Gaochun District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Gaochun District Gaochun district is located in the south end of Nanjing city. It is an important national characteristic modern urban agricultural base, an important leisure tourism destination in eastern China, a manufacturing service hub and high-end manufacturing supporting base in East China. It is known as the back garden and South Gate of Nanjing.

Gaochun district is China's first "international slow city" awarded by the world slow city alliance and the headquarters of the international slow City Alliance in China. It is known as the "holy land of the south of the Yangtze River". It is known as the "land of fish and rice" in the south of the Yangtze River. It has natural mountain and lake resources and has typical ecological characteristics of the south of the Yangtze River.

Gaochun district has a long history and culture. It is a famous historical and cultural city in Jiangsu Province. The Xuecheng site in Gaochun district is an ancient village in the Neolithic age more than 6000 years ago. The Xuhe River excavated by Wu Zixu is the earliest artificial canal in the world and is still playing the role of shipping. Gaochun old street is the most complete ancient street of Ming and Qing Dynasties in East China, and is one of the top ten historical and cultural streets in China.

Gaochun district is one of the top ten commercial counties (cities) in Jiangsu Province, a strong construction county, and the hometown of Chinese architecture. The shipbuilding and water transportation industry enjoys the reputation of "the first county of Chinese folk shipbuilding and water transportation", while WUJIAZUI village, which is famous for its shipbuilding and water transportation industry, is known as "the first village of Chinese folk shipbuilding and water transportation".

Historical evolution

The Xuecheng site in Gaochun District reveals the human civilization of the Neolithic age more than 6000 years ago. Gugucheng site is 208 years earlier than Jinling stone city. The Xuhe River excavated by Wu Zixu is the earliest man-made canal in the world and is still playing the role of shipping.

In the spring and Autumn period, in the fourth year of King Jingwang of Zhou Dynasty (541 BC), Yu Ji, king of Wu, built "ziluo city" 15 kilometers east of today's Gaochun district. Because the city is high and strong, it is named Gucheng, which is now Gucheng. On this basis, LaiZhu was established. Because the ancient Zhongjiang river is also known as "Laishui", Gucheng was built on the beach on the North Bank of Zhongjiang River, so it was named "LaiZhu". Three years later, King Ling of Chu went down to consolidate the city. King Ping of Chu defended Gucheng when he was the crown prince, and later generations called Gucheng "King City of Chu".

In the fifth year of King Jing of Zhou Dynasty (540 BC), Wu moved his city to the foot of Lingping mountain, named Lingping. In the 16th year (529 BC), the state of Chu attacked the state of Wu, captured and occupied Lingping, and renamed Pingling.

In the 14th year of King Jing of Zhou Dynasty (506 BC), the state of Wu captured Gucheng. After entering the city, Wu Zixu ordered to burn down all the buildings in the city. According to historical records, "Wu felled Chu and burned the city. The fire lasted for more than a month." Gucheng has become a scorched earth.

In 473 BC, Gou Jian, king of Yue, defeated the state of Wu. Gucheng was occupied by the Yue army and was assigned to Kuaiji county.

In 334 BC, the state of Chu defeated the state of Yue, and Gucheng belonged to the state of Chu again.

After Qin Shihuang unified China, he implemented the county system and changed LaiZhu to Liyang county. Because it was located on the North Bank of Laishui, the ancient sound of "Laishui" and "Li" was interlinked, and the ancients used to take the north of Shuishui as "Yang". This was the beginning of Gaochun's county establishment. The county covers Gaochun District, Liyang City and the south of Lishui district. The county is now governed by Gucheng. From the early Qin Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty, Gucheng was the political, economic and cultural center of Gaochun District, Liyang City and Lishui district.

During the Wu period of the Three Kingdoms, the system of Liyang county was abolished for the purpose of land reclamation. Yongping County (now in Liyang City) was set up in the east of the original county to govern the area near the ancient county village in the south of Liyang City, which is the beginning of the establishment of county in Liyang City.

In the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (280), in addition to Yongshi County, Liyang County, belonging to Danyang County, was established.

In Sui Dynasty, YongShi county was merged into Liyang county. Soon after, Liyang County merged with the eastern part of Danyang county (the county government was in today's xiaodanyang town in Jiangning) and was renamed Lishui County. At first, the county government was reformed in today's Gaochun Kaihua, and later moved to yongyang, Lishui district. At this time, Lishui County included not only the whole area of Liyang County, but also the eastern part of Danyang county. At this point, Gaochun used the name of Liyang County for 810 years.

In the Tang Dynasty (620), Liyang county was set up in the east of Lishui County, which is the predecessor of today's Liyang City. The county government was in the old county village of today's Liyang City.

Gaochun County was established in the fourth year of Hongzhi (1491) by Zhu Youzhe, Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty.

In the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, Gaochun County was separated from Lishui County. Up to now, the county government is Chunxi Town, which belongs to yingtianfu. The county is named after Gaochun ancient town. Gaochun town is now Chunxi town.

In the Qing Dynasty, Tianfu was changed to Jiangning Fu in the Ming Dynasty, and Gaochun belonged to it.

Gaochun County belonged to Jiangning County of Tianjing Province during the period when the capital of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was established in Tianjing.

In the third year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1864), Tianjing was occupied and Gaochun was restored to Jiangning Prefecture.

In 1912, Gaochun County was subordinate to Jiangsu Province.

In 1914, a road was set up between the provincial and county levels. Gaochun belonged to Jinling Road in Jiangsu Province.

In 1927, Dao was abolished and the county was subordinate to Jiangsu Province.

In 1934, Jiangsu province implemented the supervision system of administrative region, and Gaochun County was under the supervision of Liyang administrative region.

In September 1935, it was transferred to the tenth administrative supervision district (in Jiangning).

On December 7, 1937, the Japanese invaders occupied Gaochun County and established a puppet regime. In the Republic of China, Gaochun county government withdrew to qingguitang, the Fifth District, and was under the jurisdiction of the first district of Jiangnan administrative office.

On May 2, 1949, he was under the leadership of Zhenjiang District Commissioner Office of Southern Jiangsu administrative office.

In January 1953, the southern Jiangsu administrative region was abolished and Jiangsu Province was established. Gaochun County was under Zhenjiang special region of Jiangsu Province. In 1958, it was changed into Changzhou special region and Gaochun was under it.

In 1959, it was changed into Zhenjiang special area, and Gaochun county belongs to Zhenjiang special area.

On March 1, 1983, Gaochun County was transferred back to Nanjing from Zhenjiang District under the jurisdiction of the city.

In February 2013, with the approval of the State Council and the provincial government, Gaochun County was abolished and Gaochun District of Nanjing city was established, with the former administrative region of Gaochun County as the administrative region of Gaochun District of Nanjing city.

In May 2013, Gaochun district has two new "Guobao" sites: Xuecheng site and Gucheng site.

In July 2015, Chunxi town and Gubai town were abolished to establish streets: Chunxi town of Gaochun District in Nanjing city was abolished, and Chunxi sub district office of Gaochun district was established in the original administrative area of Chunxi Town, with the sub district office located at 219 Beiling road; Gubai town of Gaochun District in Nanjing City was abolished, and Gubai sub district office of Gaochun district was established in the original administrative area of Gubai Town, with the sub district office located in Hancun market town.

On January 28, 2019, Jiangsu provincial government issued the "reply on agreeing to adjust some administrative divisions of Gaochun District in Nanjing City". Qiqiao Town, Dongba Town, Yaxi town and Gucheng town in Gaochun district were abolished and Qiqiao street, Dongba street, Yaxi street and Gucheng street were established respectively.

administrative division

As of January 2019, Gaochun district has jurisdiction over 6 streets, 2 towns, 85 community neighborhood committees, 60 administrative villages and 1 provincial economic development zone. The district government is located at 228 Zhenxing Road, Chunxi street.

geographical environment

Location context

Gaochun district is located in the south end of Nanjing City, covering an area of 790.23 square kilometers. It borders Lishui District of Nanjing City in the north, Liyang City in the East, Dangtu County of Maanshan City in Anhui Province in the northwest, Xuanzhou District and Langxi County of Xuancheng City in Anhui Province in the West and South.

topographic features

Gaochun district is high in the East and low in the west, which can be divided into three categories: polder area, half mountain and half polder area and mountainous area. Paddy soil is mainly green soil, white soil, yellow soil, horse liver soil, argillaceous soil, dry soil, sandy soil, loess, night tide soil, etc. Gaochun district is located at the junction of Maoshan and Tianmu Mountains in the East. It is a winding hilly area, and surrounded by Gucheng Lake and Shijiu Lake in the West. It is a Polder Area with dense river network, with a total area of about 802 square kilometers.

Tianmu Mountain is located between Huangshan Mountain and the East China Sea. The Dragon flies and the Phoenix dances, dominates Wuyue, and the lion squats in the southeast of Liwei town. The two peaks of the East and the West face each other at a distance. The altitude of daxianding is 1480 meters in the East and 1506 meters in the West. Each of the two peaks forms a pool. It's like looking up at the sky, so it's named.

Maoshan is located in Jurong City in the southwest of Jiangsu Province, which is one of the main mountains in Jiangsu Province. Maoshan mountain is known as Qushan mountain, also known as Difei mountain in Jinling, because of its twists and turns, and its shape is similar to the word "Ji". Taoism says that "Jinling in Quzhi is a blessed place to cultivate truth and a spiritual ruin to become a God". During the Western Han Dynasty, Mao Ying, Mao Gu and Mao Zhong, the three brothers of Mao family in Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, came to Qushan to practice Taoism and do good deeds to benefit the world. In order to commemorate Mao's merits, later generations changed Qushan into Sanmao mountain, which is called Maoshan for short. The main peak, Damao peak, is 372.5 meters above sea level, covering an area of 71.2 square kilometers.

climate

Gaochun district belongs to the transitional monsoon climate zone of north subtropical and middle subtropical, with four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall (annual average rainfall 1157mm), sufficient light, and annual average temperature of 15.9 ℃. Gaochun does not belong to the seismic zone, and there is no record of disastrous earthquake in history. After verification, there is no record of natural disasters caused by lightning, flood, drought, etc. in the surrounding area of the plot, so there is no greater potential risk of natural disasters.

hydrology

Shijiu lake is the boundary lake between Gaochun District, Lishui district and Dangtu County, Bowang District, Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province. It is also known as North Lake. It is differentiated from ancient Danyang Lake. The lake water mainly comes from the water systems of Qingyi River and Shuiyang River in southern Anhui, and flows into the Yangtze River from the Guxi River and Qingshui River in Dangtu. The lake now covers an area of 207 square kilometers, with an average water depth of 1.67 meters. There is a close relationship between Shijiu lake and Qinhuai River. Before the Ming Dynasty, yanzhigang in the southwest of Lishui district was the watershed between Qinhuai River and Shijiu lake. The water in the north of Gangbei belonged to Qinhuai River system, and the water in the south of Gangnan belonged to Shijiu lake system.

Gucheng Lake is located in the south of Gaochun District, also known as Xiaonanhu. The lake area belongs to Gaochun district and Xuancheng City of Anhui Province, but mainly to Gaochun district. In history, Gucheng Lake and Shijiu lake are part of ancient Danyang Lake. At present, the lake covers an area of 35.7 square kilometers, with an average depth of 1.6 meters. The lake water mainly comes from the Shuiyang River and Qingyi River water system in Anhui Province, and can be connected to other rivers

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Nan Jing Shi Gao Chun Qu