Hechuan District, Chongqing Municipality

Hechuan District, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and northwest of Chongqing, is a municipal district under the jurisdiction of Chongqing. Hechuan district is one of the six satellite cities in Chongqing and an important strategic fulcrum city in the main metropolitan area of Chongqing. It is located in the third ring of Chongqing and adjacent to Liangjiang New District. It is the first stop for China Europe train (Chongqing) to enter Chongqing. It is located in the heart of Chengdu Chongqing Economic Zone. By 2020, it covers an area of 2344.07 square kilometers, governs 7 sub district offices, 23 towns and has a permanent resident population of 1.56 million.

Hechuan district is one of the birthplaces of Ba culture. There are fishing City, Laitan ancient town and other famous historical and cultural sites in Hechuan district. Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Senkai, Lu Zuofu, Tao Xingzhi and other celebrities of past dynasties have taught and started businesses here. It is the hometown of Liu literature, the first young hero in New China.

Hechuan district is the main traffic road from Chongqing to Shaanxi, Gansu and other places, and the transportation hub in Northwest Chongqing and Northeast Sichuan. Hechuan district is a confluence of three rivers with abundant reserves of coal, rock salt, natural gas, strontium and limestone. It is the largest glass production base in central and Western China. It is known as "Mecca city in the East, where God breaks the whip", and is famous for "Hechuan peach slice".

On October 22, 2018, it was selected into the list of pilot areas for the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries in 2018.

Historical evolution

The ancient name of Hechuan was Dianjiang River (originally known as Yaojiang River, which was taken from the confluence of Jiajiang River and Fujiang River at Yazui in the north of the city. It was mistakenly recorded as Dianjiang River in the geographical records of the Han Dynasty and has been followed up to now).

Hechuan was the main residence of Pu people before Ba people came to Sichuan; bazicheng, the ancient city of Hechuan (now at the foot of Tongliang mountain), was once the capital of Ba people.

Dianjiang County was established in the 11th year of emperor Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (314 BC). The county governs the present Hechuan, wusheng, Tongliang, Anyue and Yuechi counties, and is subordinate to Bajun county. The county governs the present Hechuan.

In the second year of the first two years of the Western Han Dynasty, Dianjiang County was still under the jurisdiction of Hechuan County, wusheng County, Tongliang County, Dazu County, Anyue County and Tongnan County.

In the sixth year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (201), it was transferred to Brazil County of Yizhou.

In 237, the 15th year of Jianxing in Shuhan Dynasty, it was transferred to Ba County of Yizhou.

In the first year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405), it was transferred to Bazhou. Yixi eight years (413 years) to Ba Jun.

During the Yuanjia period of the Southern Song Dynasty (424-453), dongdangqu county was set up, which belongs to Liangzhou and now governs Heyang town. The name of Dangqu originates from Dangqu river. Dongdangqu County governs Dangqu county.

In the Jianyuan period of Qi Dynasty (479-482), due to the migration of Liao people from Guizhou into Jialing River and Qujiang River Basin, dongdangqu county was changed into dongdangquliao County, which belongs to Liangzhou. The county government is still in Heyang town. Dongdangquliao county has three counties: Dangqu County, Pingzhou county and early Han county.

During the reign of Liang Datong (535-545) in the Southern Dynasty, dongdangquliao county was divided into Xinxing County, Pingzhou county and early Han county were divided, and only Dangqu county was under its jurisdiction. In the fourth year of the Qing Dynasty (550), dongdangqu county was renamed dongdangqu county.

In 556, the third year of emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty, Hezhou was established. It was named after the confluence of Fujiang River and Jialing River. It is governed by Heyang town. Hezhou governs 4 counties and 7 counties: Dianjiang (formerly dongdangqu county), Qingju (formerly Xinxing County), dongsuining, Huaihua and Shijing (Hechuan), early Han (wusheng), Qingju (south of Nanchong City), Fangyi (Suining City), Deyang (southeast of Suining City Central District) There are 7 counties in Yangtze River (Pengxi) and Shixing (Tongnan).

In the early Sui Dynasty, Dianjiang County was abolished. In 598, Hezhou changed its name to Fuzhou. Kaihuang years, set up Chishui County, under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou. Daye three years (607) and renamed Fuling County, jurisdiction of three counties: Shijing County, early Han county, Chishui county.

Tang Wude first year (618) renamed Hezhou, belonging to jiannandao. Tianbao first year (742), renamed Bachuan county. In the early years of Qianyuan (758), it was renamed Hezhou. Hezhou governs six counties: Shijing County, early Han county, Chishui County, Xinming County, Tongliang County and Bachuan county.

In the third year of Qiande of Song Dynasty (865), Shijing county was changed into Shizhao County, belonging to Bachuan County of Tongchuan Fu Lu Hezhou. In 1071, Chishui county was merged into Tongliang County. In 1074, Chishui county was reestablished. In 1243, as an anti Mongolian soldier, he built a new city in Diaoyu mountain, 5 kilometers east of the city. The prefecture government moved to Diaoyu City.

At the end of Song Dynasty, the Mongolian army invaded the South on a large scale. In February of the first year of Kaiqing (1259) in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Mongolian army officially launched the war of fishing city in Hezhou (now Hechuan District) of Tongchuan Fu Road. In July, mengge of Yuan Xianzong, who was known as "the whip of God", was killed by stray bullets. Since then, the Mongolian kings in the Eurasian battlefields returned to fight for Khan's throne, which made the Southern Song Dynasty last for 20 years, and even changed the pattern of Eurasian battlefields. Hechuan fishing city was not occupied until the first month of the second year of Xiangxing (1279). For more than 36 years, the defense of Diaoyu City has written a rare example in the history of Chinese and foreign wars in which the weak prevailed over the strong. Therefore, it is known by Europeans as "Mecca of the East" and "the place where God breaks the whip".

In the first month of 1279 (the 16th year of the Yuan Dynasty), song General Wang Li descended from the city, and Hezhou and Shizhao counties returned to the old rule. Tongchuan road was removed in 1283. Hezhou is a San County, and Chishui county is merged into Shizhao county. In the 22nd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1285), Hezhou was transferred to Sichuan Province and other places. It was on Chongqing Road in Zhongshu province.

In 1368, Shizhao county was incorporated into Hezhou, which belonged to Chongqing government. Later, the counties under the jurisdiction of Hezhou were set out one after another. In 1728, Hezhou became a single Prefecture no longer under the jurisdiction of counties, which was under the jurisdiction of Chongqing government of Sichuan Province.

In 1913, Hezhou was renamed Hechuan county.

In 1950, Hechuan county was under the jurisdiction of Bishan Commissioner's office.

In 1951, Bishan district was renamed Jiangjin District, and Hechuan county was under the jurisdiction of Jiangjin District of Sichuan Province.

In April 1952, the Chengguan District of Hechuan county was designated and the city of Hechuan was added.

In January 1958, with the approval of the State Council, the establishment of Hechuan City was cancelled, and the original area under the jurisdiction of Hechuan City was changed to Chengguan town of Hechuan county.

In 1981, Jiangjin area of Sichuan Province was renamed Yongchuan area.

In March 1983, Yongchuan District was abolished and 8 counties in Yongchuan District were included in Chongqing City, Sichuan Province. Hechuan county was under the jurisdiction of Chongqing city.

On August 4, 1992, the Ministry of Civil Affairs (No. 89 of the people's Bank of China) approved the abolition of Hechuan county and the establishment of Hechuan City at the county level.

In 1997, Chongqing was restored as a municipality directly under the central government, and Hechuan was subordinate to Chongqing municipality directly under the central government.

On June 26, 2000, Chongqing Municipal People's Government (Yufu No. 131) approved the relocation of Hechuan Municipal People's government from No. 31 Sujia street, Heyang city to Zhongnan village, Nanjin Street.

In 2000, Hechuan had jurisdiction over 6 streets, 50 towns and 8 townships.

On June 5, 2001, Chongqing Municipal People's government agreed that Hechuan City should adjust its original 50 towns, 8 townships and 6 sub district offices to 36 towns and 3 sub district offices. After the adjustment, the average area of villages and towns increased from 37.7 square kilometers to 60.7 square kilometers, and the average population of villages and towns increased from 22000 to 36000.

In 2002, Hechuan City had jurisdiction over 3 sub district offices, 36 towns, 95 neighborhood committees and 529 village committees. At the end of the year, the total registered residence was 1 million 509 thousand and 900, of which 263 thousand and 200 were non agricultural.

On April 19, 2005, Chongqing Municipal People's Government approved Hechuan to adjust 36 towns and 3 sub district offices to 27 towns and 3 sub district offices.

On February 23, 2006, according to the reply of Chongqing Municipal People's Government on the cross town adjustment of some villages in Hechuan City, the cross town adjustment of some villages in Hechuan City was carried out.

On October 22, 2006, the State Council approved to abolish Hechuan City and establish Hechuan District of Chongqing. The former administrative region of Hechuan City is the administrative region of Hechuan District, and the people's Government of Hechuan district is located in Nanjin Street.

In December 2011, four communities and some resident groups of three communities in heyangcheng Street area, east of North bridgehead of No.1 Fujiang bridge, south of North Ring Road and east of national highway 212, were included in yuyucheng street.

administrative division

Hechuan District of Chongqing has 7 sub district offices and 23 towns. The District People's government is located at 222 hill'an Avenue, postal code: 401520.

Streets: heyangcheng street, fishing city street, Nanjin Street, Yunmen street, Dashi street, Caojie street, Yanjing street.

Towns: Qiantang Town, Shayu Town, Guandu town, Laitan Town, Longshi Town, Xiaojia Town, Gulou Town, Sanmiao Town, YANWO Town, Erlang Town, Longfeng Town, Taihe Town, Longxing Town, Tongxi Town, Weituo Town, Shuangfeng town, Shitan Town, Qingping Town, Tuchang Town, Xiaomian Town, Sanhui town, Xianglong Town, shuanghuai town.

geographical environment

Location context

Hechuan district is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, northwest of Chongqing, 56 kilometers away from the nine districts of Chongqing. The geographical coordinates are between 105.58'37 "e to 106.40'37" and 29.51'02 "n to 30.22'24". It is adjacent to Yubei District in the East, Beibei District and Bishan District in the south, Tongliang district and Tongnan County in the west, Huaying City, Yuechi County, wusheng County and Pengxi County in the north. It is 69 kilometers wide from east to west and 58 kilometers from north to south. Hechuan district covers an area of 2344.07 square kilometers.

landforms

Hechuan is located at the junction of hills in Central Sichuan and parallel mountains and valleys in eastern Sichuan. The whole terrain is roughly divided into two types: parallel mountains and valleys and gentle hills. The exposed strata from old to new include Paleozoic Permian, Mesozoic Triassic, Jurassic and Cenozoic Quaternary. Among them, Jurassic is the most widely distributed area, accounting for more than three-quarters of Hechuan area. In the Jurassic, Shaxi is the most important

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