Miyun District, Beijing Municipality

Miyun District Miyun District, under the jurisdiction of Beijing. It is located in the northeast of Beijing, between 40 ° 13 ′ 7 "～ 40 ° 47 ′ 57" n and 116 ° 39 ′ 33 "～ 117 ° 30 ′ 25" E. It is 69 kilometers long from east to west and 64 kilometers wide from north to south. It is an important gateway from North China to northeast and Inner Mongolia. Therefore, it is known as the key to the capital. It is an important drinking water source base and ecological conservation area in Beijing. With a total area of 2229.45 square kilometers, it is the largest district in Beijing.

In 2019, 440 thousand and 600 people registered residence in Miyun District (503 thousand permanent residents), under 17 towns, 2 streets and 1 rural areas. The main specialties are Miyun sweet chestnut, Hongxiang crisp pear, Yuhuang plum, "Yunxiu" plum, fried chicken breast, etc.

In December 2009, it was rated as "national advanced county of family planning quality service" by the national population and Family Planning Commission. In May 2010, it was awarded "national sunshine sports advanced county" by the Ministry of education. In November 2011, it was rated as "national advanced county (city) of scientific and technological progress" by the Ministry of science and technology of the people's Republic of China. On October 9, 2020, it was named as the fourth batch of practice and innovation bases of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains" by the Ministry of ecological environment.

In 2019, the GDP of Miyun District will reach 34.09 billion yuan, an increase of 6.3% over 2018.

Evolution of organizational system

Miyun District has a long history. 6000 years ago, the Neolithic, pottery and other cultural relics unearthed from the Xueshan cultural site of yanluozhai have been inhabited by human beings. During the Tang and Yu dynasties, Miyun area belonged to Youling. According to the historical records of the five emperors, Shun asked Liu Gonggong to build a "Gonggong city" in the secluded mausoleum. Gonggong City, 4100 years ago, is the earliest ancient city in the history of Beijing.

The Western Zhou Dynasty and the spring and Autumn Period belonged to the state of Yan. During the Warring States period, it was once occupied by Donghu. In 283 BC, Yan defeated Qin Kai and set up five counties. Yuyang county is one of the new five counties. Yuyang county is located in the South half kilometer south of Junzhuang village in Miyun, which is the earliest record of administrative construction in Miyun.

In the 22nd year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (225 BC), Yuyang county and Yuyang county were established as the beginning of the county construction in Miyun area. County site and county site are both located in Nanchengzi, and now the whole territory of Miyun is under its jurisdiction.

During the Western Han Dynasty, Miyun Prefecture belonged to Yuyang County, bangping county and Yuxi county. Wang Mang built a new dynasty, changed Yuyang county to Tonglu County, changed Yuyang county to Deyu County, changed bangping county to pingkuang County, and changed Liuxi county to Dunde county. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yuyang county was renamed Yuyang County, bangping county and Yuxi county. Yuyang County once moved to Lu, and then moved back to the original site.

The Three Kingdoms, the Wei territory, remained unchanged. At the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty, counties and counties were abandoned, and Miyun Prefecture belonged to the state of Yan in Youzhou. After the restoration of Yuyang County, Yuyang County, Miyun area belongs to. During the period of the Sixteen States, Miyun belonged to the later Zhao, the former Yan and the former Qin, and was still the Yuyang county. In 446, Yuyang county was moved to yongnu, and Yuyang county was still in the same period.

In the first year of Yuanxiang in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (538), Anzhou, Miyun County, Anle County, Guangyang county and eight counties (Miyun, yaoyang, Baitan, Anshi, Tuyin, yanle, Fangcheng, Guangxing (Daxing)) were sent to Yuyang County in the northern boundary of Youzhou. Among them, Miyun was set up in 397, the second year of the first emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty. The original site of the county government was in Nanguan village, northeast Dage Town, Fengning County. There are more than 15 kilometers of high mountains in the south of the county, surrounded by clouds all the year round. It is named Miyun mountain, which is now Yunwu Mountain. The name of the county comes from the name of the mountain.

In the Northern Qi Dynasty, Yuyang county was abandoned into Miyun; Guangyang county was abandoned, Daxing County and Fangcheng county were merged into yanle County; Miyun County was abandoned, yaoyang county and Baitan county were merged into Miyun; and Tuyin county was abandoned into Anshi. Miyun Prefecture is under the jurisdiction of Miyun, yanle and Anshi counties in Anle County of Anzhou. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Anzhou was changed into Xuanzhou (Yuanzhou), and the city of Anshi was abandoned into Miyun. Miyun area is Miyun and yanle counties of Anle County in Xuanzhou.

In the third year of kaihuang (583), Anle county was abolished. In the sixth year (586), Xuanzhou (Yuanzhou) was moved to Jixian County. In the 16th year (596), Tanzhou was set up in the old Xuanzhou, which governed Miyun and yanle counties. In the third year of Daye (607), Tanzhou was changed into Anle county. Miyun area is Miyun and yanle counties of Anle county.

In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, the Prefecture was abolished and changed from Anle county to Tanzhou. In the second year of Changshou (693), the state moved to the present county. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Tanzhou was changed into Miyun County. In the first year of Qianyuan Dynasty (758), Miyun County was changed to Tanzhou, and Miyun area was still the Miyun and yanle counties of Tanzhou.

During the Five Dynasties, in 913, yanle county was abolished and Miyun County was established. Miyun is the land of Miyun in Tanzhou. This was the reason in the later Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Tianfu in the later Jin Dynasty (936), the sixteen prefectures of Youyun were cut to Qidan, and Tanzhou was one of the sixteen prefectures. Since then, the Miyun area has become the land of Liao.

In the fifth year of Xuanhe (1123) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Liao returned 24 counties of Zhuo, Yi, Tan, Shun, Jing and Ji to the Song Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, Tanzhou was changed into Hengshan County, and in Tang Dynasty, it was changed into weisai. Miyun area is the Miyun and weisai counties of song Hengshan County. In the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125), Jin took back 6 states and 24 counties, still called Hengshan Tanzhou and weisai Xingtang. After the abolition of the Tang Dynasty into Miyun. In 1126, Emperor Taizong abolished Tanzhou, and Miyun was under the jurisdiction of shunzhou, Zhongdu road. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, Tanzhou was restored, and Miyun entered Tanzhou.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Miyun area was located in Tanzhou, Dadu Road, and then Miyun was restored.

In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), Miyun province entered Tanzhou in November. In December, Miyun was restored, and Tanzhou province entered Miyun, which belongs to Beiping Prefecture. The first year of Yongle (1403) was changed to shuntianfu. In the first year of Zhengde (1506), it was transferred to Changping Prefecture, and it was terminated. Zhengde nine years (1514), the restoration of Changping Prefecture.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Miyun still belonged to Changping Prefecture. Kangxi 27 years (1688), changed to shun Tianfu North Road hall. Yongzheng six years (1728), directly under the shuntianfu.

In 1914, Miyun belonged to Jingzhao. In 1928, Jingzhao was changed to Beiping, and Miyun was changed to Hebei Province.

In May 1933, the Great Wall failed in the Anti Japanese War, and Miyun was classified as a "non armed area", belonging to Jimi district. On November 25, 1935, the Japanese puppet "Jidong anti Communist autonomous committee" was established. On December 25, it was renamed "Jidong anti Communist autonomous government", which belongs to Miyun. In August 1937, the Japanese aggressors occupied Miyun completely, and in December they were attached to Jidong Road, Hebei Province.

In June 1938, the fourth column of the Eighth Route Army marched into the east of Hebei Province and established Chang Luan Mi United county at the junction of Miyun, Luanping and Changping, which belonged to the western region of Miyun; and established Mi Ping Ji United county at the junction of Miyun, Pinggu and Jixian, which belonged to the southeast region of Miyun. On October 2, Lianhe County abolished it.

In April 1940, jipingmi Union County was established, which was under the jurisdiction of Jidong Office of Shanxi Chahar Hebei border region, and Miyun chaohedong area. In November 1940, the Northwest Office of jipingmi Union County was expanded to pingmixing Union County, and the chaohedong area of Miyun was the third district, which was under the jurisdiction of the 13th special office of Jidong. In November 1942, pingmixing United county was renamed pingsanmi United county. The area to the east of Chaohe River in Miyun is still the third district, which is under the jurisdiction of the 13th special office of Eastern Hebei Province.

In June of 1940, Jianfeng Luan Mi Union County was established, which belonged to Miyun Chaohe west area, and was subordinate to Pingbei special office of Shanxi Chahar Hebei border area. In November 1943, fengluanmi United county was assigned to the 14th special office of Jidong. In May 1945, it was transferred back to Pingbei special office.

During the Anti Japanese War, the Japanese Invading Army established the puppet Miyun government, which was subordinate to the puppet Jidong road in Hebei Province. In July 1940, it was changed to be attached to Yanjing road in Hebei Province.

In July 1943, the third district of pingsanmi Union County was expanded into chengxingmi Union County. Miyun chaohedong area belongs to, subordinate to Jidong 14 special office.

In September 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the Japanese puppet army refused to surrender to the Eighth Route Army. The Kuomintang government army took the opportunity to attack Miyun and set up a county government in the former Japanese puppet army controlled area, which was under the jurisdiction of Jidong road in Hebei Province.

In November 1945, Chengxing Mi Union County was abolished. In the chaohedong area of Miyun, we built the Midong office, and the subordinate relationship remained unchanged.

In June 1946, the chaohexi area of fengluanmi was merged with the chaohedong area under the jurisdiction of Midong office, and the system of Miyun was restored, which was subordinate to the 14th special office of Jidong.

In February of 1947, Miyun was divided into two counties: Miyun in chaohedong area, which was under the jurisdiction of Jidong No.14 special office; Yihua County in Hexi area, which was under the jurisdiction of Pingbei special office (later changed to Jicha special office).

On December 5, 1948, Miyun city was liberated. In August 1949, Miyun County and Yihua County merged, still known as Miyun County, under the Tongxian special office of Hebei Province.

In April 1958, Tongxian special office of Hebei Province was cancelled, and Miyun District was changed to Chengde special office of Hebei Province.

In October 1958, Miyun was put under the jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality.

In November 2015, Miyun County was abolished and Miyun District was established.

administrative division

As of May 2020, Miyun District has jurisdiction over two streets, namely Gulou Street and Guoyuan street. There are 17 towns, namely Miyun Town, Shilibao Town, hezhai Town, xiwengzhuang Town, mujiayu Town, Jugezhuang Town, Xitiangezhuang Town, Dachengzi Town, Shicheng Town, Taishitun Town, Beizhuang Town, Gaoling Town, Bulaotun Town, Gubeikou Town, Fengjiayu town and Dongshaoqu town

Chinese PinYin : Bei Jing Shi Shi Xia Qu Mi Yun Qu