Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Yingjiang County is located in the west of Yunnan Province and the northwest of Dehong Prefecture. It is located between east longitude 97 ° 31 ′～ 98 ° 16 ′, north latitude 24 ° 24 ′～ 25 ° 20 ′. It borders Tengchong city in the northeast, Lianghe County in the southeast, Longchuan County in the South and Myanmar in the west, northwest and southwest It covers an area of 4429 square kilometers, accounting for 38.4% of the total land area of the prefecture. The county town is 153 kilometers from the capital city of Kunming, 735 kilometers from the capital city of Kunming, 197 kilometers from Myitkyina, and 131 kilometers from Burma Bhamo.

As of 2016, Yingjiang County has jurisdiction over 8 towns and 7 townships. In 2015, there were 81948 permanent residents with a total population of 316990. In 2015, the county's GDP reached 7.533 billion yuan. There are Dai, Jingpo, Lisu and other ethnic minorities living in Yingjiang County. There are many tourist attractions such as Dayingjiang, kaibangyahu, Yunyan pagoda and so on. It has been awarded the honorary titles of China emerald wool city and China nut town.

Yingjiang County is located at the southwest end of Hengduan Mountains, which extends from the Himalayas. Its terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest. It has a subtropical monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 19.3 ~ C. There are 32 main passages in Yingjiang County, which cross the 214.6 km border and connect with Kachin state of Myanmar. It is a golden port passage connecting South Asia, Southeast Asia and India Pakistan subcontinent in mainland China.

On January 25, 2019, it was selected as the national "safe agricultural machinery" Demonstration County in 2018. On April 30, 2019, the people's Government of Yunnan Province decided to withdraw Yingjiang County from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties.

History of construction

In the 4th century BC, "Shu Shen Du Dao" came into being, and now Yingjiang is the main channel. With the opening of this passage, the Central Plains regime began to develop the pass. The Western Han Dynasty in Yingjiang area belongs to Dian Chengxiang state. in the second year of Yongping (59th year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Yongchang County. In the twelfth year of Yongping (69th year), it belonged to Ailao County of Yongchang County; in the Southern Dynasty, it belonged to Xicheng County of Yongchang County. In the early Tang Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Tengyue soften mansion; in the Nanzhao period of Tang Dynasty, it set up a garrison in the old city, which was subordinate to Yongchang Jiedu soften mansion. Song Dynasty (DALI) is under the jurisdiction of Qilan Department of Tengchong Prefecture. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to the Marshal's mansion of xuanweisi capital in Jinchi, Dali and other places. In 1276, it belonged to the civil and military general's mansion of Chengxi road. In the 15th year of Hongwu (1382) of Ming Dynasty, zhenxifu was set up as one of the 52 prefectures in Yunnan. In the first year of Yongle (1403), Ganya was set up as the chief official. In the ninth year of Zhengtong (1444), it was promoted to Xuanfu and Zhili as the chief official. In the second year of Tianshun (1458), daosizhong was appointed as the Deputy envoy of Ganya and was in charge of zhandadi. In 1659, deputy Xuanfu Secretary of Zhanda was set up. In 1910, deputy Xuanfu envoy of Zhanda stopped attacking. in the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the national government set up the post of "Tanya" Committee in Ganya and Zhanda respectively. in 1913, he became an executive member and set up an administrative office. in 1932, Ganya and Zhanda were changed to Yingjiang and Lianshan administrative bureaus, which were the transitional institutions for the construction of counties and were under the supervision of the first frontier settlement in Yunnan. On May 15, 1950, Yingjiang and Lianshan were peacefully liberated. On June 1, Yingjiang ethnic administrative committee was established, and on June 17, Lianshan ethnic administrative committee was established. on December 31, 1951, a coalition government of all nationalities in Yingjiang County was established. On January 15, 1952, the United Government of all nationalities in Lianshan county was established. In June 1955, Zhanxi District, once under the jurisdiction of Baoshan Prefecture and Dehong Prefecture, was transferred to Yingjiang County. In October 1958, Yingjiang County and Lianshan County merged into Yingjiang County.

administrative division

Division evolution

In October 1958, two counties in Yingjiang and Lianshan were merged into Yingjiang county. After merging, they were vanguard, Hongcheng (new town), Zhang Zhang, border defense (elder * *), Chuk, Chilla, plains, Taiping, Zhi Meng (Meng Nong), Fei (Su Dian), Simma and copper wall 12 communes, 64 teams. In February 1959, the commune was abolished and the administrative system of districts and townships was restored. Among them, Feiyue commune was replaced by sutian cultural station and Zhimeng Commune by kachang cultural station. In October 1961, Mengnong district was established. In December 1962, the yousongling district was established. In March 1969, the whole county launched the "people's commune" movement. The district stations were transformed into people's communes, and the villages and towns were transformed into brigades. In January 1974, 3 teams were set up from Taiping and copper wall Guan communes, and the mang Yun commune was established. 4 brigades were set up from the West commune to establish the manzhang commune; 3 teams were drawn from the west, 1 teams from Sudian were established, and the commune was established; in April, 3 teams from the plains commune were built, and the plains were built; in October, 5 teams were drawn from the * * * commune, and the elder sister took the commune. In January 1975, the original area under the jurisdiction of kachang cultural station was set up from Mengnong commune. In March 1982, the * * West District Office was set up to provide an office for the county people's government to assist the county government in leading the 3 communes of CACI, manzhang and Zha. In April 1984, the commune and brigade were abolished, the district and township system was restored, and Zhanxi District Office was transformed into Zhanxi Office (deputy county level). The four villages of shangshangshangsa, tiantouzhai, xiashangsa and gulika, originally belonging to Longchuan County, are located in Yingjiang County. In January 1987, the district and township system reform, the original old city gangmeng, Fulian, shousa Township part of the village and community and nongzhang District Binghui Township part of the village and community to set up gangmeng township; the original old city to township level town system; the original Lianhua Mountain Shenglong township to plain town; the original Sudian District Heihe township to kachang township. In July 1988, Zhanxi office was transformed into a working group of the county Party committee and the county government in Zhanxi (department level), which was abolished in July 1994. In April 1996, napang town was established. In May 2001, the original four townships of Longzhang, Zhanxi, Xima and kachang were abolished and changed to township system. In October 2005, Lianhuashan Township and gangmeng Township were abolished and Pingyuan town was merged; jiemao township was abolished and Longzhang town was merged; mangyun Township and Taiping Township were abolished and Taiping town was rebuilt. After the merger, there were 8 towns and 7 townships in the county.

Zoning details

As of 2016, Yingjiang county had jurisdiction over 8 towns (plain * *, Taiping Town, old town, Zhan Zhang Town, Xima Town, nbang state, Kagang Town, and Zhan Xi Town), 7 townships (copper wall Guan Township, Pinus tabulaeformis, Xincheng, manzhang Township, Zha Township, Meng Nong Township, Su Du Lisu township), 1151 villagers group, and 1 farms (4 sub farms). The government is based in Pingyuan town.

geographical environment

Location context

Yingjiang County is located in the west of Yunnan Province and the northwest of Dehong Prefecture, between 97 ° 31 ′～ 98 ° 16 ′ E and 24 ° 24 ′～ 25 ° 20 ′ n. it borders Tengchong County in the northeast, Lianghe County in the southeast, Longchuan County in the South and Myanmar in the west, northwest and southwest, with a total area of 4429 square kilometers, accounting for 38.4% of the total land area of the prefecture. The county town is 153 kilometers from the capital city of Kunming, 735 kilometers from the capital city of Kunming, 197 kilometers from Myitkyina, and 131 kilometers from Burma Bhamo.

topographic features

Yingjiang County is located in the southwest of Hengduan Mountains, which is the extension of Himalayas. It is a mountainous terrain formed by the southwest of Gaoligong Mountain. In the territory, low mountains and wide valley basins crisscross with each other. The terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, with great fluctuation. The altitude of Daxueshan is 3404.6 meters, which is the highest point in the territory; the altitude of nabanglasha estuary is 210 meters, which is the lowest point in the territory. The mountains, rivers, basins and geotectonic lines of the whole county are basically the same, forming a geomorphic landscape of "two mountains with one dam and one river" from northeast to southwest, which can be roughly divided into the following types: subalpine deep cutting steep valley terrain, middle mountain deep cutting steep slope terrain, middle mountain middle cutting hillside terrain, low middle mountain shallow cutting hilly terrain, mountain valley alluvial plain and local area Alluvial fan topography, natural caves. due to the long-term erosion of Daying River, Binglang River, Mengjia River and Menglai River, the surface has been flattened into 10 plains and basins with different altitudes, sizes and gentle fluctuation, covering an area of 638.48 square kilometers, accounting for 14.8% of the total area of the county. Yingjiang County has a land area of 130.21 square kilometers with an altitude of more than 2500 meters, accounting for 3.02% of the total area of the county; 1983.83 square kilometers with an altitude of 1500-2500 meters, accounting for 46.01%; 1983.11 square kilometers with an altitude of 800-1500 meters, accounting for 45.97%; 215.5 square kilometers with an altitude of less than 800 meters, accounting for 5.0%. In terms of geomorphology, it can be divided into basins and mountains. The mountainous area is 3673.60 square kilometers, accounting for 85.2% of the total area of the county. Most of them belong to middle and low mountains, without high mountains above 3500 meters above sea level. They are mainly distributed in the northeast and southwest, both of which belong to the southwest end of Hengduan Mountains and the South extension branch of Gaoligong Mountain. According to the regional distribution and trend in the county, it can be divided into the Daniang mountains in the West and the Daying mountains in the East.

hydrology

The average annual groundwater runoff of Yingjiang County is 2.1 billion cubic meters, with an average groundwater runoff depth of 488.6 mm, accounting for 31.3% of the natural runoff. The self production of surface water in the territory is 6.703 billion cubic meters, plus the inflow from other counties, a total of 10.435 billion cubic meters. There are 43 rivers with the lowest flow greater than 0.5 m3 / s. according to their topography and flow direction, they are divided into four river systems: Daying River, Mengjia River, Jieyang River and Longjiang River, all belonging to the Irrawaddy branch. The Dayingjiang water system is distributed in the middle and low mountains and wide valley basins in the East and south of the county,

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng De Hong Dai Zu Jing Po Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Ying Jiang Xian