communities.

geographical environment

Guide county is located in the east of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, with 100 ° 58'8 "- 101 ° 47'50" E and 35 ° 29'45 "- 36 ° 23'35" n, covering a total area of 3504 square kilometers, 63.4 km wide from east to west and 90.6 km long from north to south. It is located between Longyang Gorge and Lijia gorge in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. The county is located in Heyin Town, 114 kilometers away from Xining, the provincial capital, and 158 kilometers away from qiabuqia, the capital of Hainan.

Geology and geomorphology

Guide county is full of ravines, alternating mountains and rivers, showing multi-level river terraces and basin hills. The terrain is high in the north and South and low in the middle, forming a valley basin surrounded by four mountains. The lowest altitude is 2170 meters at songbaxiakou of the Yellow River, the highest is 5011 meters at zhamurigen mountain, and the altitude of the county seat is 2200 meters.

climate

Guide is located in the interior of China. It has a plateau continental climate with long illumination time and strong solar radiation. It is dry and windy in spring, short and cool in summer, wet and rainy in autumn, long and dry in winter, and large diurnal temperature difference. The annual average temperature is 7.2 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature over the years is 34 ℃, and the extreme low temperature is - 23.8 ℃. The annual average precipitation is 251-559 mm, the frost free period is 258 days, the crop growth period is 223 days, and the annual sunshine hours is 2928 hours.

hydrology

There are 12 main rivers flowing into the Yellow River in Guide county. On the North Bank of the Yellow River, there are 8 rivers, such as duolong, Langma, chenna, Duola, qubuzang, Longchun, Garang and songba; on the south bank, there are 4 rivers, such as Nuanquan River, moqugou River (West River), gaohongya River (East River) and Qingshui River, among which Qingshui River is an outbound River and flows to Tongren County. The Yellow River runs from west to East, with a length of 74.7 km. Other rivers, such as Hongan River, moqugou River, Longchun River and Langma River, flow into the Yellow River from the north and south sides.

natural resources

Water resources

The annual runoff of all rivers in Guide county is 355.682 million cubic meters. The territory is rich in hydropower resources, including Nina power station with a total installed capacity of 160000 kWh and Laxiwa power station with a total installed capacity of 4.2 million KW.

Biological resources

Guide county is rich in wild animal and plant resources, and it is a concentrated area of wild animal and plant resources in the surrounding areas of Hainan. There are 106 species in 36 families of wild animals, including 15 species in 7 families of mammals, 87 species in 25 families of birds and 4 species in 4 families of amphibians and reptiles; 283 species in 79 families of plants, including 121 species in 25 families of trees and shrubs and 162 species in 54 families of herbs. The key protected objects are: snow leopard, Tibetan gazelle, swan, vulture, Golden Eagle and other 5 species belong to the national first-class protected animals; red deer, musk deer, rock sheep, stone marten, desert cat, rabbit monkey, lynx, blue eared pheasant, Tibetan eared pheasant, blood pheasant, sparrow hawk, Falcon, kestrel, great gazelle, vulture, long eared owl, eagle owl, kite and other 18 species belong to the second-class protected animals; key protected animals in Qinghai Province There are 9 species of sand fox, wolf and ring necked pheasant, 12 species of Rhodiola, Astragalus membranaceus and Cymbidium goeringii.

Mineral resources

The proven mineral resources in Guide county include 11 kinds of minerals, such as copper, iron, lead, zinc, nickel, sand gold, arsenic, quartzite, fluorite and limestone.

Population nationality

In 2013, guide county had a total population of 108700, including 15 ethnic groups including Han, Tibetan, Hui and Tu. Tibetans account for about 33.5% of the total population, and the sum of other ethnic minorities accounts for about 12%.

economic development

In 2019, the county's GDP will reach 3.302 billion yuan, an increase of 5.1% over the previous year, of which the added value of the primary industry will reach 388 million yuan, an increase of 4.5%; the added value of the secondary industry will reach 1.952 billion yuan, an increase of 6.6%; and the added value of the tertiary industry will reach 962 million yuan, an increase of 1.2%. The ratio of the three industrial structures was adjusted from 11:63:26 to 12:59:29. The annual per capita GDP was 29954 yuan, an increase of 3.67%.

In 2019, the county's public budget revenue will reach 366 million yuan, a decrease of 3% over the previous year. Among them, the local public budget revenue was 218 million yuan, down 8%; the central public budget revenue was 148 million yuan, up 5%. Among the local public budget revenue, the tax revenue was 82 million yuan, down 17%, and the non tax revenue was 136 million yuan, down 2%. The annual public budget expenditure was 2.078 billion yuan, down 4.6%. Among them, the expenditure on social security and employment was 324 million yuan, up 5%; the expenditure on education was 278 million yuan, down 5%; the expenditure on health care was 175 million yuan, down 8%; the expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection was 74 million yuan, down 36%; the expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water affairs was 641 million yuan, down 18%; the expenditure on culture, sports and media was 92 million yuan, up 88%; the expenditure on general public services was 122 million yuan, down 4%.

In 2019, the per capita disposable income of all residents in the county will be 19274 yuan, an increase of 9.5% over the previous year. The per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 32306 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.5%; the per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 11527 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.3%.

primary industry

In 2019, the total sown area of crops in Guide county is 223000 mu, 19800 Mu less than that of the same period last year, 8.15% less than that of the same period last year; the sown area of grain crops is 89200 mu, 17876 Mu less than that of the same period last year, 16.69% less than that of the same period last year; the sown area of oil crops is 35300 mu, 10003 Mu less than that of the same period last year, 22.08% less than that of the same period last year; the sown area of vegetables reaches 40500 mu, an increase over that of the same period last year 3927 mu, a year-on-year increase of 10.73%

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hai Sheng Hai Nan Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Gui De Xian