Yuquan District, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Yuquan District as the birthplace of the capital of Hohhot, Yuquan District has a history of more than 430 years. It is adjacent to Saihan District in the East, TUZUOQI banner in the West and south, and Huimin District in the north. It has jurisdiction over 1 town, 8 sub district offices, 49 communities, 50 administrative villages and 1 autonomous regional industrial park. With a total area of 258 square kilometers and a total population of 383000, of which about 34000 are Mongolian, it is a multi-ethnic community with Mongolian as the main ethnic minority.

In March 2019, it was announced by the Ministry of water resources as the first batch of water-saving society construction standard counties (districts).

Historical evolution

Yuquan District is located in the "want to waste", far away from the capital for thousands of miles, ancient "Bingzhou outside" place, where meat porridge.

During the Warring States period, it belonged to zhaoyunzhong county. Because of it. In the Han Dynasty, it was established in name only, and was under the command of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, it was a territory of Chile nationality. Sui Dynasty belongs to baidaochuan. In the Tang Dynasty, he entered Yunzhong capital (later called Chanyu capital).

In the Song Dynasty, it was the territory of Liao state, belonging to Fengzhou (the former site of Fengzhou city is in the eastern suburb of Hohhot). At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Fengzhou Fumin County, Xijing Road, Jin Dynasty.

The Yuan Dynasty inherited the gold system and still belonged to Fengzhou. In Zhengde and Jiajing years of the Ming Dynasty, Altan Khan led the tumed tribe to live in fengzhoutan, which was known as tumechuan. Yuquan District is located in tumechuan plain.

In the fifth year of Longqing (1571), Altan Khan and the Ming Dynasty reached an agreement on the exchange of tribute, and was granted the title of "King Shunyi" by the Ming court. The next year, he summoned skilled craftsmen to build a city with eight buildings and glazed gold and silver halls in the boundary of today's Yuquan District in the south of Daqingshan, imitating the pattern of the Yuan Dynasty. In the third year of Wanli (1575), the city wall was built and named kuhetun in Mongolian, which means "blue city". In the same year, MINGTING was named "Guihua city". Later, it was destroyed in the war at the end of Ming Dynasty.

At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the palace city was built on the ruins. It was 1.2 kilometers in circumference and 8 meters in height. There were only two gates in the north and south. During the reign of Kangxi, the outer city was expanded in the East, South and West. The outer wall covers the southeast and west of the original city. However, a small section of the northeast and northwest is not covered, and the new city is slightly convex. The East, South, West and three gates are added to the expansion, and each gate is built with an urn. The original South Gate was transformed into a drum tower in the center of the city. This city is still located in the northwest of today's Yuquan District, in the territory of Danan Street sub district office. In the early years of Qianlong, Suiyuan city was built in the northeast of Guihua City, commonly known as Xincheng. Accordingly, Guihua city got the common name of "old city", which has been called up to now.

In the Qing Dynasty, Hohhot had three sets of administrative organs. One is the left and right-wing special banner of Tumet, which was built in Tiancong years before the Qing Dynasty entered the pass (both banners are located in Yuquan District). The first is Guihua city hall, which was set up in 1723, the first year of Yongzheng reign, and belongs to shuoping Prefecture of Shanxi Province; the sixth year of Qianlong reign (1741), Guisui Dao was set up in Shanxi Province, and the hall was changed to be under the jurisdiction of Dao. One was the general of Suiyuan City, which began in 1739. He was in charge of Manchu Garrison and Manchu people affairs, and controlled the above-mentioned "flag" and "Dao". The territory of the region is jointly managed by "Qi" and "ting" and governed by different nationalities; the Mongolian people belong to "Qi" and the Han people belong to "ting".

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Guihua city hall was changed into Guihua County; in the second year of the Republic of China, Suiyuan city was merged into Guisui county. The Inner Mongolia and Han Dynasties were still divided in the District, and the banners and counties coexisted. In 1914, Suiyuan Special Administrative Region was set up and separated from Shanxi Province.

In October 1937, the Japanese army invaded Yuquan District, which was under the jurisdiction of Guisui County of Bayantala League, the "Mongolian League autonomous government". Later, Houhe Haote city was established. On August 1, 1938, it was transformed into Houhe special city, and then into Houhe Haote city.

After the surrender of the Japanese army in 1945, it was built in Suishi, which is now Yuquan District. There are the second and third districts and the first and fourth districts of the city. The special banner of Tumet still exists, and the territory follows the rule of Mongolia and Han. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the old system was adopted.

In June 1951, the division of districts was adjusted, and the District Office (the office dispatched by the Municipal People's Government) was reorganized into the District People's government. Yuquan District has a large part of the third district and a part of the second district.

In February 1954, the situation of ethnic separation and rule, which lasted for more than 200 years, ended, and the people of all ethnic groups in the district were unified under the management of the local government. On April 25, 1954, the city was renamed Hohhot. Change the ordinal area name on June 1. The third district is renamed Yuquan District, which is the beginning of the name of Yuquan (the second district is renamed Qingkai District, because of "Qingkai bridge"). Qingkai district was withdrawn in 1956, and most of it was assigned to Yuquan District.

In 1966, it was renamed Xiangyang District, and in 1979, it was renamed Yuquan District.

In July 1999, xicaiyuan, xiaoheihe and Taohua townships in the former suburbs were included, becoming a new type of urban-rural integration with rural areas.

administrative division

At the end of 2012, it has jurisdiction over 8 streets, including Danan street, changhelong street, xiaozhaoqian street, Xinglong lane, shiyangqiao East Road, Ordos Road, xicaiyuan road and Zhaojun Road, 1 town of xiaoheihe, 9 township level administrative districts, 41 communities and 54 administrative villages.

geographical environment

position

Yuquan District is located at 111 ° 67 ′ E and 40 ° 75 ′ n. Hohhot is located in the middle of the city, southwest of the city. It is adjacent to Saihan District in the East, tumetzuoqi in the South and West, and Huimin District in the north.

terrain

Yuquan District is located in the tumechuan plain, with few geomorphic types. The northern part is a Piedmont inclined plain with proluvial and alluvial deposits, and the southern part is the daheihe alluvial plain. The overall terrain is flat, inclined from northeast to southwest, with an altitude of 1050 meters in the north and 1020 meters in the southwest, with an average altitude of 1035 meters.

hydrology

Groundwater is the only source of water in urban areas. The main recharge source is the groundwater transformed by precipitation infiltration in Daqingshan Mountain area, which is recharged by the runoff of Halaqin Valley and Wusutu Valley alluvial fan, forming a artesian basin. Phreatic water (i.e. shallow water), buried only a few meters deep, has been polluted. The buried depth of deep confined water is between 60 and 125 meters, and the water level shows a downward trend in recent years. The rivers in the territory belong to the Yellow River Basin, and the main rivers are Dahei River, which is a tributary of the Yellow River and flows through the region for 19.37 km. Xiaoheihe river is one of the tributaries of Dahei River, with a length of 13.8 km. Zadagai River, commonly known as niuqiao River, originates from Daqingshan, flows into xiaoheihe River and enters Yuquan District from Huimin district. The upper section is the boundary river of the two districts, and the lower section flows through xicaiyuan sub district office and xiaoheihe Town, with a total length of about 5.4 km. Except for the flood in rainy season, the daily flow is very small, although the riverbed is 60-80 meters wide and the water surface is only a few meters. Shiyangqiao River, also known as moat, flows through the east of the city. In recent years, the buried pipeline in the upstream has been changed into subsurface flow, and the flow of liuzhongqian street to xinglongxiang sub district office has returned. The river is 7 meters wide and abundant, but it contains enterprise wastewater and domestic sewage.

climate

Yuquan District belongs to temperate continental monsoon climate, which is dry and hot in the north. Winter is longer, about half a year, frost free period is only 120 days. The annual average temperature is 5-6 ℃. The coldest is January with an average temperature of - 13.2 ℃; the hottest is July with an average temperature of 21.9 ℃. The average annual temperature range is 35.1 ℃. The extreme maximum temperature is 37.8 ℃ (July 23, 1955), the minimum is - 34.5 ℃ (February 8, 1957), and the maximum freezing depth is 1.2m. It is colder in winter, but it tends to be warmer gradually. The daily temperature difference changes greatly, so there is a folk saying "wear fur coat early and wear yarn at noon". The climate is dry with little rain and snow. The annual average precipitation is about 400 mm, and most of the rain is concentrated in July and August. The highest annual rainfall in history is more than 900 mm, the lowest is 200 mm, and the maximum daily rainfall is 148.8 mm (July 28, 1966, Wuliying Village). It is windy, and there are about 100 days of calm days in the whole year. The gale season is mostly in spring. The dominant wind direction in the whole year is northwest wind, and in summer, there are more southwest wind and northeast wind.

natural resources

In 2013, there are five or six thin coal seams in proven strata of mineral and other natural resources, which are buried deeply and have no mining value at present.

Wild animals include a small number of marmots, rabbits, voles, weasels, grey mice, yellow mice, lizards, etc.; birds include sparrow, crow, pheasant, cuckoo, woodpecker, owl, cuckoo, kingfisher, hummingbird, grouse, wild goose, quail, thrush, lark, etc., except sparrow and crow, the number of other birds is small.

There are dozens of wild plants, such as licorice, dandelion, Artemisia argyi, Leonurus japonicus, seabuckthorn, Lycium barbarum, alfalfa, calamus chinensis, reed, Plantago asiatica and so on, with small yields. The land resources in front of the mountain are divided into six grades. Most of the farmland in the two streets of xicaiyuan and Zhaojun road is evaluated as "grade I land", that is, "class I soil with higher fertility". It is rich in light energy resources and sufficient sunshine, belonging to the second highest value area in China.

Population nationality

population

In 2012, the total population of Yuquan District was 383000 (including 145000 floating population), including 125000 rural residents (including 76000 floating population).

nation

There are 36 ethnic minorities, such as Mongolian, Hui and Manchu. It is a multi-ethnic community with Mongolian as the main ethnic group (about 34000 Mongolian) and Han as the majority.

Economics

overview

In 2016, Yuquan District achieved GDP of 32.796 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.5%; general public budget revenue of 1.87 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.7%; fixed asset investment of 16.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13.7%; industrial added value above designated scale, a year-on-year increase of 8.7%; and economic growth of 5.7%; The total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 23.35 billion yuan, an increase of 9.6% year on year; the per capita disposable income of urban permanent residents reached 38892 yuan,

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Hu He Hao Te Shi Yu Quan Qu