Wengniute Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Wengniute Banner, located in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is located in Wudan town. It was founded in 1636. With a total area of 11889 square kilometers, it has a temperate continental monsoon climate. There are abundant mineral resources such as fluorite, phosphorite and perlite. Medicinal plants are licorice, seabuckthorn, etc. Wengniute, originally the name of the Mongolian tribe, is translated as "sacred mountain" in Mongolian. Bayandaihongguli, the ancestor of Wengniute tribe, is the 20th grandson of Genghis Khan.

Wengniute Banner has proved to have mining value of gold, copper, zinc, limestone, fluorite, phosphorite, perlite, lignite, clay, etc., of which lead and zinc and other non-ferrous metal reserves are the most. At the same time, there are some wild plants and medicinal materials with high economic value such as mushrooms, apricots, seabuckthorn, etc.

Wengniute Banner is an arid and semi-arid disaster area with complex natural conditions.

In March 2020, the people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region agreed to withdraw Wengniute Banner from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

Wengniute Banner has a long history. As early as 10000 years ago, there was human existence. In the Neolithic age, the ancestors living in this area created the "Hongshan Culture".

The types of primitive human culture named by the National Archaeological circles in the territory include Xinglongwa culture in the early Neolithic period from 8150 to 7350 B.C., Zhaobaogou culture in the middle Neolithic period from 7150 to 6420 B.C., Hongshan Culture in the middle and late Neolithic period from 6660 to 4870 B.C., Fuhe culture in the late Neolithic period from 5300 B.C., Xiaoheyan culture in the late Neolithic period from 5000 to 4870 B.C., and 4500 B.C The Lower Xiajiadian Culture in the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age of the north in 4200. The stone tools, bone wares, pottery, bronzes and other artifacts unearthed from archaeology prove that the primitive ancestors in the territory had lived a primitive life of farming, fishing and animal husbandry more than 8000 years ago.

Wengniute area used to be the breeding place of northern minorities such as Shang, Donghu, Hun, Wuhuan, Xianbei, Kumoxi, Qidan, Mongolia and so on. From the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the spring and Autumn period, the Shang and Donghu people mainly lived in this area. The administrative division belongs to Jizhou, one of the legendary ancient Chinese Kyushu.

Wengniute Banner is located in Donghu area from spring and autumn to Qin Dynasty, Wuhuan area in Western Han Dynasty and Xianbei area in western Liaoning Province in Eastern Han Dynasty. Wei is Xianbei in the East. The Western Jin Dynasty belongs to xianbeiyu Culture Department, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty is Kumoxi in the West and Qidan in the East. The Sui Dynasty was the land of Khitan. He lived in songmo Prefecture.

Liao set Kuang Yijun Festival, belong to Shangjing road. In the third year of qianheng (981), the Yongzhou army was set up to observe, which was under the jurisdiction of zhangzhuoguan, and unified the three counties of Changning, Yifeng and CIREN. Liao Taizu set up "South Building" in Yongzhou, which is one of the famous fourth buildings of Qidan. Emperor Taizu after the line account of the winter in guangpingdu. The fourth floor of Khitan is the core of the country. There is Yongzhou site in the new sumosumu area of this banner. Fengzhou was set up in the 13th year of Liao Tong he (995), which was the first military state and later named Chengzhou. Today Wudan is the hometown of Liaofeng Prefecture.

Yongzhou was changed into Changning County in Jin Dynasty, belonging to linyanfu road. Chengzhou was changed into Quanzhou, where Pan'an and Jiedu envoys were set up, and the state security was abundant. It governed Luchuan county and Jingfeng county.

In 1632, Xun duling and Dong daiqing led their troops to submit to the emperor.

Qing Chongde first year (1636) flag, known as Wengniute left wing flag.

In May 1947, Wengniute Left Banner was renamed weng'ao United banner.

On March 20, 1949, weng'ao United banner was renamed Wengniute Banner. On March 6, 1956, Wudan county was abolished and its territory was incorporated into Wengniute Banner.

In November 1983, the establishment of Zhaowuda League was abolished, and Wengniute Banner was under the jurisdiction of Chifeng City.

administrative division

The 8 towns of wnntd are the towns of the wutuotou banner (Wutan Town, Qiaotou town, Wutong Flower Town, Guangde Town, Yi Gong town, five didi Town, Wutun Town, haylash town), 1 township (Shandong Township, liberation Village, hairy Township, Shandong), 4 Suu (ash, suzmou, new white, and Seng Sumu, 6 national farms) Huayang farm, denglonghe ranch, Daxing farm), 229 villagers' committees.

physical geography

Location context

Wengniute Banner is located in the middle of Chifeng City, the upper reaches of Xiliao River and the west end of Horqin Sandy Land in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, between 42 ° 26 ′ - 43 ° 25 ′ N and 117 ° 49 ′ - 120 ° 43 ′ E. It is adjacent to Aohan banner and Songshan District of Chifeng City in the south, Keshiketeng Banner in the west, Linxi County, Balinyou banner, aruhorqin banner and Kailu County of Tongliao City in the north, and Naiman Banner of Tongliao City in the East. The total land area is 11889 square kilometers.

topographic features

Wengniute Banner is located in the southwest section of Daxing'an Mountains and the north end of Qilaotu mountains, and the west edge of Horqin sandy land.

It is about 250 km long from east to west and 84 km wide from north to south. It is mountainous in the West and sandy plain in the East. The terrain is high in the West and low in the East, and the altitude gradually decreases from 2025 meters to 286 meters. The land structure can be summarized as "five sands, four mountains and one farmland". The geomorphic features from west to East are in the following three types: the western middle mountain platform, the middle low mountains and hills, and the eastern plain sand dunes.

climate

Wengqi is a typical mid temperate semi-arid continental monsoon climate. The main factors affecting the climate are geographical environment and atmospheric circulation. Wengniute Banner is long and narrow from east to west, and the altitude increases from east to west. Affected by it, the climate changes significantly from east to west. Generally, the precipitation increases from east to west, while the heat decreases from east to west. Due to the narrow north-south climate, the influence of latitude is not obvious. Weng banner is located in the southeast of Mongolia high pressure. Under its control and influence, northerly wind prevails in winter, and the weather is sunny and dry. It is a place where cold air passes by, and it is easy to form cold wave and other gale cooling weather. In spring, the Pacific high and Indian Ocean low in the South intersect with the Mongolian high in the north, resulting in frequent cyclone activity, changeable weather and changeable temperature. Summer is mainly controlled by the Western Pacific subtropical high, the summer monsoon is obvious, the moisture content in the atmosphere increases, and precipitation is easy to form. In autumn, the Mongolian High strengthens again, the Pacific subtropical high weakens and moves southward, the rainy season stops and the weather is cool.

hydrology

The main rivers in Wengniute Banner are shaolang River, Weitang River, Wufendi River, sidaozhangfang River and yangchangzi River, which belong to Xilamulun River and Laoha river. The buridon River, the Gan River and the wupai River are inland rivers. In dry season, except for the Xilamulun River, the rest of the rivers are cut off or segmented. The average annual runoff is 263 million cubic meters, the average runoff coefficient is 0.067, the average runoff is 22 mm, and the river network density is 0.11 km / km2.

natural resources

water resource

The water resources of Wengniute Banner are the most abundant in Chifeng area. As of 2011, the total amount of water resources is 1.155 billion cubic meters, including 677.3 million cubic meters of groundwater and 680 million cubic meters of available water resources. Hongshan reservoir, one of the 36 large reservoirs in China, is located here.

Wind energy resources

70% of the total wind time (more than 3 M / s) can drive wind turbines to generate electricity. The available wind energy time is 3000-4500 hours per year, and the effective wind energy density is 100-200 w / m2. It has the best wind farms in Inner Mongolia, and nine large-scale wind farms can achieve an installed capacity of more than 2 million kilowatts.

mineral resources

As of 2011, Wengniute Banner has preliminarily proved that the non-ferrous metal deposits with mining value include gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, antimony, etc., with reserves of about 48 million tons. The non-metallic minerals include zeolite, perlite, fluorite, pyrophyllite, limestone, etc., with reserves of about 280 million tons. The marble reserves of zeolite, perlite, fluorite, pyrophyllite, limestone, etc., with reserves of about 500 million cubic meters, and the lignite reserves About 190 million tons, 132 million tons can be mined, the average wax content is 3.7%, and the reserves of high-quality industrial wax clay resources are about 700 million cubic meters.

Biological resources

As of 2011, there are 475 species of wild animals and plants, including 36 species, mainly poplar, elm and larch. Medicinal plants are licorice, ephedra, Convolvulus, peony, wolfberry, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, astragalus, etc. Wild animals include roe deer, yellow sheep, wolf, fox, badger, swan, grey crane, stork, bean goose, etc.

Population nationality

As of 2010, the total population of Wengniute Banner was 486000. It is a multi-ethnic area with Mongolian as the main body and Han as the majority. There are 10 ethnic groups including Mongolian, Han, Manchu, Hui and Zhuang. The natural growth rate of population is 3.82 ‰. The minority population accounts for 15.1% of the total population.

Transportation

Wudan Town, the seat of Wengniute Banner government, is about 500 kilometers away from Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang and other cities, and more than 300 kilometers away from Jinzhou, Qinhuangdao and other port cities. National Highway 305, 306 and provincial highway 205 run from north to south, connecting Chengde, Beijing and Tianjin in the south, Ximeng and Erlianhaote in the north. There are two county-level highways across the banner, Tongliao in the East and Bashang in Hebei in the West. Chi Da expressway, Chi Da Bai railway and Ba Xin railway are connected with the national expressway network and railway network.

Economics

overview

In 2016, the GDP reached 15396.89 million yuan, an increase of 6.7% over the previous year at comparable prices. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 4310.94 million yuan, an increase of 3.7%; the added value of the secondary industry was 6766.88 million yuan, an increase of 7.2%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 4319.07 million yuan, an increase of 7.3%. The per capita GDP of the whole banner was 36859 yuan, an increase of 6.2% over the previous year. The added value of the primary industry accounts for 28.0% of the GDP, and the added value of the secondary industry covers an area of land