Horqin Left wing rear banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Keerqin left wing rear banner Keerqin left wing rear banner is located in the southeast of Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, between 121 ° 30 ′ - 123 ° 42 ′ E and 42 ° 40 ′ - 43 ° 42 ′ n. It borders Shuangliao City in Jilin Province in the northeast, Zhangwu, Kangping and Changtu counties in Liaoning Province in the East and south, and Kulun banner, Naiman Banner, Kailu County, Tongliao City and KeZuoZhong banner in the West and North. It has a total area of 11500 square kilometers and a total population of 400000 (in 2004).

On April 18, 2019, the people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region decided to withdraw Horqin Left wing rear banner from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties.

In July 2020, the National Patriotic Health Association decided to name Keerqin left wing rear banner as a national health county in 2017-2019 cycle.

Historical evolution

Horqin is the name of Mongolian tribe, which means bodyguard with bow and arrow; in Mongolian, East is called zuozhou. The flag was set up in the early Qing Dynasty. In the early Qing Dynasty, Mongolia was divided into left-wing and right-wing soldiers. After the establishment of the banner in 1650, the left rear banner in the center of Horqin was called Horqin Left wing rear banner.

During the Warring States period, Qijing belonged to the Donghu nationality activity area; during the Qin Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Zuoxian king of Hun Khanate.

In the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to the northern territory of Liaodong County; in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the northern and Southern Dynasties, it was under the control of Xianbei nationality; in the Tang Dynasty, it was the residence of Qidan nationality, and it was subordinate to the songmo Dudu Prefecture set up in the Tang Dynasty.

In Liao Dynasty, it was the land of Shangjing Daotou and xiajunzhou; in Song Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of linhuangfu road of Jin state built by nvzhenren; in Yuan Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Ningchang Road north of xingzhongshu province.

At the end of Ming Dynasty, Horqin, a nomadic tribe in Nenjiang River Valley, replaced Fuyu guards and settled there. Its southern border gradually reached the Shengjing wall and belonged to the first nomadic tribe of wulutmenggu under the command of sun Ming'an, 17th emperor of Yuan Dynasty. In 1612, the daughter of Ming'an married Nurhachi and got married with Manchu. In the 44th year of Wanli (1616), Nurhachi unified Nuzhen and established Houjin, and the Horqin tribe was controlled by Houjin. Chongzhen five years (1632) change Li Manzhou zhenghuang banner. After the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), it was combined with bintu County King banner (kezuoqian banner) into one banner.

In 1650, zhasak, the left wing rear banner of Horqin, and zhangjilun, the king of Heshuo, were set up. In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), Seng gelinqin was promoted to Prince, and was granted the title of "boduolegatai", which was called "boduolegatai flag", or "Bowang flag" for short, until 1931.

In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to inner zasak of Mongolia, a foreign vassal state, and was directly under the control of general Shengjing. Its military affairs were controlled by general Shengjing, and its alliance was located in Zhelimu (now in Horqin Right Wing central banner of Xing'an League). During the period of the Republic of China, it belonged to Fengtian province and was supervised by the leader of Zhelimu League. The local military was controlled by taoliao garrison envoys. It is located in bowangfu (today's jilgalang town).

In 1931 (the 20th year of the Republic of China), after the September 18th Incident, the puppet Manchuria state was established in the following year, and the dongkehou banner office was set up, which was subordinate to the South Branch of Xing'an and the general province of Xing'an. In 1945, people from all walks of life in dongkehou banner proposed to establish a local autonomous government after the restoration of the banner during the "August 1st five year plan". In March of the next year, it was transformed into a democratic government, which was subordinate to the joint office of the three left banners of Horqin, the Executive Office of the southern Xing'an region and the government of Zhelimu province. In September 1946, the KMT established the dongkehou banner government in gilgarang, which was under the jurisdiction of Northern Liaoning Province.

In June 1947, the democratic government of dongkehou banner was restored and belonged to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In July, it was restored to the left wing rear banner of Horqin. In June 1953, Zhemeng was abolished and belonged to the administrative office of the eastern autonomous region. In April 1954, the administrative office of the eastern district was abolished and returned to the newly restored Zhelimu League.

In 1969, it was put under Jilin Province together with Zhelimu League. In 1979, it belonged to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

administrative division

Horqin Left wing rear banner governs 12 towns, 2 townships and 10 Sumu: Ganqika Town, Jinbaotun Town, jiergalang Town, Changsheng Town, yihuta Town, zaresu Town, Sandu Town, agula Town, nugustai Town, chaolutu Town, hailutu Town, Shengli Town, haisigeshumu, gonghelaisumu, haotansumu, bayasgulengsumu, Xiangyang Town, Shuangsheng town and bagatala town Sumu, ermole Sumu, aduqin Sumu, maodaotu Sumu, Ulan Aodao Sumu, Bayan Maodu Sumu.

geographical environment

Location context

Keerqin left wing rear banner is located in the southeast of Tongliao City, bordering Shuangliao City in Jilin Province in the Northeast; it is adjacent to Zhangwu, Kangping, Changtu counties in Liaoning Province in the East and South; it is connected with Kulun banner, Naiman Banner, Kailu County, Keerqin district and KeZuoZhong banner in Tongliao City in the West and North.

Horqin Left wing rear banner

topographic features

In addition to the Liaohe alluvial plain in the East, they are all geomorphic types characterized by sand dunes and sandy land. Tuodian interlaced, sand dunes undulating, depression vertical and horizontal distribution. The terrain in the territory gradually decreases from southwest to northeast and then to Southeast. The highest altitude is 308.4 meters in the southwest, and the lowest is 88.5 meters at the intersection of East and West Liaohe River in the southeast.

climate

Kezuohou banner is located in the edge of the middle temperate zone, in the temperate continental monsoon climate zone, with four distinct seasons. In spring, it warms up quickly, and is dry and windy; in summer, it is hot, because of the influence of monsoon, the rainfall is concentrated, and the rain is hot at the same time; in autumn, it is warm and cool for a short time; in winter, it is cold and snowy for a long time.

The annual average temperature is between 5.3 ℃ and 5.9 ℃. The highest year occurred in 1975, 7.0 ℃ in the West and 7.1 ℃ in the East; the lowest year occurred in 1969, 4.5 ℃ in the West and East, and 4.3 ℃ in the middle. The difference of annual average temperature between high and low is 2.5 ℃ - 2.7 ℃. The temperature in January is the lowest, with a monthly average of - 14 ℃ - 15.1 ℃; the temperature in July is the highest, with a monthly average of 23.2 ℃ - 23.8 ℃. The temperature changes rapidly in spring and autumn, and the accumulated temperature is 2900 ℃ - 3010 ℃ in 153-156 days when the temperature is 10 ℃ or higher.

hydrology

There are 11 rivers. Dongliao River and Xiliao River are large transit rivers. Except Daqinggou River, other small rivers are seasonal rivers and belong to Liaohe River system. The river network density is 0.29 km / km2, and the total runoff is 870 million cubic meters (including 740 million cubic meters of inflow from abroad). There are 325 large and small lakes with 92523 mu of water surface, including 143 lakes with 50295 mu of water surface throughout the year.

natural resources

Up to 2010, proven mineral resources include coal, silica sand, quarrying, grass carbon and natural alkali. The coal is distributed in Jinbaotun, charisu and Sandu, with proven reserves of 113 million tons and calorific value of 6600-7500 kcal / g. it has industrial exploitation value and has been named Jinxiang coalfield. There are 10 large and small sand mines with an annual output of nearly 600000 tons of glass sand and various molding sand, and 4 quarries with an average annual output of 2.5 million cubic meters. The amount of grass carbon is also very large, mainly distributed in Jinbaotun, Budun, chaolutu, gonghelai, Sandu and other places. The reserves are over 53.6 million cubic meters. There are 140 kinds of wild animals. There are mainly toads, ring necked pheasants, quails, sand half chickens, rabbits, muskrats, weasels, foxes, badgers and wolves.

population

traffic

Highway construction began in 1956. Keerqin left wing Right Banner has formed a transportation network system with national and provincial roads as the main trunk line and county and township roads as the supplement, which plays a huge role in economic prosperity and social progress. All the 12 Sumu towns and 262 Gacha (villages) in the whole banner are connected with highways or rural highways, with a total mileage of 2146 km and a highway density of 10.41 km / 100 km2. National highway "304" line Dan (East) - Huo (Linhe), "203" line Shen (Yang) - Ming (Shui), "303" line Gan (Qika) - Ku (Lun), "305" line Gan (Qika) - Jin (Baotun) runs through the territory. There are 3 county roads, with a total length of 611.3 km.

Economics

overview

In 2012, the GDP of Keerqin left wing Houqi increased from 5.71 billion yuan to 14.2 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 20%; the three industrial structure was adjusted from 24:30:46 to 17.6:45.8:36.6; the fiscal revenue increased from 224 million yuan to 502 million yuan, with an average annual growth of 17.5%; the investment in fixed assets increased from 1.73 billion yuan to 8.65 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 38%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods increased from 1.16 billion yuan To 2.8 billion yuan, an average annual growth of 19.2%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents increased from 8255 yuan to 15981 yuan, an average annual growth of 14.1%; the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen increased from 3661 yuan to 6885 yuan, an average annual growth of 13.5%.

primary industry

Agricultural production is one of the main economies in kezuohou county. In 2012, the grain output of Keerqin left wing rear banner remained more than 3 billion jin. In the year of animal husbandry, there were 2.255 million livestock in stock, including 510000 cattle, a net increase of 55000 over the previous year. The economic structure of rural and pastoral areas has been optimized, the "4241" project has been steadily promoted, and the construction of four major industrial bases of cattle, sand rice, mushroom and vegetable, forest and grass has begun to take shape. The infrastructure construction of agriculture and animal husbandry has been strengthened. 100000 mu of water-saving, high-yield and high-efficiency farmland, 120000 square meters of sheds, 240000 cubic meters of pits, 703000 mu of forage base, 26 demonstration villages for cow breeding, 5 specialized villages for fattening cattle and 4 large-scale fattening cattle farms have been added. 120000 mu of land has been reorganized and 22 drinking water safety projects have been implemented in rural pastoral areas.

the secondary industry

Horqin Left wing rear banner has initially formed four branches of agricultural and livestock products processing, energy, building materials and medicine

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Tong Liao Shi Ke Er Qin Zuo Yi Hou Qi