Fengxian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Fengxian County, also known as Fengcheng, is located in the northwest of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province. It is connected with Tongshan district and Peixian County in the East, Jinxiang and Yutai County in the north, Dangshan and Xiaoxian County in the South and Shan County in the West. It is located in the center of Huaihai Economic Zone and the southeast edge of North China Plain.

Fengxian County was called Fengyi, Qintai and Fengcheng in ancient times. It is said that in ancient times, there was a phoenix falling here. Fengxian has a long history, there is a saying that "Xuzhou first, then Xuan, only Fengxian does not remember the year". It is the hometown of Liu Bang, the emperor of Han Dynasty, and also the hometown of Zhang Daoling, the master of heaven. It has a good reputation of "Eternal Dragon enclave, the hometown of a generation of emperors; the hometown of the master of heaven".

Fuxin River, the main channel in Fengxian County, is a six level channel, which is connected with the Beijing Hangzhou canal in the west of lake, with a distance of 40 km. In 2019, Fengxian county ranks the 40th among the top 100 business environment counties in China. In November 2019, it will be included in the list of the second batch of counties (districts) meeting the water-saving society construction standards. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle.

Historical evolution

As the old saying goes: "Xuzhou first, then Xuan, only Fengxian county does not remember the year." China, with a long history of civilization, has dominated the world and enfeoffed all nations since emperor Xuanyuan. The book of changes is called "Xianning of all nations", but it is not divided into states at this time. At that time, Fengdi belonged to Xuzhou, which belonged to Dongyi. Yu, the envoy of Yao, controlled the flood, Youtong in Jiuzhou, and Fengzhou was still the territory of Xuzhou, followed by Yu, Xia and Shang.

In the Zhou Dynasty, Xuzhou was annexed to Qingzhou, and Feng was attached to Qingzhou.

In the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to the Song Dynasty and was the capital of King Yan of the Song Dynasty. In Zuozhuan, in the 12th year of Duke Zhuang of Lu (682 BC), the state of song was in chaos, and the princes ran to Xiao. In Huan Gong of Song Dynasty, he granted uncle Xiao a big heart, and Feng was his assistant. In the 29th year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (286 BC), Qi, Chu and Wei attacked the Song Dynasty; King Kang of song fled and died in Wendi, so Fengyi belonged to Chu.

Qin conquered Chu, unified six countries, enfeoffed counties, Fengshi County, subordinate to Chu County, and Fengli county to Sishui county.

During the western and Eastern Han Dynasties, Fengxian was subordinate to Peijun and peiguo of Yuzhou. Emperor Wu of Wei restored Xuzhou, took charge of Pengcheng and governed seven prefectures. In 238 of the second year of Jingchu period of the Ming Dynasty, ten counties of Pei Kingdom, Xiao county and Deng county were divided into Ruyin County, and zhuqiu County, gongqiu County, Pengcheng County, Feng county and Guangqi county were assigned to Pei kingdom.

In Jin Dynasty, the subordinate relationship is the same as that in Han Dynasty.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, song GAIFENG county was subordinate to beijiyin County, followed by the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was transferred to Yongchang County. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, it was subordinate to the general government.

In the third year of kaihuang (583) of the Sui Dynasty, the county system was abolished and changed to the state system, which governed the counties. Daye three years (607) to restore Pengcheng County, under the jurisdiction of 11 counties, Fengxian County under Pengcheng county.

In the first year of Wude (618) of Tang Dynasty, Xuzhou was changed to be subordinate to Xuzhou; in the first year of Zhenguan (627), 15 roads were set up, Xuzhou governed 7 counties and was subordinate to Henan Road; in the first year of Tianbao (742), Xuzhou was changed to Pengcheng County; in the first year of Qianyuan (758), Pengcheng county was changed to Xuzhou; in the 16th year of Zhenyuan (800), Xuzhou was changed to Wuning army and was guarded by Jiedu envoys; in the 11th year of Xiantong (870), Xuzhou was restored; soon, Xuzhou was changed to Wuning Army From the first year of Wude to the 11th year of Xiantong (618-870), Fengxian was subordinate to Xuzhou. In the Liang Dynasty of the Five Dynasties, Fengxian was subordinate to Xuzhou in the Tang Dynasty; in the later Jin Dynasty, Xuzhou was changed to Wuning army; in the Later Zhou Dynasty, it was restored to Xuzhou. From Liang to Hou Zhou, Fengxian was subordinate to Xuzhou.

In the first year of Jianlong (960) of Taizu in Song Dynasty, Xuzhou was changed into Wuning army, and soon returned to Xuzhou, which governed Pengcheng County, Xiaoxian County, Fengxian County, Peixian county and Tengxian County, and was subordinate to Jingdong West Road; in the first year of Shaoxing (1131), Xuzhou was occupied by Jin, and then Wuning army, which governed Pengcheng County, Xiaoxian county and Fengxian County, and was subordinate to Shandong West Road. In the Jin and Liao dynasties, Fengxian belonged to the (Xuzhou) Wuning army.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1264), Xuzhou governed YONGGU, Pengcheng and Xiao counties, while Feng county was subordinate to Dongping Prefecture. Later, Fengxian was subordinate to Jining road; in 1271, Fengxian was subordinate to Defu; in 1348, Fengxian was subordinate to Xuzhou.

In 1368, Xuzhou was occupied by Zhang Shicheng. Under Zhu Yuanzhang's army, Huai'an, Xuzhou and Pizhou all belonged to Zhu Yuanzhang. At this time, Fengxian also belonged to Zhu Yuanzhang. At the beginning, Fengxian County was subordinate to Zhongli Prefecture, namely Fengyang Prefecture. In the eighth year of Hongwu (1375), Fengxian County belonged to Xuzhou and was changed to nanzhili.

In the Qing Dynasty, Fengxian was subordinate to Xuzhou, and together with Tongshan, PI, Suining, Suqian, Dang, Pei and Xiao counties, it was called eight genera.

In the winter of 1912-1913, the first year of the Republic of China (1912-1913), the county magistrate was appointed by the Nanjing revolutionary government of the Republic of China, and Fengxian County was subordinate to Xuzhou.

In 1913-1916, Zhang Xun restored the imperial system of the Qing Dynasty in Xuzhou, appointed the county magistrate, and Feng county was subordinate to Xuzhou.

In 1916-1926, Fengxian was subordinate to Xuzhou.

In may 1926-1938, Fengxian County was subordinate to the Xuzhou special office of the Kuomintang.

During the period from May 17 to the autumn of 1938-1945, when the county was occupied by the Japanese invaders, there were three different kinds of county-level political power in the territory: (1) the Fengxian government led by the Kuomintang withdrew from the county and settled in the countryside, still attached to Xuzhou; (2) in the autumn of 1938-1945, the Japanese puppet Fengxian government was attached to the Japanese puppet Huaihai province; (3) the Communist Party of China The Anti Japanese democratic governments of Fengxian County and Huashan County under their leadership.

In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), it was subordinate to the administrative office of Su Lu Yu District from June to November.

From December 29 to October 31 of the Republic of China (1940.12-1942.10), it was transferred to Huxi District of Shandong Province.

From October 31 to June 33 of the Republic of China (1942.10-1944.6), it was transferred to the six administrative offices of Hebei, Shandong and Henan.

From June 33 to August 34 (1944.6-1945.8), it was transferred to the 11th administrative office of Hebei, Shandong and Henan.

From September, 1945 to November, 1948, the county-level political power in Fengxian County included: (1) the people's governments of Fengxian County, Huashan county and huadang County under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, which were subordinate to the Subei office from August, 1945 to March, 1946; the Subei office was abolished in March, 1946, and transferred to the office of the inspector general of the third administrative region of Hebei, Shandong and Henan until August, 1949; and (3) in March, 1946, the Subei office was transferred to the office of the inspector general of the third administrative region of Hebei, Shandong and Henan (1947) huadang county was abolished in November; from August to September 1949, Fengxian County and Huashan County became subordinate to taizao special office of Shandong Province; (2) the Fengxian government led by the Kuomintang was subordinate to Xuzhou special administrative office.

From September 1949 to May 1950, Fengxian County and Huashan county were still under the special administration of taizao in Shandong Province.

From 1950 to January 1953, Fengxian County and Huashan county were transferred to Tengxian County special office of Shandong Province.

In January 1953, Fengxian County was assigned to Xuzhou special administration of Jiangsu Province, and Huashan county was abolished.

From 1953 to 1982, the people's Government of Fengxian County was subordinate to the Xuzhou special administration of Jiangsu Province.

In 1983, Jiangsu province implemented the system of city Governing County, Xuzhou special office was abolished, and Fengxian people's government was subordinate to Xuzhou people's government.

administrative division

By the end of 2020, Fengxian has 3 streets and 12 towns.

geographical environment

Location context

Fengxian is located in the center of Huaihai economic zone between 116 ° 21 ′ 15 ″ - 116 ° 52 ′ 03 ″ E and 34 ° 24 ′ 25 ″ - 34 ° 56 ′ 27 ″ n. It borders Jinxiang and Yutai counties in Shandong Province in the north, Dangshan and Xiaoxian counties in Anhui Province in the south, Shan County in Shandong Province in the West and Tongshan and Peixian counties in Jiangsu Province in the East. Fengxian County covers a total area of 1449.7 square kilometers, 59.2 kilometers long from north to South and 46.6 kilometers wide from east to west.

terrain

Fengxian is a Yellow River alluvial plain with high and flat terrain. The ground elevation is generally between 34.5-48.2 meters, and the southwest is slightly higher than the northeast.

hydrology

The rivers in Fengxian County used to be natural rivers, with east-west trend. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, they were comprehensively managed. Taking Dasha River as the boundary, there are Zhengji north-south tributaries in the East, flowing from west to east; Fuxin river system in the west, flowing from south to North. After the treatment of the waste Yellow River, the Yangtze River water was introduced, forming the Dasha River belt reservoir.

climate

Fengxian is located in the warm temperate semi humid monsoon climate zone, with four distinct seasons and sufficient sunshine. The average annual temperature is about 15 ℃, the average temperature in the coldest month (January) is - 0.2 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 27.3 ℃, the average annual precipitation is about 630.4 mm, and the frost free period is about 200 days.

land

Fengxian County has fertile land and abundant products. Fengxian County has a land area of 1.901 million mu, a water area of 280000 mu, a arable land area of 857000 ha, a garden area of 309500 ha, and a vegetable area of 4082000 ha. It enjoys the reputation of "being rich and ripe can reach three prefectures". The ratio of grain to economy reached 4:6, forming a regional development pattern of "south fruit, North grain, West food and East specialty", and realizing the transformation from a big grain and cotton county to a big fruit and vegetable county.

population

By the end of 2018, the permanent resident population of Fengxian County was 950500. The urbanization level was 53.8%, 1.4 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. Fengxian has 29 ethnic groups, including Han, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Uygur, Yi, Miao, Xibo, Jingpo, Zhuang, Buyi, Korean, Manchu, Dong, Yao, Bai, Tujia, Naxi, Pumi, Dai, Lahu, Daur, Qiang, Gaoshan, Li, Nu, Bulang, Hani and Kazak.

Politics

Secretary of the county Party committee: Lou Hai

County head: Zheng Chunwei

natural resources

water resource

Fengxian County has 546 million cubic meters of water resources, including 126 million cubic meters of surface water, 327 million cubic meters of groundwater and 93 million cubic meters of passenger water. Total water storage: Fengxian County

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Xu Zhou Shi Feng Xian