Qi County, Hebi City, Henan Province

Qi County, belonging to Hebi City, is the capital of the Shang Dynasty and the capital of the Wei state of the Zhou Dynasty. It is the place where the story of Fengshenbang is deduced. It is a famous historical and cultural city in the Central Plains, which is often seen in the book of songs. The surnames of Lin, Wei, Kang and Yin, and the surnames of Kang and Qin in Korea all originated here. They are the important birthplace of Chinese surnames and the hometown of Jingke.

Qi county is located in the north of Henan Province, with a total area of 567.43 square kilometers, a forest coverage rate of 21.7%, and a total population of 269100 (2011). It is 480 km away from Beijing in the north and 95 km away from Zhengzhou in the south. Beijing Guangzhou railway, Beijing Hong Kong Macao expressway, Beijing Hong Kong high speed railway and 107 national highway run through the whole territory from north to south. The national west to east gas transmission project and south to North Water Diversion project pass by the city in the West.

Historical evolution

Qi county was called Chaoge in ancient times, also known as Yin state, Yage, Chaoge and Linqi.

The Shang Dynasty was the capital of four emperors.

In the Zhou Dynasty, the capital of Wei state, Chaoge was held in 831. In the spring and Autumn period, it was changed into chaogeyi, belonging to the state of Jin. The Warring States period belongs to the state of Wei.

In the Qin Dynasty, chaogeyi belonged to Sanchuan county.

At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, set up the state of Yin in Wei, and the capital was set up in Chaoge.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, Chaoge county was set up in the former site of Yin state, belonging to Hanoi county. In the new Wang Mang period, the song of court was changed into song of songs.

Chaoge county was restored in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Wei county was changed in the Jian'an period. During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Chao Ge was promoted as a county by Cao Wei, which belonged to Jizhou and governed six counties, namely Chao Ge, Ji, Gong, Linwu, Huojia and Xiuwu.

In Jin Dynasty, Chaoge county was changed to Ji County, which belongs to Jizhou.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, the regime of Liu Song was changed to Chaoge County, which belonged to Hanoi county. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Linqi county was set up in the northwest, belonging to Linwu county. In the first year of Tianping of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Chaoge county was restored. In the second year of Tianping of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Chaoge county was divided into two parts, Weide County in the north. Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty changed Yizhou (now Weihui in Henan Province) to Jijun, where he ruled Chaoge.

In the early Sui Dynasty, Jijun was changed into Weizhou. In the second year of Daye (AD 606), Qi county and Chaoge county were abolished, Weixian county was changed, and Jijun county was changed into county government.

In the first year of Zhenguan (627 A.D.) of the Tang Dynasty, the song Yin Ruins was changed to the west of Lutai Township, Wei county. Five Dynasties period, Song Dynasty period, Jin period because of this.

In the fifth year of Xianzong of Yuan Dynasty (1255 AD), Qizhou was set up in Lutai Township, Wei county was abandoned as a collection and Linqi county was set up; in the third year of Yuan Dynasty (1266 AD), Linqi county was abandoned and entered Qizhou.

In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368 AD), Qizhou was changed to Qixian, belonging to Weihui Prefecture.

In the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.

Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, Qi county is under the jurisdiction of Anyang. In 1954, Qi county was merged into Tangyin county. In 1962, Qi county was restored. In 1986, it was under the jurisdiction of Hebi City.

administrative division

As of 2014, Qi county has 5 townships (Gaocun Town, Beiyang Town, Xigang Town, Miaokou Town, Huangdong township) and 4 streets (Chaoge street, qiaomeng street, Weidu street, Lingshan Street).

leadership ranks

Wang Haitao: Secretary of Qi county Party committee

County head: Ma Haipeng

geographical environment

Regional location

Qi county lies on the Taihang Mountains in the West and connects with Linzhou City, Qi River and Junxian County in the East, Hebi City in the north and Weihui City in the south. It is between 35 ° 30 ′ 05 "n to 35 ° 48 ′ 2" 6 and 113 ° 59 ′ 23 "e to 114 ° 17 ′ 54".

Geology and geomorphology

Cambrian and Ordovician strata are widely exposed in Qixian area, while Precambrian strata are rarely exposed. Only Archean metamorphic rocks in bedrock area can be seen, forming unconformity contact with Sinian and basaltic strata. The Sinian system is only tens of meters thick, even missing. There is no upper Ordovician to lower Carboniferous in Paleozoic. Because of the Cenozoic coverage, the upper Carboniferous is not fully exposed, and the Permian is not exposed, which can only be seen from the boreholes. There are upper and lower Tertiary and Quaternary in Cenozoic.

Qi county is high in the northwest, low in the southeast, mountainous areas in the West and northwest, plains and potwa in the East and Southeast, surrounded by water in the north, East and south, and all inland rivers converge to the southeast. The altitude of western mountainous areas is mostly 100 to 1000 meters, with the highest of 1019 meters. In the eastern pingpo area, the height is below 100 meters, the lowest altitude is 63.8 meters, and the height difference is 955.2 meters. There are seven kinds of ground slope: flat slope, gentle slope, slope, steep slope, steep slope, dangerous slope and steep slope, all of which change with the change of flat slope.

Qi county is rich in landform and resources. The terrain is high in the West and low in the East, with mountains, hills, plains and potholes, of which the hilly area accounts for two-thirds.

climate

Qi county is located in the north temperate zone with obvious seasonal variation. The longest sunshine in summer solstice is 14 hours and 35 minutes. The shortest time is 9 hours and 44 minutes in winter solstice, 12 hours in spring equinox and autumn equinox. The annual average surface temperature of Qi county is 16.7 ℃, the highest average is 32.1 ℃ in June, and the coldest average is - 0.8 ℃ in January. The annual average daily temperature is 13.9 ℃. The warmest year is 14.7 ℃, and the coldest year is 13.0 ℃. The highest monthly average temperature is 26.9 ℃ in July and the lowest is 0.9 ℃ in January. The average temperature is 14.2 ℃ in spring, 26.2 ℃ in summer, 14.3 ℃ in autumn and 0.5 ℃ in winter.

The annual average frost free period of Qi county is 209 days, the longest is 233 days (1965), and the shortest is 177 days (1981). The average first frost date is on October 27, the earliest on October 9 (1981) and the latest on November 17 (1965). The average final frost date is April 3, the earliest is March 23 (1977), the latest is April 24 (1988, 1990). The average annual precipitation (including rain, snow and hail) in Qi county is 605.2 mm. In 1963, the maximum was 1164 mm, and in 1965, the minimum was 360.6 mm. Qi county is located between Taihang Mountains and huolonggang in xunxian County, forming a long and narrow wind passage in north-south direction, which is one of the counties with strong wind in the whole province. The wind direction is mostly North and south, and the wind force is mostly 4.5.

soil

In 2010, the cultivated land of Qi county was 322900 mu, and the average farmer was 1.5 mu. In addition, there are 365000 mu of barren hills, hills and ditches where trees and grass can be planted to develop forestry and animal husbandry. In addition, rivers, reservoirs, ditches and ponds cover an area of more than 34000 mu, and the water surface can be used to develop fishery and aquatic economic crops.

In 2010, the total soil area of Qi county was 720000 mu, which was divided into 3 soil types, 7 sub types, 14 soil genera and 32 soil species, including cinnamon soil, fluvo aquic soil and paddy soil. Among them, the area of cinnamon soil is 650000 mu, that of fluvo aquic soil is 70000 mu, and that of paddy soil is more than 200 mu.

hydrology

Qi county belongs to the Haihe River Basin. There are 15 main rivers with a total length of 222.9 km. There are 4 boundary rivers with a total length of 56.7 km, 11 inland rivers with a total length of 166.2 km, and 773 drainage ditches with a total length of 195 km in Powa area. The largest boundary river is Qi River, and the largest inland river is zhetii River (aoshui), sideHe River (meigou) and zhaojiaqu. Qi county is rich in water resources with good water quality, but its spatial distribution is uneven. The annual average total precipitation is 410 million cubic meters. Except for evaporation and infiltration, the average runoff depth is 162 mm, and the annual total runoff is 84.371 million cubic meters. Most of the surface runoff occurs in rainy season, especially in flood season. In addition to some infiltration to supplement groundwater, most of the surface runoff flows out of the country along the river side, Qi, Xiaozhu and bamigou. The actual annual consumption is only 11 million cubic meters, accounting for only 13% of the total annual runoff. There are more than 20 drop sills more than 5 meters away, which can produce certain force and energy. Water mills, water mills and water pumps can be installed, and small hydropower stations can be built for those with large drop differences.

The vast majority of springs in the county are of good quality, such as Taihe spring, Shuiliandong spring, Lingshan spring, Yuquan spring, etc., which contain trace elements beneficial to human body. Some springs can produce mineral water, such as yangjinzhuang, Tiexi, etc., after preliminary verification by testing departments. There are many hilly areas in Qi County, and there are springs overflowing on both sides of Gouhe river. According to the survey in 1980, there are 77 living springs in the whole area. There are 48 perennial springs and 29 seasonal springs.

natural resources

mineral resources

Up to 2010, the mineral resources of Qi county are: exploration limestone, dolomite, granite, marble, Muyushi, basalt, etc. The proven reserves are 600 million tons of limestone, 200 million tons of dolomite, 100 million tons of basalt, 70 million tons of granite and 20 million tons of underground coal.

Biological resources

The main plants in Qi county are higher plants, including angiosperms, gymnosperms, pteridophytes and bryophytes, 114 families, more than 300 genera and 416 species. There are 202 cultivated plants and 259 wild plants.

There are 77 kinds of crops, belonging to 18 families. Food crops, legumes, potatoes, oil crops, vegetables, fungi, etc. There are 91 species of trees, belonging to 35 families, including aquatic crops and flower crops. Rare plants are Zizyphus jujube, pruritus tree, camphor tree, Ginkgo biloba, nameless tree, Bijie tree, etc. There are more than 100 kinds of medicinal plants in Qi County, which belong to more than 70 families.

Animals include breeding animals, livestock include cattle, horses, donkeys, mules, pigs, sheep, rabbits, etc. Poultry include chickens, ducks and geese. There are molluscs in wild animals, such as earthworms and leeches. Arthropods such as bees, silkworms, etc. Amphibians, reptiles, fish, birds, mammals. Rare animals include four legged snake, tiger, grass carp, badger, snake and so on.

Economics

overview

In 2013, the local GDP of Qi county exceeded 17 billion yuan, an increase of 14% compared with 2012; the investment in fixed assets of the whole society exceeded 11 billion yuan, an increase of 25% compared with 2012; the added value of industries above Designated Size exceeded 13 billion yuan, an increase of 2%

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng He Bi Shi Qi Xian