Yangquan City, Shanxi Province

Yangquan Yangquan City, a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Shanxi Province, was called "Yangquan" in ancient times. It is located in the Middle East of Shanxi Province, adjacent to Xinzhou City in the north, facing Shijiazhuang city across Taihang Mountain in the East, Taiyuan City in the West and Jinzhong City in the south. With a total area of 4559 square kilometers, it is a new industrial city. Yangquan is located in the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau, which belongs to the eastern mountain of Shanxi Province. The landform in Yangquan is mainly mountainous, and the rest are hills and plains. It is a warm temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate zone. By 2019, Yangquan City has jurisdiction over three districts and two counties, with a total population of 1417500.

Yangquan is the gateway of the three Jin Dynasties. It is located in the middle of Taiyuan and Shijiazhuang, with a distance of 100 kilometers. Yangquan is also located in the junction zone between the eastern developed areas and the central and western regions. It is also located in the reasonable transportation sector of the two economic zones around the Bohai Sea and the Yangtze River Delta. It can go out of the Bohai Sea through Tianjin, Qingdao and Huanghua port. There are the ninth pass and Niangziguan of the Great Wall, the tourist attraction of the Tibetan mountain, the Guanshan academy, the former residence of Shi Pingmei, the hot spring of liangjiazhai, and the shinaoshan Forest Park, which is mainly composed of the memorial buildings of the hundred regiments war.

Since the 1980s, Yangquan has made use of the advantages of coal resources to achieve rapid economic development, leading Shanxi cities all the way, known as "little Shanghai". In 2019, Yangquan's GDP will reach 71.89 billion yuan, an increase of 5.0% at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1.18 billion yuan, an increase of 1.9%; the added value of the secondary industry was 32.73 billion yuan, an increase of 4.4%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 37.98 billion yuan, an increase of 5.6%; the composition of the three industries was adjusted from 1.5:47.0:51.5 in 2018 to 1.6:45.5:52.9. The per capita GDP is 50775 yuan, which is 7360 US dollars according to the average exchange rate in 2019.

At present, Yangquan city is committed to building "five cities create together", Jindong Tourism Center City, Jindong comprehensive transportation hub and the bridgehead of Shanxi's Eastward Development. In 2020, Yangquan city will be included in the list of national health cities.

Historical evolution

Yangquan City has a long history. According to the research of cultural relics unearthed in Northwest Pingding, such as Zaoyan and daliangding in the 1950s, human beings lived and multiplied here in the middle of the Paleolithic age.

In Tang Dynasty, Yuxia and Shang Dynasty, Yangquan city is said to be the place of ancient Jizhou.

In the spring and Autumn period, there was a state of Qiu you in today's Yu County.

In the 12th year of King Zhending of Zhou Dynasty (457 BC), Jin Qing Zhi Bo destroyed Qiu you; in the 16th year (453 BC), Han, Zhao and Wei divided into Jin, and the city belonged to Zhao. Qin belongs to Taiyuan county.

At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Shangai county was set up in the city. The county government is located in Xincheng village of Pingding County, which belongs to Taiyuan County of Bingzhou.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shangai County belonged to the state of Changshan in Jizhou.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the north and South belonged to Leping county and Xinxing County respectively.

The Western Jin Dynasty followed the old system of Cao Wei.

In the Sixteen States of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Li belonged to the former Zhao, the later Zhao, the ran Wei, the former Yan, the former Qin, the later Yan, the Northern Wei and other states. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the north and the South belonged to shi'ai County, Leping County, Bingzhou and Dingxiang County, Xinxing County, Sizhou. After the whole territory is the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi. In Sui Dynasty, Weize county was set up in Niangziguan, which belonged to Jingzhou and was abolished later; in Yu County, Yuanqiu county (later renamed Yu County) was set up, which belonged to liaozhou with shiai county.

In the early Tang Dynasty, shi'ai and Yu County belonged to Bingzhou and Taiyuan respectively. In the first year of Tianbao (742), shi'ai was renamed Guangyang and moved to Guangyang county to govern Guangyang village.

The five dynasties belong to the later Tang Dynasty, the later Jin Dynasty, the later Han Dynasty and the northern Han Dynasty.

In 979, Guangyang county was changed into Pingding County. The county government moved back to Pingding Shangcheng and was subordinate to Pingding army. Yu County belonged to Bingzhou. Later, Pingding County and Yu County belonged to Hedong road.

Jinshengping Dingzhou and Yuzhou belong to Hedong road and hedongbei road.

Yuan belongs to Jining road.

In the Ming Dynasty, Yuzhou was reduced to a county, belonging to Taiyuan Prefecture of Shanxi Province as well as Pingding Prefecture.

In the second year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty (1724), Zhili Prefecture was pacified, and Yuxian and Shouyang counties were added as the leading counties, belonging to Shanxi Province.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was Pingding County and Yu County, belonging to Jining road of Shanxi Province. During the Anti Japanese War, Pingding was divided into Pingding (Lubei) County, Pingding (dingdong) county and Pingping (Dingxi) County; Yu county was divided into Yu (Xian) Pingshan County, Yu (Xian) Yangqu county and Yu (Xian) Shouyang County; Pingding (dingdong) county and Pingding (Dingxi) County in the south of Zhengtai railway belong to Shanxi Hebei Shandong Henan border region, and the counties in the north belong to Shanxi Chahar Hebei border region. During the war of liberation, Pingding and Yuxian gradually restored their original buildings.

On May 4, 1947, Yangquan City was established as a part of Pingding County, which was renamed Yangquan industrial and mining area. Yangquan City (industrial and mining area) is under the jurisdiction of North China joint administrative committee, North China People's government and Shanxi Province.

After the founding of new China, Yangquan City was managed by Jinzhong (Yuci) region (special office) several times, while Pingding County and Yu County were managed by Jinzhong (Yuci) region (special office). It is located in urban area, suburb and mining area successively.

In September 1983, the system of city governing county was implemented. Pingding County and Yu County were assigned to Yangquan City. Yangquan City became a city under the jurisdiction of two counties (Pingding County and Yu County) and three districts (city, mine and suburb) directly under the central government of Shanxi Province.

administrative division

As of March 2018, Yangquan City has jurisdiction over Pingding County, Yu county and three districts including urban area, mining area and suburb. Pingding County governs 8 towns, 2 townships, 7 communities and 322 villages; Yu County governs 8 towns, 6 townships and 453 villages; urban area governs 1 town, 6 streets, 14 villages and 50 communities; mining area governs 6 streets, 38 communities and 18 villages; suburban area governs 3 towns, 4 townships and 147 villages. The people's Government of Yangquan city is located at 23 South Street of the city.

geographical environment

Location context

Yangquan city is located in the east wing of the central part of Shanxi Province, with the geographical coordinates of 112 ° 5 ′ - 114 ° 4 ′ E and 37 ° 40 ′ - 38 ° 31 ′ n. It is located in the west of the central Taihang Mountain, adjacent to Dingxiang County and Wutai County of Xinzhou in the north, Pingshan County and Jingxing County of Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province in the East, Xiyang County of Jinzhong in the south, Shouyang County of Jinzhong and Yangqu County of Taiyuan in the West. It is about 106 km long from north to South and 42 km wide from east to west. The city covers an area of 4559 square kilometers.

topographic features

Yangquan city is located in the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau, which belongs to the eastern mountainous area of Shanxi Province. The landform in the territory is mainly mountainous, and the rest is hilly and plain. The mountains include nine mountains. There is niudaoling mountain range on the northern city boundary, which is located at the junction of Zhoushan and Taihang Mountains. There are two mountains on the boundary of northwest city, which is the branch of Zhoushan. The rest of the mountains line up in east-west columns. From north to south, they are Baima Mountain range, Qiulin mountain range, Mianshan mountain range and Aishan mountain range. They belong to the middle part of Taihang Mountain, with the altitude of 700-1700m. Taihang Mountain is the boundary mountain of Hebei and Shanxi provinces. Its east slope is steep, and its foothill connects with the North China Plain which is less than 100 meters above sea level; its west slope is gentle, and its mountains and hills are rolling. The Western column consists of three mountains, namely the northern mountain range, the southern mountain range and the Qiling mountain range. Although the altitude is high, the undulation of the ground is gentle. Among the mountains, there are some Intermountain basins, mainly Xiyan basin in the west, Yucheng basin in the middle and Pingding basin in the south.

climate

Yangquan city is a warm temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate zone. Due to the influence of monsoon and complex terrain, the climate in different areas is quite different. The general characteristics are: long winter and summer, short spring and autumn, four distinct seasons; sufficient sunshine, large temperature difference between day and night; severe drought in spring, hot and rainy in summer, rapid cooling in autumn, cold and dry in winter. The annual average value of total solar radiation is 134 kcal / cm2, and the actual sunshine hours are 2700-2900 hours. The average annual temperature is 8-12 ℃. The accumulated temperature above or equal to 10 ℃ is 2400-3000 ℃, and the average frost free period is 130-180 days. The annual precipitation is 450-550 mm. The vertical change of regional climate is significant.

hydrology

In addition to 22 square meters in the west of Yangquan City, which belongs to the Yellow River Basin alone, the rest belong to the Haihe River Basin. There are more than 60 rivers in the territory, 34 of which have a drainage area of more than 10 square kilometers, 7 of which have a drainage area of more than 300 square kilometers and a river length of more than 30 kilometers, all belong to the Haihe River system. Hutuo River and Mianhe River are the main rivers in the territory. Hutuo River flows through the northern part of the city. It is the northern source of Ziya River, one of the five major rivers of Haihe River system. The main tributaries in the city are Wuhe River, Longhua River, Shitang River, etc. Mianhe river is formed by the confluence of Wenhe River and Taohe River, which is distributed in the middle and south of the city; after leaving the country, Mianhe River confluences with gantao River (Songxi River) and flows into Hutuo River. In addition, there are a number of rivers that directly exit the country.

natural resources

water resource

The total amount of water resources in Yangquan city is 1.584 billion cubic meters per year. Among them, the river runoff is 1382 million cubic meters / year (including 490 million cubic meters / year of the local river and 892 million cubic meters / year of the inflow rivers from other regions), the groundwater resources is 543 million cubic meters / year (including 435 million cubic meters / year of the local groundwater resources and 108 million cubic meters / year of the inflow groundwater resources from other regions), and the repeated amount of river runoff and groundwater is 341 million cubic meters / year . The per capita local water resources of Yangquan city is only 562 m3 / year, slightly higher than that of Shanxi Province 546 m3 / year, less than 1 / 4 of the national per capita water resources of 2400 m3 / year, only 1 / 8 of the world per capita water resources.

plant resources

The habitat of Yangquan city is complex and there are many kinds of plants. According to Engeler gilger classification system, there are 437 species in 93 families;

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Yang Quan Shi