Luanping county, Chengde City, Hebei Province

Luanping county Luanping county, subordinate to Chengde City, Hebei Province, is located in the west of Chengde City, at the intersection of Beijing, Hebei and Inner Mongolia provinces and cities "Golden Triangle". It is known as the north gate of Beijing, and is the traffic hub connecting Beijing, Hebei and Inner Mongolia.

Luanping county covers a total area of 3213 square kilometers, with the longest from east to west of 95.7 kilometers and the widest from north to south of 67 kilometers. In the East and Southeast, it borders Shuangluan district and Chengde County; in the West and southwest, it borders Huairou District and Miyun District of Beijing; in the north, it borders Fengning Manchu Autonomous County and Longhua County; in the northwest, it borders Fengning and Zhenglan Banner and Duolun County of Xilinguole League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region; in the northeast, it borders Weichang Manchu and Mongolian Autonomous County, and karaqin banner and Ningcheng County of Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia It borders. It has jurisdiction over 20 towns (7 towns, 4 townships and 9 ethnic townships), 1 Street, 200 administrative villages and 9 neighborhood committees.

Luanping county was officially established in 1778 (the 43rd year of Qianlong). 6800 years ago, there was human civilization. Shanrong nationality continued in Luanping for more than 700 years from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Warring States period, forming a distinctive Shanrong culture with national characteristics. There are 5 royal road sites of the Qing Dynasty, 8 palace sites, 10 key cultural relics protection units at or above the provincial level, more than 360 sites, relics and ancient buildings in Luanping, and more than 360 sites, relics and ancient buildings in Kangxi Four emperors, including Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Qianlong, Emperor Jiaqing and Emperor Xianfeng, made 230 trips to this area in autumn and summer, among which Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong made the most trips, with more than 90 trips. Luanping dialect is the standard pronunciation of Chinese Putonghua and the main collection place of new China Putonghua standard pronunciation.

On January 19, 2017, Luanping county was rated as one of the "top ten counties" of new media in Hebei Province in 2016. On May 5, 2019, the Hebei provincial government issued a notice officially approving Luanping county to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence. On May 9, Luanping county was rated as a demonstration county of e-commerce into rural areas in Hebei Province in 2019 by Hebei Provincial Department of Commerce, Hebei Provincial Department of Finance and Hebei provincial poverty alleviation and development office. It is one of the 14 key counties around the capital green economic circle in Hebei Province.

Historical evolution

In the Western Han Dynasty, Baitan county was established.

Jin, set up Yixing county.

In Ming Dynasty, Yixing garrison was set up.

In 1742, kalahe Tunting hall was set up. In 1778, kalahe Tunting hall was changed to Luanping county. It is said that because kalahetun is close to Luanhe River, it means "Luanhe River is safe and people are safe". It is still in use today.

In 2007, according to the spirit of relevant documents of Hebei provincial government, chenzhezi township of Luanping county was under the jurisdiction of Shuangluan District of Chengde city.

In 2010, according to the spirit of relevant documents of Hebei provincial government, Xidi Manchu Township of Luanping county was under the jurisdiction of Shuangluan District of Chengde city.

geographical environment

Location context

Luanping county, located in the northeast of Hebei Province and the west of Chengde City, is located in 40 ° 39 ′ 21 ″ - 41 ° 12 ′ 53 ″ north latitude and 116 ° 40 ′ 15 ″ - 117 ° 46 ′ 03 ″ east longitude. Luanping is located between Beijing and Chengde corridor. The county seat is 165 kilometers away from the second ring road of Beijing, 120 kilometers away from the Capital International Airport, 65 kilometers away from Chengde summer resort, 275 kilometers away from Tianjin city, and 465 kilometers away from Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital.

landforms

Luanping county belongs to the mountainous area of "eight mountains, one water and one farmland". It is located in the middle part of Yanshan Mountains. It is the transition zone between Inner Mongolia Plateau and Yanshan Mountains. The average altitude of the whole county is 700 meters. It is mainly mountainous landscape with huge elevation difference. The mountainous area of the county accounts for 87.6% of the total area. Grassland is distributed in Bashang Plateau of Inner Mongolia Plateau from southwest to northeast. The highest peak is baicaowa, 1768 meters above sea level (rentou mountain, 1750.4 meters above sea level). The lowest is the outer tidal Bank of the Great Wall in bakshiying Town, with an altitude of 210 meters and an altitude difference of 1558 meters. The Jinshanling Great Wall is built on top of the steep mountains, forming the most dangerous section of the great wall; the Luanhe River and the Chaohe River Valley run through the north and south. The mountains in the middle part of the county form a northwest southeast uplift belt, forming a watershed between Haihe River system and Luanhe River system.

climate

Luanping county belongs to the transition from warm temperate zone to middle temperate zone, semi-arid and semi humid continental monsoon Yanshan mountain climate. The general climatic characteristics are as follows: long winter and short summer, four distinct seasons; rapid temperature rise in spring, drought and less rain; mild summer, hot rain in the same season, no hot season, more thunderstorms; clear sky in autumn, large temperature difference between day and night, rapid temperature drop; cold and less snow in winter. The climate is affected by topography, and the regional change is obvious. The annual average temperature is 7.7 ℃, the hottest month is July, the average temperature is 23.0 ℃, the coldest month is January, the average temperature is - 11 ℃. Luanping county is a high altitude area, with a significant temperate mountain climate characteristics, cold in winter and cool in summer. The vertical and horizontal changes of climate are obvious, forming an obvious mountain climate differentiation zone, with wide forest distribution and high coverage. The annual frost free period is 151 days, the annual precipitation is 351.1 mm, and 70% - 80% of the precipitation is concentrated in June, July and August. There are many southwest winds throughout the year, with an average wind speed of 2.2 m / s.

hydrology

There are Luanhe River, Yixun River, Xingzhou River and Chaohe River in Luanping county. The total drainage area of Luanhe River is 3010.42 square kilometers (because the neighboring county has cross basin area, this number is inconsistent with the administrative area of 3213 square kilometers), and the river network density is 0.137 km / square kilometers. Luanhe River, Yixun River and Xingzhou River belong to Luanhe River system, and the drainage area is 1587 square kilometers Chaohe River belongs to Haihe River system, with a drainage area of 1423 square kilometers. It is an important water source of Beijing and Tianjin. On the four major rivers, there are 7 tributaries with an area of more than 100 square kilometers, 65 tributaries with an area of more than 10 square kilometers and less than 100 square kilometers, and thousands of seasonal rivers. Luanhe is the largest river in Luanping county, the second largest river in Hebei Province and the 13th largest river in China.

administrative division

As of 2016, Luanping county has jurisdiction over 20 towns (7 towns, 4 townships and 9 ethnic townships), 1 Street, 200 administrative villages and 9 neighborhood committees. Including: Luanping Town, changshanyu Town, Zhangbaiwan Town, Hongqi Town, jingoutun Town, hushiha Town, bakshiying Town, Pingfang Manchu Township, anchungoumen Manchu Township, fuyingzi Township, Xiaoying Manchu Township, Xigou Manchu Township, Dengchang Manchu Township, wudaoyingzi Manchu Township, mayingzi Manchu Township, Fujiadian Manchu Township, huodoushan Township, liangjianfang Township, Laowa Township, Datun Manchu Township.

Luanping county has 6 townships and 21 administrative villages bordering Miyun District and Huairou District (bakshiying Town, hushiha Town, Laowa Township, Dengchang Manchu Township, wudaoyingzi Manchu Township, mayingzi Manchu Township), with an extension of 113 km. It is one of the 14 key counties around the capital green economic circle.

population

After the sixth census, the total population of Luanping county is 279050, including 143837 males and 135213 females. The total number of households was 107993, and the population increased by 247 or 0.068% over the previous year.

According to the statistics of the family planning department, there were 3033 births in the whole year, 72 more than the previous year, with a birth rate of 6.42 ‰, 1.12 thousand points higher than the previous year; there were 1808 deaths, with a death rate of 5.7 ‰, 0.3 thousand points lower than the previous year; the natural growth rate of the population was 0.72 ‰, 0.78 thousand points higher than the previous year; the fertility rate in line with the policy was 100%, 1.38 percentage points higher than the previous year; the sex ratio of births was 103.7:100 .

natural resources

Forestry resources

As of 2014, the forest area of Luanping county is 3.89 million mu, including 2.6 million mu of forest land, 150000 mu of sparse forest land, 740000 mu of barren mountain area and 400000 mu of others, with a forest coverage rate of 58%. Luanping county has a forest stock of 2.6 million cubic meters and a public welfare forest protection area of 778700 mu, including 758700 mu of national key public welfare forest and 20000 mu of provincial public welfare forest. By the end of 2013, the county's orchard area was 8822 hectares, and the fruit output was 19000 tons, including 17800 tons of fruit. The total social output value of forestry is 365 million yuan. Classification of ownership: in the area of forest land in the county, 689500 Mu is under the jurisdiction of state-owned forest farms, 100000 Mu is for forestry, and 431600 Mu is for forest land. Among them, six state-owned forest farms under the jurisdiction of Luanping Forest Farm Management Office directly under the municipal forestry bureau are: Laohugou forest farm, yuyingzi forest farm, jingoutun forest farm, lahailing forest farm, hushiha forest farm and bakshiying forest farm; one state-owned forest farm under the jurisdiction of the county, namely jinjiagou forest farm, covers an area of 81000 mu, with a forest land area of 78000 mu, including 65000 mu of forest land 5% of the total land area. The collective forest has jurisdiction over 1.8805 million mu. A total of 1.7006 million mu of afforestation area has been completed in the county, including 949600 mu of afforestation in Beijing Tianjin sandstorm source control project, 391000 mu of returning farmland to forest project, 207000 mu of consolidating the achievements of returning farmland to forest project, 96000 mu of assistance afforestation project and 62000 mu of Beijing Hebei water source protection forest construction project. The main trees and shrubs of natural distribution of vegetation species in the county are Pinus tabulaeformis, Betula platyphylla, Populus davidiana, oak, apricot, Acer truncatum, Vitex negundo, etc.; the main trees and shrubs of artificial cultivation are poplar, larch, Pinus tabulaeformis, Robinia pseudoacacia, chestnut, pear, etc.

Biological resources

Six kinds of wild medicinal plants are protected by the state, including Juglans mandshurica, acanthopanax senticosus, Glycine max, Astragalus mongholicus, etc. There are 21 provincial protected plants, such as Ephedra Sinica, Hongjingtian, etc.

The main migratory birds in Luanping county are grey crane, azalea, swallow, Taiping bird, etc. The main resident birds are grouse, spotted chicken, sparrow, Golden Eagle, owl, etc. There are mainly geese, swans, silver gulls, North gray Weng and so on.

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Cheng De Shi Luan Ping Xian