Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province

Jiujiang Jiujiang, or "Xun" for short, is a prefecture level city with districts in Jiangxi Province. It was called Chaisang, Jiangzhou and Xunyang in ancient times. It is a famous city in the south of the Yangtze River with a history of more than 2200 years. Located at the intersection of the two economic development zones of the Yangtze River and the Beijing Kowloon Railway, it is a central port city in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is one of the first five open cities along the Yangtze River in China. It is also a transitional zone between the eastern coastal development and the central and western development. It is known as "the mouth of the three rivers, the thoroughfare of seven provinces" and "the eye-catching place in the world", and is also known as "the north gate of Jiangxi".

Jiujiang is 270 km long from east to west and 140 km wide from north to south, with a total area of 19084.61 square kilometers, accounting for 11.3% of the total area of Jiangxi Province. By the end of 2019, the city's total population will be 4.9203 million. It has jurisdiction over Xunyang District, Lianxi District, Chaisang District, Wuning County, Xiushui County, Yongxiu County, De'an County, Duchang County, Hukou County, Pengze County, Ruichang City, Lushan City, Jiujiang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Gongqing City, Lushan Scenic Area Administration Bureau, Lushan Xihai scenic area and BALIHU New Area.

Jiujiang is one of the regional central cities in Jiangxi Province, a dual core city of Chang Jiu integration, a sub central city of the urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake, a member city of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, a fulcrum city of the Yangtze River economic belt, and a regional modern central city of Jiangxi, Hubei, Anhui and Hunan.

Jiujiang is positioned as one of China's top 100 cities, national regional center city, national type II metropolis, national comprehensive transportation hub, Poyang Lake Ecological Science and Technology City, national advanced manufacturing base, international gateway of Yangtze River shipping hub, and Jiangxi regional cooperation and innovation demonstration zone. Jiujiang metropolitan area is one of the three major metropolitan areas cultivated and developed by Jiangxi Province. Jiujiang is one of the first five open cities along the Yangtze River in China. It is also the only international trade port city in Jiangxi Province. Jiujiang port is the fourth largest port on the Yangtze River and a national first-class port.

Historical evolution

Pre Qin Dynasty

In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Jiujiang belonged to Jingzhou and Yangzhou respectively; in the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to Wu and Chu respectively, which was known as "the head of Wu and the tail of Chu"; in the Warring States period, there were many changes: in the third year of King yuan of Zhou (473 BC), Yue destroyed Wu, which belonged to Yue; in the 35th year of King Xian of Zhou (334 BC), Chu defeated Yue, which belonged to Chu.

In the Shang Dynasty, there was a Marquis of AI, whose capital was built in the upper reaches of Xiuhe River, and its jurisdiction was mainly in Xiushui, Tonggu, Wuning and Yongxiu. After King Wu conquered the Shang Dynasty, there was a Marquis of AI and a supervisor of AI. From the late spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period, besides the enfeoffment of the vassal states, there were counties and cities. In Jiangxi Province, there were p ó and AI Yi, of which the jurisdiction of AI Yi was roughly equal to that of AI Hou state and AI Jian.

Qin and Han Dynasties

In the 24th year of the reign of the king of Qin (223 BC), Qin destroyed Chu and set up three prefectures. Among them, Jiujiang Prefecture covers most of today's Jiangxi Province, and the prefecture is located in Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province).

In the sixth year of emperor Gaodi of Han Dynasty (201 BC), Yuzhang county was set up to govern Nanchang; Lingxian county was 18, and there were five counties in Jiujiang, in the following order: the third Pengze (governing the southwest of Pengze, including hukou, Pengze, Duchang and Anhui Dongliu); the fifth Liling (governing De'an); the seventh Chaisang (governing the south of Jiangxi, including the urban area and Jiujiang, Xingzi, Ruichang); the eighth AI (governing xiushuizajin) Nearby, including Xiushui and Tonggu counties; the 14th haihun (governing Yongxiu East, including Yongxiu, Wuning, Jing'an, Anyi and Fengxin counties); the 16th Fuyang (governing Duchang south, including Duchang County and Boyang county). At the same time, Xunyang county was established, which is located in the southwest of Huangmei County in Hubei Province, and its Jiangnan jurisdiction is located in Jiujiang. In the 16th year of Yongyuan (104), Jianchang County was set up by haihun. During the period of Zhongping (184-189), Aixian county was divided into Xiping County, and in the second year (185), haihun County, Jianchang County, Yongxiu county and Xinwu county were analyzed. In the fourth year of Jian'an (199), Xi'an county was established by analyzing AI and haihun.

Three Kingdoms, two Jin Dynasties, southern and Northern Dynasties

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Sun Wu. Chaisang belonged to Wuchang County, while Xunyang belonged to Lujiang County. Each county belongs to Wuchang (Chaisang), Yuzhang (AI, haihun, Jianchang, Yongxiu, Xinwu, Xi'an, Pengze), Poyang (Fuyang, Liling) and Lujiang (Xunyang).

In the first year of Taikang (280), Xi'an county was changed into Yuzhang county. In the first year of Yuankang (291), it was divided into 10 counties of Yuzhang, Poyang, Luling, Linchuan, Nankang, Jian'an and Jin'an in Yangzhou, and 10 counties of Wuchang, Guiyang and Ancheng in Jingzhou. In the first year of Yongxing (304), Xunyang county was divided into Lujiang County, Wuchang county and Chaisang county. Xunyang county was established and governed by Xunyang county (Jiangbei), belonging to Jiangzhou.

During the reign of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (326-334), Xunyang county and Xunyang county were successively moved from Jiangbei to Chaisang; in the sixth year of Xiankang (340), Jiangzhou Prefecture was moved from Yuzhang to Xunyang. So far, the three levels of state, county and county government ruled together to seek Yang. In 412, Xunyang county was renamed Jiangzhou County, and Xunyang county was incorporated into Chaisang county.

In the second year of Yongchu of Song Dynasty (421), Fuyang was abandoned and merged into Pengze County. In the first year of Yuanjia (424), Li Ling was abandoned and merged into Chaisang County; in the second year (425), Hai Hun was abandoned and merged into Jianchang County. In the second year of Liang Taiqing (548), Pengze was divided into Taiyuan Qiaojun, which governed Jinyang, Hecheng and Tianshui Qiaoxian and Pengze; Chaisang was divided into Runan Qiaoxian; Xunyang Junzhi moved into juecheng (now Jiujiang City). In the second year of Taiping (557), Jiangzhou was divided into two parts. It established xijiangzhou, led Xunyang and four overseas Chinese counties, namely Taiyuan, Gaotang, Qichang and Xincai. In the third year of Chen Yongding's reign (559), Yuning county was established and governed by five counties, namely AI County, Jianchang County, Yongxiu County, Xinwu county and Yuning county. Tianjia six years (565), strike xijiangzhou, Xunyang county also subordinate Jiangzhou.

Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

In 583, Pengze changed its name to Longcheng county. In 589, Qiaojun and Qiaoxian established by Liang and Chen dynasties were abolished; Taiyuan county was abolished, and Jinyang, Hecheng, Tianshui and Pengze counties were designated as Longcheng County; Yuning county was abolished, and Yongxiu, Yuning, Xinwu and AI counties were incorporated into Jianchang; Xunyang county was abolished, and Chaisang and Runan counties were established as Xunyang County; in 598, Xunyang county was changed into Pengli County; Longcheng county was renamed Pengze County. In the second year of Daye (606), the prefectures were abolished to establish counties, forming two-level administrative systems of counties and counties; Jiangzhou Prefecture was abolished to establish Jiangzhou County; Pengli county was changed to Pengcheng County, and then to Fucheng county. In 607, Jiangzhou county was changed into Jiujiang County, and Yuning county was reestablished.

In the early Tang Dynasty, Jiangxi Province belonged to Jiangnan Road. In the fourth year of Wude (621), Xunyang county was divided into three counties, Xunyang, Pengze and Xuncheng. In 622, chucheng county was divided into four counties, Duchang County was set up in the south of YanZiQiao, Poyang County; Xiping County was restored to coexist with Yuning County; Haozhou was set up to govern Pengze, Duchang, Lecheng and Guangjin counties; Yongxiu county was restored; Long'an county was set up in xijianchang County; in 625, Haozhou was abolished and provincial Lecheng was incorporated into Pengze County; and Xunyang county was abandoned. Zhenguan eight years (634), the abolition of Chu City and Xunyang county. In the first year of Yongchun (682), Jianchang County was rebuilt. In the fourth year of Chang'an (704), Wuning county was established in Jianchang. In the first year of Jingyun (710), Wuning was changed into Yuning county. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), Jiangnan Road was divided into Jiangnan West Road, which had jurisdiction over 8 prefectures and 37 counties including Hong, Rao, Qian, Ji, Jiang, yuan, Xin, Xin and Fu. Among them, Jiangzhou had jurisdiction over 3 counties including Xunyang, Pengze and Duchang. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Jiangzhou was changed into Xunyang county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), the system of state and county was established, and Xunyang county was changed into Jiangzhou. In the first year of Baoying (762), Yuning was renamed Wuning county. In the 16th year of Zhenyuan (800), Wuning built Fenning county.

In the seventh year of Shunyi in the Southern Tang Dynasty (927), shengputang was named De'an County. In the first year of Shengyuan (937), Xie Jianchang, Wuning and Fengxin established Jing'an County; in the second year (938), shenghukou garrison became Hukou county. In 939, Fenghua army was set up in Jiangzhou; Ruichang county was upgraded to chiwu County; Xunyang county was changed to Dehua County.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

In 978, Xingzi town was promoted to Xingzi County, and in 982, Nankang army was set up to govern Xingzi, and Xingzi, Duchang and Jianchang counties were governed. In the fourth year of Tianxi (1020), Jiangnan Road was divided into East and West roads, and Jiangzhou belonged to Jiangnan East Road, which governed Dehua, De'an, Ruichang, Hukou and Pengze counties; Ningxian county was changed into Ningxian county. In the eighth year of Kaibao (975), Jiangzhou was reduced to military power, and Ningxian was renamed Fenning county. In 1109, Jiangzhou was promoted to Wangjun.

In the second year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1132), Jiangzhou was changed to Jiangnan West Road; counties in Jiujiang were subordinate to Dehua, De'an, Ruichang, Hukou and Pengze; Xingzi, Duchang and Jianchang belonged to Nankang army; Fenning and Wuning belonged to Hongzhou. Jianyan two years (1128), Hejiang, Chi, Rao, letter four states for Jiangzhou road. In 1130, Ningxian county was promoted to Yining army. In the first year of Longxing (1163), Yining army was abolished and Fenning county was restored.

In the Yuan Dynasty, there were roads, prefectures and counties. In the 12th year of Zhiyuan Dynasty (1275), the Xuanfu Department of Jiangdong and Dongxi was established in Jiangzhou; in the 13th year (1276), it was changed into Dadu Dufu of Jiangxi Province and subordinate to Yangzhou province; in the 14th year (1277), it was changed from Dadu Dufu of Jiangxi Province to Jiangzhou road and Nankang army to Nankang Road, and the county remained unchanged; in the 16th year (1279), Jiangzhou road was changed into Xuanwei Department of Huangqi and other roads; in the 22nd year (1285), it was restored to Jiangxi Province; in the 23rd year (12) In Wuning County, it was established as ningzhou, with jurisdiction over two counties: Wuning county and Wuning county. In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), it was promoted to Jianchang, belonging to Nankang road. In the eighth year of Dade (1304), Ningxian was upgraded to ningzhou. In 1361, Zhu Yuanzhang conquered Jiangzhou and changed Jiangzhou road to Jiujiang mansion, Nankang road to Xining mansion, and Nankang mansion the next year.

Ming and Qing Dynasties

In the third year of Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty (1370), Changzhou and ningzhou were demoted to counties; in the ninth year (1376), jiangxixing province was changed to the Department of Chengcheng government of Jiangxi Province. The province was divided into five branches and 13 prefectures