Haidong citizens and Hui and Tu Autonomous County in Qinghai Province

Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County is a county under the jurisdiction of Haidong city in Qinghai Province. It is located in the eastern edge of Qinghai Province. It is connected with Yongdeng County and Honggu District of Lanzhou City in the northeast, Yongjing County in Gansu Province in the East, Jishishan County in Gansu Province across the Yellow River in the south, Xunhua County, Hualong county and Ledu District in the west, northwest and North. The county is 96 km long from north to south It is about 32 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 1890.82 square kilometers.

Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 8 towns and 14 townships. Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County is mainly composed of Han nationality, and the main ethnic minorities are Hui, Tu and Tibetan. By the end of 2012, the total population of Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County was 428800. Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County is an important grain, vegetable, melon and fruit producing area in Qinghai Province, enjoying the reputation of "hometown of melon and fruit".

In April 2020, Minhe county will withdraw from the sequence of poor counties. In October 2020, it was awarded the advanced collective of poverty alleviation in 2019.

Evolution of organizational system

In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, it belonged to Yongzhou in Yugong, and was one of the places where qianggong people lived in Northwest China.

Qin Shihuang unified the six countries and set up prefectures and counties. At that time, Minhe belonged to the northwest frontier under the jurisdiction of Longxi County.

In the sixth year of the first Yuan Dynasty (81 BC) of emperor Zhao of the Western Han Dynasty, Yunwu county was set up in xiachuankou, Minhe County, under the jurisdiction of Jincheng county (governing Lanzhou, Gansu).

During the reign of emperor he Yongyuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty (89-104), Longqi city was built in the present Minhe ancient Shanshan.

In the reign of emperor an (107-125), Baitu county was set up in today's Minhe and Zhongchuan, which was subordinate to Jincheng county.

In Yongning (301-302) of the Western Jin Dynasty, Zhang Gui, the governor of Liangzhou, set up Jinxing County in jinminhe (governing the area of Shina in Chuankou town of jinminhe county), governing Jinxing and zuonan counties. Jinxing county is governed by the same county, and zuonan (now Yongjing County of Gansu Province) is in the southeast of Qinghai Province to the north of the Yellow River.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, beijincheng county was established in Minhe Gushan, which was subordinate to Xiping County.

In 553, North Jincheng county was changed to Longzhi county.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Longzhi county was subordinate to Wuhan county (Zhihe prefecture).

In 598, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty changed Xidu County of the Northern Wei Dynasty to Huangshui county. Today, Minhe and some areas in the northwest are under its jurisdiction. Longzhi county still belongs to Wuhan county.

In the early Tang Dynasty, Minhe area still belongs to Longzhi, Huangshui and michuan counties.

In the first year of zongguangde (763), the Tang Dynasty was occupied by Tubo.

In 851, Xuanzong returned to the Tang Dynasty.

In 1015, the eighth year of dazhongxiangfu of Zhenzong in the Northern Song Dynasty, Minhe area fell into the jurisdiction of the kusiluo regime.

Huizong Chongning two years (1303), the Song Dynasty and the recovery of Hehuang area, now the people and successively belong to Huang, Le two states. In Yuan Dynasty, Minhe belonged to Xining Prefecture.

In the sixth year of Hongwu, Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty (1373), a thousand households' office was set up in Minhe Gushan (the seat of modern Gushan township government), which is under the jurisdiction of the whole territory of Minhe and part of Hualong county.

In the 19th year of Hongwu (1386), a post station was set up in Gushan, later called Gushan, which was one of the seven post stations in Xining.

During the Yongle reign of emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty (1403-1424), in the tea horse trade, Minhe was the place for breeding official horses.

During the reign of emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty (1573-1620), the ancient shanqianhu security officer was upgraded to garrison, and the Sanchuan battalion of Banan was set up, with 1040 troops. Today, Minhe is the key area of health control in Xining.

In the third year of Yongzheng reign of emperor Zong of the Qing Dynasty (1725), Nianbo county (today's Ledu) was changed from Nianbo Qianhu to Minhe.

In 1929, Qinghai Province was established and Nianbo county was changed into Ledu District, and Minhe also belonged to it.

In April 1930, Minhe county was set up from Ledu and Xunhua counties, which means "the government is in harmony with the people".

On September 2, 1949, Minhe was liberated. On September 8, Minhe County People's government was established.

On November 6, 1985, with the approval of the State Council, Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County was established.

In April 2020, Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County will withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

administrative division

As of 2012, Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County has 8 towns (Chuankou Town, Bazhou Town, Gushan Town, Maying Town, Manping Town, Guanting Town, lierbu Town, Xiamen town), 14 townships (machangyuan Township, Songshu Township, Xinmin Township, hetaozhuang Township, Beishan Township, Zongbao Township, Longzhi Township, Xigou Township, Dazhuang Township, daodu Township, Qianhe Township, Gangou Township, Zhongchuan Township, Xinger township), and 312 townships in total There are 13 administrative villages and 13 community residents committees.

geographical environment

Location context

Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County is located in the eastern edge of Qinghai Province. Its geographical coordinates are 102 ° 26 ′ - 103 ° 04 ′ E and 35 ° 45 ′ - 36 ° 26 ′ n. The northeast is connected with Yongdeng County of Gansu Province and Honggu District of Lanzhou City, Yongjing County of Gansu Province in the East, Jishishan County of Gansu Province across the Yellow River in the south, Xunhua County, Hualong county and Ledu District of Gansu Province in the west, northwest and North. The county is 96 kilometers long from north to South and 32 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 1890.82 square kilometers.

landforms

Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County is the transition zone from the Loess Plateau to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Daban mountain and Laji mountain of Qilian Mountains constitute the county framework. The terrain is high in the northwest, low in the southeast, and mostly high in the southwest. The highest altitude is 4220 meters, the lowest 1650 meters, and the average altitude is 2100-2500 meters. The territory is crisscross with gullies, overlapping mountains and complex terrain. The geomorphological features can be summarized as "eight major gullies, nine major mountains, two major valleys and three major walls".

climate

Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County belongs to the plateau continental arid climate, with an average annual temperature of 9 ℃, annual precipitation of 292.2mm and frost free period of 198 days.

hydrology

There are 18 tributaries in Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County, with langtangping and tangguling as the watershed, Huangshui River System in the West and Yellow River System in the East. Songshugou, milagou, bashazhou and longzhitan are the major tributaries with a flow of more than 1.0 m3 / s. The smaller tributaries are Lucaogou, feiqinshan, hulahai, Erdaogou, mowanzi and xianshuigou. Most of them are seasonal rivers, and the river is turbid in flood season.

natural resources

water resource

The total amount of water resources in Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County is 258 million m3, including 192 million m3 in Huangshui River Basin, 11 million m3 in Datong River Basin and 64.7 million m3 in Yellow River Basin. Among them, Huangshui River Basin is 2.03 billion m3, Datong River Basin is 2.571 billion m3, and Yellow River Basin is 15.468 billion m3. The main characteristics of water resources are as follows: the distribution of water resources is uneven, the rainfall in the year is mainly concentrated in autumn, the main stream and large tributaries account for 50-65% of the annual runoff from July to October, the annual variation of river runoff is large, the amount of self-produced water resources is lack, the agricultural water demand season from March to June is dry and less rain, and the channels in the territory are generally short of water.

mineral resources

By the end of 2011, Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County had found 17 kinds of mineral resources, 55 mineral areas, and 11 mineral areas with resource reserves. The mineral resources include: quartzite for metallurgy, marble for cement, dolomite for magnesium smelting, gypsum, mineral water, underground water, etc. there are 6 kinds of mineral resources with 6 places of origin. There are 15 metal minerals: 6 gold deposits, 2 placer gold deposits and 4 rock gold (Platinum), of which 1 gold deposit is explored, and the rest are mineralization (mineralization) points. There are 6 non-ferrous polymetallic (copper, lead, nickel, etc.) mineral resources, all of which are examined. There are three iron and manganese mines: two iron ore (chemical) points and one manganese ore point.

Biological resources

The main crops in Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County are wheat, pea, broad bean, corn, potato, rape, flax, highland barley, barley, etc.

There are 106 species of arbors, 49 genera, 39 families, 84 species of shrubs, 46 genera, 27 families and 356 species of grasses in Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County. The main trees are poplar, willow, elm, pine, cypress, locust, birch, fir, etc. The main shrubs are Nitraria, Hippophae rhamnoides, Rhododendron, Tamarix, Lycium barbarum, etc.

The medicinal plants in Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County are: herbaceous (rhubarb, licorice, Fritillaria, astragalus, dangshen, Danshen, bupleurum, angelica, Donghua, Bohe, Yinchen, Jingjie, etc.), woody (Phellodendron amurense, tuffuling, Sangbaipi, Drynaria, Huaihua, etc.), fruity (Lycium barbarum, Rosa laevigata, Arctium lappa, plantain, plum kernel, etc.), fungi (dongchongxia) Grass, puff, Cynomorium, etc.).

The animals in Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County are: insects (bees, northern scorpions, etc.), mammals (roe deer, musk deer, rock sheep, Sumen antelope, fox, rabbit, red deer, etc.), birds (ring necked pheasant, wild duck, blue eared pheasant, carved swan, snow pheasant, stone pheasant, etc.).

Population nationality

By the end of 2012, the total population of the county was 428800, including 320700 agricultural population and 108100 non-agricultural population. The male population is 220700, accounting for 51.48% of the total population; the female population is 208100, accounting for 48.52% of the total population; the minority population is 255700, accounting for 59.63% of the total population. The birth rate is 11.67 ‰, the death rate is 4.31 ‰, and the natural growth rate is 7.36 ‰.

Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County is mainly composed of Han nationality, and the main ethnic minorities are Hui, Tu and Tibetan.

traffic

In Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Gansu Qinghai railway, lanning Expressway and national highway 109 pass through. The asphalt roads of Chuanguan, Chuanyang and Chuanma radiate 8 towns and 15 townships, which are connected with highways.

Economics

overview

In 2012, the GDP of Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County was 5.223 billion yuan, an increase of 19.5% over 2011. The primary industry increased by 814 million yuan, an increase of 5.2%; the secondary industry increased by 2.2%

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hai Sheng Hai Dong Shi Min He Hui Zu Tu Zu Zi Zhi Xian