Fengman District, Jilin City, Jilin Province

Fengman District, located in the south of Jilin City, Fengman District is located in the transition zone from Changbai Mountain to Songnen Plain. It is mountainous in the southeast and alluvial plain in the northwest, with some hills in between. Jiaohe City in the East, Yongji County in the west, Huadian City in the south, Chuanying district and Changyi district across the river in the north; with a total area of 1032 square kilometers and a total population of 203300 in 2016; it governs six streets, one town and three townships.

Fengman District is adjacent to Songhua Lake. There are zhuqueshan National Forest Park, Wujiashan Forest Park, paotaishan Sports Park, Mopan Mountain, Erdao reservoir, Century Square, Fengfan square, music fountain and other tourist attractions and scenic spots in Fengman District. There are also langtoushan Neolithic site, dongtuanshan ancient Fuyu capital inner palace site "Nanchengzi", and Maoershan ancient tomb, a cultural relic of Bohai period There are many historical sites, such as the stone carvings of Ashe ancient shipyard in Ming Dynasty, the Wangji hall site of Xiaobai mountain in Qing Dynasty, and the Paotai mountain site of the liberation war.

In 2016, Fengman District achieved a GDP of 17.01 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5% over 2015.

Historical evolution

In the Neolithic age, there were human activities in Fengman District.

Yu belonged to sushendi at the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, and to shangyintai County of xuantu County in the third year of the reign of emperor Yuanfeng (108 BC).

In the Jin Dynasty, it was the commander of the school of protecting Dongyi.

From the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Wuji.

In the first year of Tang BAOYING (762), it was under the jurisdiction of Wuzhou in Bohai Sea.

In the Liao Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Tokyo daosu state.

After the establishment of Jinzhen, Jilin was subordinate to jinxianping road.

In Yuan Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Kaiyuan Road.

During the Ming Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of the commander of Liaodong City, and later under the jurisdiction of the commander of nurgan City, it was under the jurisdiction of yihanhewei and songaliwei. During the Jiajing period (1522-1566), it was under the jurisdiction of Wula department. Wanli 41 years (1613) belong to Jianzhou district.

The first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1644) was under the jurisdiction of Shengjing. From the 10th year of Shunzhi to the 4th year of Yongzheng (1653-1726), it was under the jurisdiction of ningguta angbang Zhangjing and ningguta general. From the 4th year of Yongzheng to the 3rd year of Xuantong (1727-1911), it was under the jurisdiction of yongjizhou, Jilin hall and Jilin government.

From 1912 to 1945, it was under the jurisdiction of Jilin Prefecture, Jilin County, Yongji County and Jilin City.

On May 28, 1946, the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army led by the Communist Party of China carried out a strategic shift. The Kuomintang entered Jilin City and set up five districts in the suburbs.

In 1948, Jilin city was liberated and people's power was established. The suburbs (now Fengman District) were under the leadership of Jilin Municipal People's government, with Baishan, Jiangnan, Longtan, Jiangbei and Xinglong districts, and 37 administrative villages under its jurisdiction.

On July 23, 1957, with the approval of the people's Committee of Jilin Province, four district offices were abolished and a suburb of Jilin city was set up, with jurisdiction over 23 townships.

In 1992, the administrative division of Jilin city was adjusted, and Fengman District was established.

administrative division

As of 2016, Fengman District has jurisdiction over 3 townships, 1 town and 6 streets: Jiangnan Township, xiaobaishan Township, qianerdao Township, Wangqi Town, Jiangnan street, Taishan street, Yanfeng street, Shijing street, Fengman street and Hongqi Street. The District People's government is located at 76 Jilin Street.

geographical environment

Location context

Fengman District is located in the south of Jilin City. Its geographical coordinates are 126 ° 21 ′ 38 ″ - 126 ° 56 ′ 22 ″ e, 43 ° 26 ′ 34 ″ - 43 ° 51 ′ 42 ″ n, Jiaohe City in the East, Yongji County in the west, Huadian City in the south, Chuanying District and Changyi district across the river in the north, covering a total area of 1062 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

Fengman District is located in the transition zone from Changbai Mountain area to Songnen Plain, with mountainous area in the southeast and alluvial plain in the northwest, with some hills in between. Among them, mountains are mainly distributed along Songhua Lake in Wangqi Town, xiaobaishan Township and Jiangnan Township, valley plains are mainly distributed along Songhua River and its tributary Wende River, and hills are mainly distributed along duanjiling, Xiaobai mountain and Mopan Mountain on the West Bank of Songhua River, with an altitude of about 200 meters. The mountains in the territory all belong to the aftervein of Changbai Mountain, with an altitude of 400-132m, mainly including Motianling, Dadingzi Mountain, qingshanzi, Fengman Dongshan, etc. Motianling is the highest mountain in the territory, with an altitude of 1320M, which is located in the south of Wangqi town. The ridge is the boundary between Fengman District and Huadian city. The geology of Fengman area is formed by tectonic movement in different periods. In the Tertiary period, the southeast part of the area gradually uplifted, and in the Quaternary period, the flat and low-lying areas were gradually covered by gravel and loess like clay due to river erosion, forming mountains, platforms and valley plains.

climate

The climate of Fengman District belongs to the continental climate of cold temperate monsoon type, with obvious changes in four seasons and monsoon advance and retreat. It is characterized by dry spring with more gales; warm summer with concentrated precipitation; early frost in autumn with more sunny days; long, cold and dry winter. The average annual precipitation of the whole region is 674 mm. The average frost free period is 134 days, which is slightly less in the southeast mountainous area. The average final frost period is on May 10 and the first frost period is on September 22. The average accumulated temperature from May to September is 2800.4 ℃, which can meet the growth needs of crops in medium maturity period. The annual average sunshine hours are 2438 hours, 2802 hours at most and 1971 hours at least. The annual average sunshine percentage is 55%, the maximum is 63%, and the minimum is 44%. The percentage of sunshine from February to march is more than 60%, and less than 50% in July.

hydrology

Fengman District has developed water systems, among which the rivers belong to Songhua River system, mainly including Songhua River, Wende River, Wangqi River, shijinggou River, qingduan River, etc. Songhua River is the largest river in the territory. It originates from Tianchi of Changbai Mountain and flows into Heilongjiang Province. It is one of the main sources of domestic water and farmland water in coastal cities. The only lake in the territory is Songhua Lake, namely Fengman reservoir. It is an artificial lake formed after the closure of the dam of Fengman Hydropower Station in 1942. From January to April, the lake surface freezes and the ice thickness is 0.3 to 1 meter. In addition, there are Dashitou River, fengmantun River, yangjiahe River, tangjiaweizi River, etc.

natural resources

Biological resources

Among the wild plants in Fengman District, there are more than 590 species in 99 families, such as edible plants, wild vegetables, wild fruits, wild fungi, starch raw materials plants, various wild Chinese herbal medicine plants, wild spice plants, wild honey plants, weaving raw materials plants and wild ornamental plants. There are more than 40 kinds of wildlife, including annelids, molluscs, fish, amphibians, reptiles, various birds and various wild mammals. There are 126 kinds of birds and 47 kinds of fish. The dominant tree species are oak, birch, poplar, Tilia amurensis, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica in natural forest, and larch, Pinus koraiensis and Pinus sylvestris in artificial forest. Cultivated crops include all kinds of grain, oil, cash crops, vegetables and potatoes, and cultivated animals include all kinds of livestock, poultry and domesticated wild animals.

mineral resources

There are eight kinds of minerals in Fengman District: iron ore, copper ore, lead ore, zinc ore, granite, clay, basalt and silica. Granite, clay and silica have been developed, of which granite reserves are 350 million cubic meters, and the main varieties are Baishi, Hongshi and yulanhua. Silica is mainly distributed in Dashi village of Wangqi Town, where a small amount of mining has been carried out; clay deposits are distributed in the hilly areas of Jiangnan Township, xiaobaishan Township, qianerdao Township and Fengman Township, with an annual mining capacity of 400000 cubic meters; in Dadingzi Mountain of Wangqi Town, gold, copper, iron, lead, zinc and other non-ferrous metal deposits have been proved, but the reserves have not yet been determined.

water resource

The Songhua River section in Fengman District is about 30 kilometers long, flows through 2 townships and 3 streets, with an average flow of 426 cubic meters per second. It is one of the main sources of domestic water and agricultural water for coastal cities in Fengman District. Fengman reservoir in the territory has an average water depth of 40 meters, the deepest depth of which can reach 70 meters during the wet season, and the designed storage capacity is 10.8 billion cubic meters. In other surface water, the direct effective rainfall is 120 mm, the annual runoff is 238 mm, and the total amount of water is 6.4 billion cubic meters. The distribution of groundwater is uneven. The thickness of gravel pore phreatic aquifer in the valley basin along the main stream of Songhua River ranges from 10 to 70 meters. The water inflow of a single well ranges from 1000 to 5000 tons per day, and the maximum water inflow can reach 9000 tons, which is rich in groundwater. The Wulihe Valley is next, with the aquifer thickness ranging from 6 to 18 meters. Due to its small permeability coefficient, the water inflow of a single well ranges from 100 to 500 tons. The other types of groundwater are less, so it is difficult to exploit and utilize Not much.

Population nationality

population

By the end of 2016, the total population of Fengman District was 203266 (registered residence population), an increase of 1.4% over 2015. In the total population, the rural population is 85635, accounting for 42.1% of the total population; the urban population is 117631, accounting for 57.9% of the total population. The male population is 100386, accounting for 49.4% of the total population, and the female population is 102880, accounting for 50.6% of the total population. The natural population growth rate of the whole region was 1.88 ‰, 1.07 ‰ higher than that in 2015. There were 1205 people born in the whole year, with a birth rate of 5.92 ‰, 823 people died and a mortality rate of 4.04 ‰.

nation

There are 12 ethnic groups in Fengman District, including Han, Manchu, Korean, Hui, Mongolian, Zhuang, Yao, Tujia, Tu, Qiang, Xibo and Daur.

Economics

comprehensive

In 2016, Fengman District achieved a GDP of 17010.12 million yuan, a year-on-year growth of 7.5%, and the growth rate was 0.8% higher than that in 2015. Among them: the added value of the primary industry was 844.44 million yuan, an increase of 6.2% over the same period last year; the added value of the secondary industry was 9.9%

Chinese PinYin : Ji Lin Sheng Ji Lin Shi Feng Man Qu