Shihezi, a county-level administrative region directly under the central government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Shihezi Shihezi is a county-level city directly under the central government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It implements the division city integration management system with the eighth division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, and is managed by Xinjiang production and Construction Corps. Located in the middle part of the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain and the south of Junggar basin, it covers an area of 460 square kilometers, 150 kilometers east of Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Shihezi University, one of the two 211 universities in Xinjiang, is located.

Shihezi used to be the headquarters of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, and then the headquarters moved to Urumqi. Shihezi is a new military reclamation City, which is based on farms, led by industry, combined with industry and agriculture, combined with urban and rural areas, and integrated with agriculture, industry and commerce.

In June 2017, Shihezi city was named national health city. In the same year, Shihezi City reexamined and confirmed that it would continue to retain the honorary title of national civilized city. In November 2018, it was selected into the national "happy 100 counties list" in 2018 and ranked in the top 100 of China's urban well-off index in an all-round way. On August 13, 2019, it will be selected as a pilot city for the construction of national urban medical consortium. Top 100 counties and cities in Western China in 2019. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

From Wendi of the Western Han Dynasty to the early Eastern Han Dynasty, Wusun was in the East.

During the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, Rouran, Gaoche and other countries successively occupied the area.

In the second year of Baoding (562) of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Turkic leaf shelter was built in yingshachuan, and Shihezi was under its jurisdiction.

In the third year of Renshou (603) of Sui Dynasty, Turks were divided into East and West, Shihezi belonged to West Turks.

In the 22nd year of Zhenguan (648) of Tang Dynasty, ashinahelu, the leader of Western Turks, attached himself to the Tang Dynasty, so Shihezi belonged to the Tang Dynasty. In the third year of Xianqing (658), the army of Tang Dynasty pacified the rebellion of ashinahelu, and Shihezi was attached to the prefecture of anxidu. After Beiting Duhufu was established, it was under its jurisdiction. In the fifth year of Kaicheng (840), Geluolu and Uighur established the karahan Dynasty, and Shihezi was within its territory.

In the middle of the 12th century, it belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty.

In the early 13th century, it belonged to Chagatai Khanate.

In the Yuan Dynasty, he was attached to xuanweisi at Bishi Bali.

In Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Mongol Khanate.

In the early 15th century, weilat entered the Junggar Basin and Shihezi was under its jurisdiction. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was a nomadic land of hulama in Junggar. In the 26th year of Qianlong (1761) of the Qing Dynasty, the garrison system was established. In the 39th year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty (1774), people were recruited to reclaim the land, and scattered villages were formed in Shihezi. In 1788, Suilai county was established and Shihezi was under the jurisdiction of Suilai county. In 1884, Shihezi was one of the Xixiang villages in Suilai county.

In 1944, Suilai county set up two towns and five townships. Shihezi was one of the five townships.

In September 1945, Shihezi was a town under the jurisdiction of Shawan County.

In October 1950, when the democratic government was established, Shawan County divided its five towns and townships into three districts, Shihezi as the third district, and the district office was stationed in Shihezi.

From 1950 to 1953, the headquarters of the 22nd corps of the Xinjiang Military Region of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, the organs of the political department and their directly subordinate teams, the 26th division, the 8th cavalry division, the Production Corps of the logistics and Transportation Department of the military region, and the 30th regiment of the 7th Cavalry Division successively entered Shihezi for reclamation. Under the unified leadership of the Xinjiang Military Region, Shihezi new town began to be built.

In 1956, as the first group of youth supporting the border areas, more than 50000 people from Henan came to Xinjiang, and nearly 20000 of them came to Shihezi.

In 1961, with the approval of the autonomous region, Xinghuo people's commune was assigned to the production and Construction Corps of Xinjiang Military Region. So far, Shihezi has become a joint development and construction area with the Eighth Agricultural Division as the main body, Shihezi production management office of BINGTUAN and the second engineering construction division as the participants.

In April 1975, the production and Construction Corps of the Xinjiang Military Region of the Chinese people's Liberation Army and its divisions were abolished.

On January 2, 1976, the State Council approved the establishment of Shihezi City, with Shihezi town of Shawan County and parts of Shawan County as its administrative areas. Shihezi district was established, and the regional Revolutionary Committee was stationed in Shihezi city. Shihezi city and Shawan County in Tacheng area will be divided into two groups. Manas County of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture is under the leadership of Shihezi Prefecture. The independent regiment, Wuqi farm, Xinghuo commune and the 145 regiment of the Eighth Agricultural Division of the former Shihezi command of the corps were under the jurisdiction of Shihezi city. Shihezi area is under the jurisdiction of the enterprises and institutions directly under the former corps, all of the Eighth Agricultural Division, six regiments under the seventh agricultural division and Manasi new Lake general field.

On August 5, 1978, the State Council approved the abolition of Shihezi Prefecture and changed Shihezi city to be directly under the central government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Shawan County in yuanshihezi area belongs to Tacheng area, and Manas County belongs to Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture.

In February 1979, Shihezi agricultural industrial and commercial joint enterprise was set up to work with Shihezi municipal office and implement the integration of government and enterprise.

In December 1981, the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps was restored, and the organizational system of the Eighth Agricultural Division was restored at the same time. It was the same organization and two brands with Shihezi agricultural industrial and commercial joint enterprise, and continued to work together with Shihezi real administrative enterprise.

In September 1984, the Party committee and the people's Government of the Autonomous Region decided that Shihezi city is a municipality directly under the central government of the autonomous region, forming a party committee with the Eighth Agricultural Division, which has been called the division city Party committee.

On December 24, 2012, with the approval of the central organization, BINGTUAN renamed 13 agricultural divisions, "Shihezi city of the eighth agricultural construction division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps" to "Shihezi city of the eighth agricultural construction division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps".

administrative division

Division evolution

In November 1958, Shihezi District Office was abolished and spark people's commune was established.

In 1999, with the approval of the Ministry of civil affairs of the State Council and the people's Government of the autonomous region, the people's Government of Beiquan town was formally established to implement the special management system of field town integration with Shihezi general field.

In 2000, Shihezi city governed five streets, one town and one township.

On November 6, 2013, Shihezi town was established, the system of Shihezi township was cancelled, and Shihezi City area was changed into 5 streets and 2 towns.

Zoning details

As of June 2020, Shihezi city has 5 streets and 2 towns: Xincheng street, Xiangyang Street, Hongshan street, Laojie street, Dongcheng Street, Beiquan town and Shihezi town. Shihezi Municipal People's government is located at No. 1, Beisi East Road, Hongshan street.

geographical environment

geographical position

Shihezi (Bashi reclamation area, Shihezi City) is located in the middle part of the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain and the south of Junggar basin, between 84 ° 58 ′ - 86 ° 24 ′ E and 43 ° 26 ′ - 45 ° 20 ′ n. In the East, it is bounded by Manas River and adjacent to Manas County. The south, West and North are connected with Shawan County. It is 150 kilometers away from Urumqi, the capital of the autonomous region, in the East and 549 kilometers away from Yining City, Yili Prefecture, an important border town, in the West. The eighth division governs 14 regimental farms, with a total area of 6007 square kilometers, 2456 square kilometers of arable land and a population of 659000, of which ethnic minorities account for 5.2%. Shihezi city is a county-level city directly under the central government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. With the eighth division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, Shihezi city implements division city integration management system, covering an area of 460 square kilometers

topographic features

The terrain is flat, with an average altitude of 450.8 meters. Inclined from southeast to northwest, it is located in the middle part of the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain and the southern edge of gurbantong ancient super desert. From south to north, the terrain of Shihezi Reclamation area is Tianshan mountain area, piedmont hill area, piedmont inclined plain, flood alluvial plain and aeolian desert area.

Climatic characteristics

Shihezi is a typical temperate continental climate with long and cold winter and short and hot summer.

The frost free period is 168-171 days. The active accumulated temperature of ≥ 0 ℃ is 4023 ℃～ 4118 ℃, and that of ≥ 10 ℃ is 3570 ℃～ 3729 ℃.

The temperature is low in the north and high in the south. The highest temperature in a year occurs in July, with an average temperature of 25.1 ~ 26.1 ℃. The annual precipitation ranges from 125.0 mm to 207.7 mm. In the months with more precipitation in a year, the precipitation in the North mainly occurs in July, may, June and April, with the precipitation of 13.0 mm to 20.0 mm; in the south, it occurs in April, may, July and June, with the precipitation of 21.7 mm to 27.6 mm. In history, the daily maximum rainfall was 39.2mm on August 14, 1999, and the daily maximum snowfall was 19.6mm on January 3, 2000.

The annual sunshine hours in Shihezi are 2721-2818 hours, and the sunshine hours in the north are more than those in the south. The annual average maximum sunshine occurred in July.

The annual average wind speed in Shihezi area (1961-2000) is 1.5m/s, with 32% of static wind, 22% of southerly wind, 17% of westerly wind, 15% of northerly wind and 14% of easterly wind.

soil

The soil in Shihezi is mainly composed of grey desert soil, fluvo aquic soil and meadow soil, and the soil is mainly composed of gravelly soil, sandy soil and clayey soil.

natural resources

water resource

The reclamation area is rich in water resources. There are rivers and springs on the surface. There are five rivers in the area, including Manas River, Ningjia River, Jingou River, Danangou River and bayingou river. The annual runoff of the river is 1.53 billion cubic meters, and the recoverable groundwater is 300 million cubic meters. There are 11 large, medium and small reservoirs with a total storage capacity of 433 million cubic meters. The groundwater dynamic reserve in Shihezi Reclamation area is 1.099 billion cubic meters, and the recoverable amount is 700 million cubic meters.

In 2019, the runoff of water resources in Shihezi city will be 1.333 billion cubic meters, including 1.023 billion cubic meters of surface water resources and 310 million cubic meters of groundwater resources. The fresh water area is 8.40 thousand hectares, of which

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