Weicheng District, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province

Weicheng District, Weicheng District, belongs to Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. It is located in the North Bank of Weihe River in the middle of Guanzhong. It is located in the eastern half of Xianyang city and in the triangle where Jinghe River and Weihe River meet. It is adjacent to Gaoling District of Xi'an City in the East, Qindu District in the west, Weihe River in the south, and Liquan and Jingyang in the north. It is between 108 ° 40 ′ 03 "- 108 ° 57 ′ 36" E and 34 ° 19 ′ 47 "- 34 ° 29 ′ 17" n. It is about 26.73 km long from east to west and 17.92 km wide from north to south, covering an area of 272 square kilometers. By the end of 2019, there will be 213700 permanent residents.

Weicheng district is located in the core area of Guanzhong Tianshui Economic Zone and Xixian new district. Xi'an Xianyang International Airport, the largest airport in Northwest China, is located in the area. Weihe River, the largest tributary of the Yellow River, flows through the area under its jurisdiction and is rich in groundwater resources. It is the capital of Qin Dynasty, the first unified centralized feudal country in Chinese history. It is also the capital of 13 dynasties, including Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties. It has many cultural relics and historic sites, and is known as "natural history museum".

In 2019, the GDP will reach 25.659 billion yuan, an increase of 0.7% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the secondary industry was 14.772 billion yuan, down 3.5%, accounting for 57.6% of the GDP; the added value of the tertiary industry was 10.888 billion yuan, up 6.7%, accounting for 42.4% of the GDP.

Historical evolution

Weicheng district is under the jurisdiction of Hu family in Xia Dynasty. In Shang Dynasty, it was granted to the descendants of Wu Hui, the Tianguan of emperor he. It was named Cheng (he). In the 34th year of Wu Yi (about 1108 BC), the calendar was given to the king of Zhou. Ji Lizi Jichang (King Wen of Zhou) lived in Cheng before he built Fengjing. After King Wu of Zhou conquered Zhou, he was granted the title of his younger brother Bi Gong, which was higher than this, so he was named Bi. The center of Bi and Cheng States is near the anling of the South Han Dynasty in Baimiao village, Hanjiawan township.

In the 12th year of emperor Xiaogong of Qin Dynasty (350 BC), the "Ji Que" palace was built in Yaodian Township in the east of the area. Because it is located in the south of Jiupeng mountain and the north of Weishui River, it is named "Xianyang" because of its sunny landscape. After Huiwen, mourning Wu, Zhaoxiang, Xiaowen, Zhuangxiang five kings and the first emperor and the second emperor, it was the capital of Qin in 144 years. In Xianyang, the first emperor of Qin set up the internal history to command the counties in Guanzhong. At the end of Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu slaughtered Xianyang in the west, which was divided into three kingdoms, namely Yong, Zhai and Sai. To the east of Yaodian is the state of Sai, and to the west of Yaodian is the state of Yong.

In the first year of emperor Gaodi of Han Dynasty (206 BC), Liu Bang set up Xincheng County in the old city of Xianyang after "returning Sanqin" and merged into Chang'an in the seventh year. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Wudi (114 BC), it was restored and renamed Weicheng county. In the Western Han Dynasty, Changling County was also disposed of in the mausoleum of Han Gaozu, anling County in the mausoleum of Han Huidi, and Yangling County in the mausoleum of Han Jingdi. In the first year of Taichu period (104 BC), there were three divisions: jingzhaoyin to the east of Chang'an, youfufeng to the west of Weicheng and zuofengyi to the north of Changling. Changling County and Yangling County belong to zuofengyi, Weicheng county and anling County belong to youfufeng.

In the sixth year of Guangwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (30 years), Weicheng was merged into Chang'an. In the 15th year (39th year), Changling and Yangling were changed to jingzhaoyin, and anling was still right Fufeng.

In the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms, Changling and anling were merged into Chang'an County of Jingzhao County, and Yangling into Gaoling county. The area was then divided into two counties, Chang'an and Gaoling.

In 329, shile of Zhao Dynasty was divided into Shi Ping and Chang'an, so Shi'an county was set up in Weicheng. In the first two years of the former Qin Emperor (352 years), Jingzhao set up Xianyang County in Changling city and governed Shi'an and other counties. In 446, it was changed to Xianyang County, and Jingyang County was merged into Shi'an county. In 496, Xianyang County moved from Changling to the north of Jingshui. In the second year of Jingming Dynasty (501), Jingyang County was restored by Shi'an. In 558, the second year of Emperor Ming of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Lingwu county was concurrently established as Lingwu county. In the second year of Jiande (573), Lingwu county was abolished, and its jurisdiction was incorporated into Shi'an county.

In 583, Xianyang county was abolished and Shi'an county was merged into Jingyang County.

In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, Xianyang county was divided into Jingyang County and Shihping county.

The song and Jin Dynasties still belonged to Jingzhao Prefecture. Yuan belongs to Fengyuan road.

The Ming and Qing Dynasties belonged to Xi'an Prefecture. In 1371, the county was moved to the old city.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it belonged to Guanzhong road. In 1933, it was changed to a province. In 1937, it was the tenth administrative supervision district.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was originally under Xianyang district. In May 1950, it was changed into Xianyang special district, with a special office in Zhongshan street, the old city. In December 1952, Xianyang city was set up at the county level. In 1953, the district was abolished and Xianyang county and city were directly under the provincial government. In December 1958, the county was incorporated into the city. In 1961, Xianyang district was set up again. After the land reform in October 1983, the original city was changed into Qindu District. In December 1986, the city of Xianyang was divided with the capital of Qin Dynasty by Leyu road.

administrative division

As of 2018, Weicheng district has 10 streets under its jurisdiction. Weicheng District People's Government in Weiyang street.

geographical environment

Location context

Weicheng district is located in the eastern half of Xianyang City, the middle of Guanzhong Basin, the east of Qindu District, and the north of Weihe River. It is in the triangle of Jinghe River and Weihe River. It borders Gaoling District in the East, Qindu District in the west, Xi'an across the Weihe River in the South and Liquan and Jingyang in the north. It is between 108 ° 40 ′ 03 "- 108 ° 57 ′ 36" E and 34 ° 19 ′ 47 "- 34 ° 29 ′ 17" n. It is about 26.73 km long from east to west and 17.92 km wide from north to south, covering an area of 272 square kilometers.

geological structure

Weicheng area belongs to the Weihe Fault Basin (Weihe graben), which was formed by the large-scale uplift of the Qinling Mountains in the Cenozoic Himalayan movement. Until the Quaternary tectonic movement and various external forces shaped and differentiated the northern Loess Tableland and the southern alluvial plain. The structural basis of the northern Loess Plateau is the Liquan fault terrace in Weibei fault block (between Baoji Huaxian fault zone and Fufeng Sanyuan fault zone). In the Pleistocene of the Quaternary, the lake basin was slowly uplifted, and the lake basin of the Paleogene was exposed. Because the terrain is flat, it is favorable for loess accumulation, so the middle and late Pleistocene loess layers are accumulated on the lacustrine sediments of Neogene and early Pleistocene, covering 80-100 meters. Due to the fluctuation of climate, 7-8 layers of Paleosol are developed, and the Quaternary sediments are 200-400 meters thick. In addition, due to the control of the fault valley of the neotectonics, the depression between the tableland and the beam shaped land was formed. The alluvial plain in the South was "Sanmen Lake" before the early Pleistocene. Since the late Middle Pleistocene, there have been three times of river undercutting and relative crustal uplift, resulting in the development of three river terraces and modern floodplain. 2、 The third terrace is erosion accumulation terrace, and the first terrace is accumulation terrace. The structure of the terraces is obviously "binary structure", that is, the bottom is sand gravel of riverbed facies, the upper is fine sandy clay of floodplain facies, and the surface of the second and third terraces is covered with loess layers of middle and late Pleistocene with different thickness. The total thickness of Quaternary loose deposits is about 400m.

topographic features

The landform of Weicheng district is high in the north and low in the south. It is inclined to the bottom of Weihe River in a ladder shape. It is roughly bounded by the north main canal of Baoji Gorge and divided into the Loess Plateau Area in the north and the alluvial plain area in the south. The South kiln of Yangjiazhai in Beidu township is the highest, and the southeast of tongrenzhuang in Zhengyang township is the lowest. The altitude is between 514-367 meters, and the height difference is 147.0 meters. The northern tableland is divided into Tableland and inter tableland depression, while the southern plain is divided into three river terraces, floodplain and riverbed.

Climatic characteristics

Weicheng district is located in the inland, is a warm temperate continental semi-arid monsoon climate. It is characterized by distinct cold and warm seasons, warmer land in spring (from late March), more precipitation, frequent cold air activities, and prone to cold wave, gale, frost and spring drought; in summer (from late May), the temperature is the highest, with large precipitation and sufficient light; in early summer and summer, there are many droughts, and in the later period, there are many storms; in autumn (from early September), there are many overcast rains, and the temperature drops slowly, High humidity, less light, late temperature plummeting, drought and less rain; winter (from early November) climate becomes cold, dry and less rain.

Soil type

According to the soil survey in 1982, the soil in Weicheng district is divided into 6 soil types, 11 sub types, 22 soil genera and 51 soil species. From north to south, the order of distribution is loessial soil, silt soil, fluvo aquic soil, paddy soil and swamp soil.

natural disaster

The main disastrous weather in Weicheng district includes drought, continuous rain, wind and frost, which limits the full utilization of climate resources.

natural resources

water resource

Weihe River is a river in Weicheng district. It flows from Qindu District to Gaoling district through four townships of Weiyang, Weicheng, Yaodian and Zhengyang. The length of the reach is 25.06 km, the annual flow is 5.166 billion cubic meters, and the average flow is 163.8 cubic meters per second. Even in dry years, the annual runoff is 2.415 billion cubic meters, and there is no water cut-off phenomenon.

Geothermal resources

Weicheng district is rich in geothermal resources, with geothermal reserves of about 250 billion cubic meters. The explored and planned geothermal water yield is 37.2 billion cubic meters, with large water yield, high temperature, excellent water quality and good sustainability. It is rich in radon, sulfur, lithium, strontium and other minerals and trace elements, reaching the standard of high-quality medical hot mineral water, and has great development and utilization value. Seven geothermal wells have been drilled in Weicheng District, with a depth of 1998-3558m, a maximum water temperature of 120 ℃, a water inflow of 44.34-182 m3 / h, and a maximum shut in pressure of 1.2 kPa.

plant resources

According to the 16th Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty

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