Gaizhou City, Yingkou City, Liaoning Province

Gaizhou, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province and managed by Yingkou City, is located in the northwest of Liaodong Peninsula. It is a stepped landform with high in the East and low in the West. It has four distinct seasons and abundant sunshine. It covers a total area of 3133.38 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over 8 streets, 16 towns and 3 townships. In 2015, it had a total population of 698938.

As early as the Han Dynasty, Gaizhou was an important town in Northeast China where merchants gathered. In the middle of Qing Dynasty, it became the "thoroughfare of wealth" in Northeast China. It was the birthplace of shadow play and stilt Yangko in southern Liaoning. Shadow play art and Gaizhou Yangko were identified as national intangible cultural heritage. It was the nearest port to the sea in Northeast China. Zhongchang electrified railway, Harbin Dalian passenger dedicated line, Shenyang Dalian Expressway, Gaizhuang expressway, Harbin Dalian highway, Liaoning Binhai Road and Zhuanglin road run through the whole area. One hour's drive from Gaizhou can reach Dalian Zhoushuizi airport and Shenyang Taoxian airport. Yingkou airport, which has been put into operation, is close to Gaizhou.

In 2017, the GDP of Gaizhou city was 16.27 billion yuan, the general public budget revenue was 810 million yuan, the investment in fixed assets was 7.7 billion yuan, the added value of scale industry was 3.95 billion yuan, and the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 8.16 billion yuan.

Historical evolution

As early as 2000 years ago in the Han Dynasty, Gaizhou was an important business town in Eastern Liaoning. In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, it became the "thoroughfare of wealth and goods" in Northeast China, and "famous in eight min areas, with sound reaching three rivers".

During the Warring States period, Gaizhou belonged to Liaodong County of Yan state.

After Qin unified the six states, it still belonged to Liaodong Prefecture.

In the Western Han and Wei Jin Dynasties, Wenxian county (Tangchi in Dashiqiao City today) was set up in the north and Pingguo County (Xiongyue city today) in the south, which was under the jurisdiction of Liaodong county.

The former Yan, the former Qin and the later Yan in the Sixteen Kingdoms period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty belong to Pingguo County of Pingzhou. After the establishment of Beiyan in 407, the territory was once divided by Koguryo, and Jianan city (now gaolicheng, Qingshiling town) was built and Jianan county was established.

In the first year of Tang Zongzhang (668), Jian'an Prefecture was set up in Jian'an city.

In Liao Dynasty, Chenzhou was set up in Jian'an City, so Gaixian county is called ancient Chenzhou.

Chenzhou was changed into Gaizhou in Jin Dynasty.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Gaizhou road was set up, and its administrative office was still located in Jian'an city. In 1269, Xiongyue and Tangchi counties were merged into Jian'an county. In 1271, Jian'an county was incorporated into Gaizhou.

In 1371, Gaizhou was changed to gaizhouwei. The next year, the new town (now Gaizhou city) will be rebuilt.

Qing Kangxi three years (1664) home GAIPING County, under the fengtianfu. The name of "GAIPING" is derived from the first words of the two historical place names of "Gaizhou" and "Pingguo".

In 1945, after the victory of September 3, the people's Government of GAIPING county was established under the jurisdiction of southern Liaoning administrative office. In June 1946, Wanfu county was set up in Wanfu village. In June 1947, GAIPING county was liberated. In October 1948, Wanfu county was abolished and merged into GAIPING County, which was under the jurisdiction of Liaodong province.

In 1954, it was a county under the jurisdiction of Yingkou City.

GAIPING people's commune was established in October 1958.

In March 1959, the commune of GAIPING county was abolished and the people's Committee of GAIPING county was restored.

In January 1965, it was renamed Gaixian by the decision of the State Council.

On November 3, 1992, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved the abolition of Gaixian and the establishment of Gaizhou city (county level).

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1996, Gaizhou had jurisdiction over 2 streets, 15 towns and 21 townships: Gulou Street, Xicheng street, Gaotun Town, Nuanquan Town, Chengguan Town, Qingshiling Town, Taiyangsheng Town, Shagang Town, Tuanshan Town, Lutun Town, Hongqi Town, Jiuzhai Town, Guizhou town, jiulongdi Town, Wanfu Town, Wolongquan Town, Xiongyue Town, damiaogou Town, bangshibao Town, tuandian Town, Xutun Town, Anping town and Shuang town Taixiang, chentun, Yangyun, luotun, Shizijie, Yangtun, Kuangdonggou, Taipingzhuang, Liangtun, wangxingren, xiaoshipeng, ertai, Guoyuan, Xihai, honghuayu and Baiguo. The municipal government is in Xicheng.

In 1996, Yangyun township was abolished and Yangyun town was established.

In 1997, bangshibao Township, tuandian Township and Shuangtai Township were abolished, and bangshibao Town, tuandian town and Shuangtai town were established.

In 1998, Xutun Township, Kuangdonggou Township and Shizijie Township were abolished and Xutun Town, Kuangdonggou town and Shizijie town were established.

In 1999, chentun Township and Liangtun Township were abolished and chentun town and Liangtun town were established.

Zoning details

By 2018, Gaizhou has 8 streets, 16 towns and 3 townships. The Municipal People's government is located at 2 Shifu street, Xicheng street.

geographical environment

Location context

Gaizhou city is located in the south of Liaoning Province, the middle northwest of Liaodong Peninsula, the east coast of Bohai Sea, the junction of Liaohe plain and Liaonan hilly area. It is located at 39 ° 55 ′ 12 ″ n to 40 ° 33 ′ 55 ″ E and 121 ° 5 ′ 44 ″ e to 122 ° 53 ′ 26 ″ e, with a maximum transverse distance of 80 km from east to west and a maximum longitudinal distance of 70 km from north to south. The whole territory is located in the south of Yingkou area, adjacent to the old border region and Dashiqiao City in the north, Bohai Sea and Bayuquan District in the west, Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County and Zhuanghe City in the East, Pulandian district and Wafangdian City in Dalian City in the south, with a total area of 3133.38 square kilometers.

topographic features

Gaizhou landform is characterized by "Six Mountains, three rivers and one farmland", which belongs to the hilly area of southern Liaoning. The low mountains and hills in the East and southeast are the extension of Qianshan vein, and the plains in the West and northwest form the stepped landform of high in the East and low in the West. The western coastal area is 5 meters above sea level, which is the lowest point in the county. The plain area is 19 meters above sea level, the hilly area is 48 meters above sea level, and the low mountain area is 170 meters above sea level. Buyun mountain, located at the junction of luotun Township and Zhuanghe County, is 1130 meters above sea level, the highest point in southern Liaoning. The soil composition is mainly brown soil, which is distributed in the western plain and the eastern low mountains and hills. Some meadow soil is also distributed in the river valleys and beaches. A small amount of saline soil is distributed in the coastal zone, and a small amount of aeolian sandy soil is distributed in the southwest.

climate

Gaizhou city belongs to the warm temperate continental monsoon climate, with four distinct seasons, sufficient sunshine, moderate cold and heat, mild and pleasant, the annual average temperature is 6.9 ~ 9.5 ℃, and the temperature decreases with the increase of terrain from west to East. The extreme maximum temperature is 36.6 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 28.5 ℃, the annual frost free period is 170-186 days, and the annual precipitation is 600-790 mm. From west to East, the frost free period is gradually shortened and the precipitation is gradually increased. The annual sunshine hours are 2761 hours in plain area and 2100 hours in mountainous area. The annual average wind speed is 3.1 m / s.

hydrology

The main rivers in Gaizhou are Daqing River and Biliu river. Daqing River originates from Bapanling, Jianyi Town, Dashiqiao City. It flows from Huangtuling Town, Dashiqiao City to Bohai Sea, Xihai street. The flow is 61.5 km and the drainage area is 720.3 square km. Biliu river originates from yangdingzi mountain in Wolongquan Town, passes Zhuanghe City and Pulandian District of Dalian in the south, and enters into the Yellow Sea. Its flow is 92.3 km and its drainage area is 1320.5 square km. In addition, there are dozens of smaller rivers such as Xiongyue River, Fudu River and Shahe River.

natural resources

water resource

Gaizhou city is rich in fresh water resources, of which yushidong and Shimen reservoirs store more than 100 million cubic meters; the city has more than 50 kilometers of coastline, 56000 mu of beaches and 200000 mu of shallow water.

plant resources

There are 181 species of woody plants belonging to 87 genera of 40 families and 183 species of herbaceous plants belonging to 124 genera of 50 families in Gaizhou city. The dominant woody plants are Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii, Larix olgensis, Larix gmelinii, etc.; the rare woody plants are Ginkgo biloba, Korean pine, Phellodendron amurense, Fraxinus mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica, etc.; the herbs are Artemisia argyi, mustard, purslane, Tribulus terrestris, reed, etc.

Animal resources

There are 278 species of wild animals belonging to 166 genera of 66 families in Gaizhou City, including 240 species of birds belonging to 135 genera of 48 families, such as Yan falcon, gray backed falcon, red footed falcon, hazelnut pheasant, mandarin duck, etc.; 25 species of mammals belonging to 23 genera of 12 families, such as leopard cat, badger, otter, red fox, raccoon dog, etc.; 5 species of amphibians belonging to 3 families and 5 genera; 8 species of reptiles belonging to 3 families and 5 genera. There are more than 60 kinds of fishes, shrimps, crabs, shellfish, jellyfish, kelp and cabbages in coastal waters. There are more than 30 species of fish, shrimps, crabs and mussels in rivers, reservoirs and ponds. There are more than 20 kinds of fish, such as Spanish mackerel, Japanese bass, salamander, hairtail, etc.

mineral resources

The main minerals discovered in Gaizhou include gold, iron, lead, zinc, zircon, silica, fluorite, marble for cement, quartzite, dolomite, marble, refractory soil, granite, pyrite, phosphate, magnesite, potash feldspar, dolomite, diatomite, barite, geothermal, mineral water, Haihe sand, brick clay, etc Among them, gold, silica, white marble and granite are the main minerals. Among them, the gold reserves reach 100 tons, and Wolongquan mine, which has been put into production, has an annual output of nearly 10000 taels of gold. Granite reserves reach 1.2 billion cubic meters.

population

In 2015, there were 248201 households with a total population of 698938, including 229590 urban residents. There are 16 ethnic groups in the city, including Han, Manchu, Hui, Korean, Mongolian, Xibe, Zhuang, Li, Tujia, Yao, Miao, Buyi, Daur, Ewenki, Tibetan and Oroqen.

Politics

Economics

overview

In 2015, the GDP of Gaizhou city was 19.67 billion yuan, with an annual growth of 3.8%. The public budget income was 1.012 billion yuan, down 8.2% from the previous year. The investment in fixed assets was 14.68 billion yuan, and the rural per capita income was 11800 yuan.

In 2017, the Gross Regional Product of Gaizhou City reached 16.27 billion yuan, and the general public budget revenue was real

Chinese PinYin : Liao Ning Sheng Ying Kou Shi Gai Zhou Shi