Xinbalhuyou banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

New balhuyou banner new balhuyou banner (referred to as New Right Banner) is one of the 19 border banners (cities) and 23 animal husbandry banners in the autonomous region. It is located in the northeast border of the motherland (115 ° 31 ′ - 117 ° 43 ′ e, 47 ° 36 ′ - 49 ° 50 ′ n) and the junction of China, Russia and Mongolia in the west of Hulunbuir city. The northeast is adjacent to Manzhouli, the largest land port city in China. The border line is 515.4 kilometers long, including 467.4 kilometers of China Mongolia border and 48 kilometers of China Russia border.

Xinbalhuyou banner is a frontier minority area with Mongolian as the main body and 11 ethnic groups, including Han, Daur, Ewenki, Oroqen, Hui and man.

Historical evolution

Balhu is one of the tribe names of Mongolian kalka tribe. Because the balhu people of this banner arrived in Hulunbuir two years later than the balhu people of Chen Bahu banner, it is named new balhu. In Mongolian, West is called right.

In 1732, the Qing government divided into two groups from the Chechen Khanate of butha and kalka Mongolia, and moved the balhu tribe to Hulunbeier to live as a herdsman. It is composed of eight banners on the left and right wings, and is subordinate to Hulunbeier's vice governor Yamen.

Xinbalhu Right Banner was established in 1948.

In 1997, xinbalhuyou banner covers an area of 25102 square kilometers and has a population of 32000, of which 79% are Mongolian. It has jurisdiction over 1 town and 11 Sumu: alatanermole Town, adenchulu Sumu, Hulun Sumu, Dalai Sumu, dalaidong Sumu, Kelun Sumu, hangulasumu, baogedeulasumu, Saihantala Sumu, Arshan Sumu, Erdun ulasumu and Beier Sumu. The flag government is located in alatanermole town.

In 2000, new balhuyou banner governed one town and 11 Sumu.

administrative division

New balhuyou banner governs 2 Sumu (belsumu, kerlunsumu), 3 towns (alatanermole Town, arihasat Town, Hulun town), and 1 ranch (aoerjin Ranch).

geographical environment

Location context

New balhuyou banner (hereinafter referred to as New Right Banner) is one of the 19 border banners (cities) and 23 animal husbandry banners in the autonomous region. It is located in the northeast border of the motherland (115 ° 31 ′ - 117 ° 43 ′, 47 ° 36 ′ - 49 ° 50 ′, East longitude) and the junction of China, Russia and Mongolia in the west of Hulunbuir city. The northeast is adjacent to Manzhouli, the largest land port city in China. The border line is 515.4 kilometers long, including 467.4 kilometers of China Mongolia border and 48 kilometers of China Russia border. The total area of new balhuyou banner is 25194 square kilometers.

details

geology

The geological structure of xinbalhuyou banner is controlled by the uplift in the western margin of Hailaer basin, the third Neocathaysian subsidence zone, and it is the Erguna trough Anticline of Daxinganling fold belt. The strata are mainly volcanic rocks of Mesozoic Middle Jurassic structural layer (J2), with light altered black, brown, grayish green, dark red andesite, andesite porphyrite, andesite basalt, etc.; the pyroclastic rocks developed in Late Jurassic structural layer (J3), with gray, grayish white, grayish green, grayish purple, grayish yellow intermediate acid lava and tuff, acid lava, tuff breccia The volcanic rocks developed in the late Jurassic (J3) structural layer consist of andesite, andesite basalt, basalt, intercalated acid volcanic rocks and pyroclastic rocks; the acidic volcanic rocks developed in the late Jurassic (J3) structural layer consist of gray, gray white, gray yellow, purple and gray rhyolite and rhyolite They are mainly composed of limestone, perlite, acid volcanic rock and tuff. The above-mentioned Mesozoic volcanic rock formations are distributed in the low mountain areas to the west of Hulun Lake and to the north of Kelulun River, as well as the first-order platform hilly area and the second-order platform hilly area. The upper part is composed of grey, grayish brown, grayish black mudstone, gravelly mudstone, interbedded with thin argillaceous siltstone and gypsum, and the lower part is composed of grey, dark grey glutenite and argillaceous or calcareous intermediate acid volcanic rocks. The basement is the upper Jurassic Xing'anling volcanic rock formation (J3s), which is distributed in the krulun River graben .

landforms

The geomorphic unit of the banner belongs to Hulunbeier fault basin. The strike of mountains and the flow direction of rivers are mostly consistent with the geological structure line, that is, the mountains are mostly from northeast to southwest, while Hulun Lake and Kelulun River are developed along the fault line.

The West Bank of Dalai Lake and the north of krulun River belong to low mountains and hills. The altitude is generally 650-1000 meters, the highest is Bayan Wula mountain, the altitude is 1011 meters, and the lowest is Alxa Chagannur area, the altitude is 504 meters. The topography of xinbalhu Right Banner is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and the layered topography is obvious. According to this, it can be divided into three sub geomorphic units: denudation topography, erosion topography and accumulation topography.

In addition to the above geomorphic types, there are more micro topography in xinbalhuyou banner. For example, there are a lot of enclosed depressions (tens of square meters), alluvial fans, denudation mounds (south of lanqimiao, the top is round, several meters to tens of meters above the ground, mostly formed by water erosion and ice erosion), fault cliffs (the most typical granite denudation area in the North mountain of adenchulu), aeolian sand mounds and sand hills (mainly in the west of Huanghua village and along the banks of rivers and lakes).

Climatic characteristics

The climate of xinbalhuyou banner is a mid temperate continental arid climate with four distinct seasons.

Spring: in early spring, xinbalhuyou banner is still affected by the Mongolian high pressure. With the increase of solar radiation, the warm air begins to move northward. In Mongolia, the cold and warm air exchange frequently, the temperature is changeable, and there are often strong winds. The average wind speed this season is 5.7 meters per second, the highest in the four seasons. The average temperature in the first ten days of April is - 15 ℃, and it can rise to 2.8 ℃ in the first ten days of April, and it can rise to about 11.6 ℃ in the middle of May. The most obvious climate feature of this season is less precipitation and more evaporation. The average precipitation in spring over the years is 20 mm, accounting for 10% of the annual total, while the evaporation in the same period is 551 mm, which is 27-28 times of the precipitation. Therefore, it is said that there is a "drought in spring in ten years".

Summer: the temperature rises rapidly in early summer, from 14.9 ℃ in late May to 21.2 ℃ in late June. The average temperature in June and August is basically the same, about 19.0 ℃. July is the month with the highest annual temperature, with an average temperature of 21.3 ℃. The average precipitation in this season is 186.0 mm, accounting for 75% of the annual total. This season is characterized by high temperature and high precipitation, while the average wind speed is only 3.6 meters per second, which is the smallest in the four seasons.

Autumn: in this season, due to the weakening of sunlight radiation, the cold air increases rapidly, and the temperature rises and falls rapidly in late September, with the arrival of frost. By the middle of October, the average temperature had dropped below 0 ℃. The precipitation in this season is significantly less than that in summer, with an average precipitation of only 33.8 mm, accounting for 14% of the annual total.

Winter: due to the control of Mongolia high pressure, northwest wind prevails. The precipitation in winter is very little, with an average of 7.5mm, accounting for only 2% of the annual total. January is the coldest month, with an average temperature of - 22.5 ℃. The whole winter is dry, cold and long, and the climate is harsh.

natural resources

mineral resources

There are abundant underground mineral resources in xinbalhuyou banner. According to the exploration of the geological team of Heilongjiang Province, the famous deripur nonferrous metal mineralization in Hulunbuir league starts from erentolgoi in new balhuyou banner in the south, and extends to deripur in erzuoqi through Wula, chaganprague, wunuketu mountain, Badaguan and bay181 in Chenqi. Up to 2009, two large-scale silver lead polymetallic deposits, one large-scale copper molybdenum deposit, one medium-sized silver deposit, one lead-zinc and silver zinc deposit, and 10 small-scale deposits and occurrences have been found in xinbalhuyou banner. The proven mineral resources mainly include gold, silver, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, manganese, iron, tungsten, tin, bismuth and more than ten kinds of metals, as well as coal, mirabilite, agate, silica, petroleum, fluorite, gypsum, limestone, marble, bentonite, turquoise and other non-metallic deposits. The reserves of large deposits are: baiyinjia Wula lead zinc mine, Chaganbulagen silver lead zinc mine, errentaolegai manganese silver mine, Wunugetushan copper molybdenum mine, xiwuritushan coal mine, etc.

Biological resources

As of 2009, there are 472 species of wild plants belonging to 232 genera and 66 families in xinbalhuyou banner, among which 297 species belong to 152 genera and 44 families, accounting for 67%, 66% and 63% of the total.

There are 4 orders, 6 families and 26 species of fish in Dalai Lake and its adjacent waters (Cyprinidae, loach family, catfish family, carassiforme, Salmonidae, COD family, monoptera, pike family). Cypriniformes are dominant in Cyprinidae, with the exception of 2 species of Salmonidae, 2 species of loach family and 1 species of COD, pike and catfish, the other 19 species are Cyprinidae. Among the 19 species of Cyprinidae, there are 2 species of Yaluo Cyprininae, 3 species of bream subfamily, 2 species of Cyprininae, 22 species of Cypriniformes in 3 families, and only 4 species of non Cypriniformes. There are 241 species of birds in Hulun Lake area, such as Swan, seagull, crane, duck, heron and so on. There are more than 30 kinds of fish in the lake, mainly carp, crucian carp, catfish and other economic fish.

Up to 2009, there are 35 species of mammals in 13 families, 6 orders. According to the characteristics of grassland landscape in new balhuyou banner, the territory is dominated by small mammals, without large carnivores and herbivores (according to local residents, there were wild horses in the 1950s). Among the 35 species, there are 15 species of rodents in 6 families of 2 orders, accounting for 42.86% of the total species. In terms of quantity, rodents are also the dominant species of mammals in this area. Although there are not many kinds of rodent natural enemies, the number of them is very small, which is not enough to form the inhibition factor of rodent occurrence.

There are 17 orders and 38 families of birds in xinbalhuyou banner, mainly geese, geese and birds

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Hu Lun Bei Er Shi Xin Ba Er Hu You Qi