Erlianhot City, Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Erlianhot, which belongs to Xilinguole League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is located in the north of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It faces the port city zhamenwude of Mongolia in the north. The distance between the two cities is 4.5km. It is adjacent to Sunite Left Banner of Xilinguole League in the East and Sunite Right Banner in the West and south. It is 360 kilometers away from Xilinhot, 390 kilometers away from Hohhot and 690 kilometers away from Beijing. It is the nearest land border port to Beijing. It is 714 km from Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, and 7623 km from Moscow, the capital of Russia, with a border line of 72.3 km.

As of February 2020, Erlianhot has an area of 4015 square kilometers. Under the jurisdiction of a Sumu (5 Gacha), 8 communities. The total population of the city is about 100 thousand, with a registered residence of 31 thousand people. There are 17 ethnic groups, including Han, Mongolian, Hui, Manchu and Korean, of which the Mongolian population is 14000.

Historical evolution

The origin of city name

"Erlianhot" is Mongolian, "Erlianhot" is named after nearby erennur (Lake), which is the wrong pronunciation of "Eren", meaning "gorgeous", "hot" means "city", and "Erlianhot" means "colorful city". "Erlianhaote" is the Chinese translation of Mongolian. The original name of Erlian is "Erren", which is still the name of "errenda busannaoer" (now translated as Erlian Yanchi) in the suburb. "Erren" is a beautiful description of desert Gobi scenery by herdsmen, which means mirage.

Evolution of organizational system

The earliest inhabited place in this area is Erlian Salt Lake, which is 9 kilometers northeast of the urban area. In Mongolian, it is called "erenda busannaoer", which means "colorful Salt Lake", and "Erlianhot" means "colorful Lake City". The ancient names "Yulong", "Yilin" and the following names "Erlian" are all the false meanings of "Eren" in Mongolian, and the city name is derived from the lake name.

As early as in the primitive society, there were ancient hunting tribes. During the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, it was called Linhu land, also known as Donghu land.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Xiongnu migrated here. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, wuheng and Xianbei came to live there. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, they were moved to pasture by Turks. Liao is the land of moge lost tribe, Jin is the land of Wanggu tribe.

The Yuan Dynasty belongs to Sunite etoke, the capital of Shangdu, with Yulong stack.

Ming Zhengtong 14 years (1449) to the north yuan left wing 30000 households, known as Sunit etok.

In 1820, the Yilin post station was set up. In 1899, the Qing government set up a telephone line from Zhangjiakou to Kulun in Outer Mongolia, and set up a telegraph office, which was labeled as "Erlian" in the atlas at that time.

In 1912, the Qing Dynasty perished. In 1914, it belonged to China's Chahar special region. In 1928, Suiyuan special region was transformed into Chahar province. In 1952, Chahar province merged with Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In 1954, Suiyuan province merged with Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to form Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

On April 3, 1956, Xilin Gol League administrative office decided to set up Erlian town under Sunit Right Banner.

On July 14, 1957, the people's Committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region decided to upgrade Erlian town to the county level, adding the word "hot" (meaning city in Mongolian) to "Erlian", which belongs to Xilin Gol League.

In January 1966, Erlianhot was established with the approval of the State Council.

In November 1969, the Revolutionary Committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region decided to put the city under the jurisdiction of Ulanqab League.

In May 1980, it was re zoned back to Xilin Gol League.

In January 1985, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region approved the upgrading to quasi prefecture level city, which is a city under separate planning of the autonomous region. In June 1985, the State Council officially approved the city as a class a open city.

In 1992, Erlianhot was listed as one of the 13 open cities along the border by the State Council.

On June 5, 2014, the State Council agreed to establish a national key development and Opening Experimental Zone in Erlianhot.

administrative division

On November 17, 2011, the municipal planning office set up community construction management office, financial accounting center, information service center, 8 community public service centers, and canceled three neighborhood offices. In November 2011, the three sub district offices were abolished and the Erlianhot Community Management Bureau was established. It has eight communities: Dongcheng community, Xicheng community, Nanyuan community, Beijiang community, Xilin community, eren community, Huhe community and Wulan community.

The area under its jurisdiction is 4015 square kilometers, and the urban built-up area is 27 square kilometers. Under the jurisdiction of gerileaodusumu (5 Gacha), 8 communities.

geographical environment

geographical position

Erlianhot is located in the north central part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the west of Xilinguole League, with latitude of 42 ° 55 ′～ 43 ° 53 ′, longitude of 111 ° 17 ′～ 112 ° 25 ′. It is adjacent to Sunid Left Banner in the East, Sunid Right Banner in the West and south, and zhamenwude of Mongolia in the north. The distance between the two cities is 9 ㎞. The total area is 4015.1 ㎞ m2, and the urban built-up area is 11 ㎞ m2.

topographic features

Erlianhot is a flat city with an average altitude of 932.2m and a gentle slope from southwest to northeast.

hydrology

There is no river on the surface of Erlianhot City, but there is an ancient river under it.

Climatic characteristics

Affected by the Mongolian high pressure, it belongs to the mid temperate continental monsoon climate and arid desert steppe climate. It is dry and rainless in spring, short and hot in summer, high and cool in autumn and long and cold in winter. The average annual temperature is about 3.4 ℃, the average annual precipitation is 142.2mm, the frost free period is 90-120 days, and the heating period is 210 days.

population

According to the data of the sixth national census in 2010, the resident population of the city is 74179, which is 27154 more than the 47025 in the fifth national census at 0:00 on November 1, 2000, with an increase of 57.74% and an average annual growth rate of 4.66%.

In the city's permanent population, there are 12805 people aged 0-14, accounting for 17.26%; 59198 people aged 15-64, accounting for 79.8%; and 2176 people aged over 65, accounting for 2.93%. In the city's permanent population, the Han population is 59172, accounting for 79.77%; the Mongolian population is 14349, accounting for 19.34%; the other minority population is 658, accounting for 0.89%.

At the end of 2016, the city's total population was 75431, an increase of 2619 over the end of the previous year. The permanent population is 58647 (half a year or more), of whom two are 32189 registered residence. The registered residence population was born in 369 people in the whole year, with 71 deaths and a 4.42 natural population growth rate.

The official languages of Erlianhot are Mongolian and Mandarin, which are suitable for formal occasions. In addition, due to the large number of immigrants from Ulanqab to Erlianhaote, many Han people in Erlianhaote speak Jin language and form an independent Jin language in Erlianhaote, which belongs to Xilingol dialect of Jin language.

Economics

overview

In 2016, the city's GDP reached 10.966 billion yuan, an increase of 9.9% on a year-on-year basis at comparable prices. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 71 million yuan, up 3.1% year on year; the added value of the secondary industry was 3.818 billion yuan, up 11.1% year on year; the added value of the tertiary industry was 7.077 billion yuan, up 9.3% year on year. The contribution rate of the first industry to economic growth is 0.87%; the contribution rate of the second industry to economic growth is 26.64%; and the contribution rate of the third industry to economic growth is 72.49%. The proportion of the three industries is 0.65: 34.81: 64.54. According to the annual average resident population, the annual per capita GDP reached 155764 yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 13.2% at the current price, equivalent to 22454 US dollars at the average annual exchange rate.

primary industry

In 2013, there were 47541 large and small livestock in Erlianhot, a year-on-year increase of 5.91%; 35196 large and small livestock were sold, a year-on-year increase of 15.46%. The survival rate of large and small livestock was 100.0%. In 2013, the total output of meat was 1521 tons, an increase of 56.64%. The total output value of agriculture and animal husbandry was 90.54 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.78%.

In 2013, the sown area of crops was 355 hectares, of which the sown area of vegetables was 66 hectares, and the yield of vegetables reached 6218 tons. In that year, 20100 mu of sand source control was completed.

the secondary industry

In 2013, the total industrial added value of Erlianhot reached 2.669 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 18.7%. Among them, the number of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size (legal person industrial enterprises whose main business income, i.e. product sales income, reached more than 20 million yuan in 2013) increased from 27 in the previous year to 31, realizing sales income of 4449.46 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 11.3% and industrial added value of 2.08 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22.9%; the number of industrial enterprises below Designated Size (main business income, i.e. product sales income, in 2013, reached 2.2 billion yuan) increased from 27 in the previous year The sales revenue of industrial enterprises and individual production units with independent accounting of less than 10 million yuan was 1459 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.7%, and the industrial added value was 588 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.3%. Among the three industries, the proportion of the secondary industry increased from 37.36 in 2012 to 39.29 in 2013.

In 2019, the output value of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size will reach 600 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 12%; it is estimated that the added value of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size will reach 263 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 5.5%. Among them, the output value in December was 52.052 million yuan, up 11.6% year on year.

From January to December in 2019, the scale is mainly from

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