Zepu County, Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Zepu County, Zepu County, is the abbreviation of "zepuleshan", which gets its name from the Kushan river. It belongs to Kashi region of Xinjiang, and is located in the southwest of Xinjiang, the north foot of Kunlun Mountain, the east side of Karakoram, and the west edge of Taklimakan Desert. It is bounded by Yeerqiang River in the West and faces Shache county. It is adjacent to Yecheng County by tiznafu River in the East and Southeast, and it is bounded by Yecheng County in the southwest. It is a typical desert oasis landform.

The county covers an area of 987.97 square kilometers. With a total population of 200000 (2012), there are 19 ethnic groups, including Uighur, Han, Tajik and Hui, and 77% of them are ethnic minorities.

Historical evolution

Zepleshan, in Tajik language, means "the river of gold". The river has sand gold, so it is named. Zepu, also known as boskham, is a variant of "bostikan" in Uygur, which means "rich land".

In 318 ad, Zepu was a big village of Shache state in the western regions, located on the South Bank of zelepushan river.

In the first year of Yuankang of Han Dynasty (65 BC), King Shache killed 12 envoys to carry on the back of Han Dynasty, and Feng Fengshi, the Marquis of Wei, sent soldiers to kill them and established a new king.

In the second year of shenjue (60bc), Emperor Xuandi of the Han Dynasty set up the capital of the western regions, and Zepu was under the jurisdiction of Shache.

In the fourth year of Yongping (A.D. 61) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yutian merged with Shache state, and Zepu belonged to Tian state. In the 16th year of Yongping (AD 73), Sima banchao of the Han army was appointed in Tian, and Zepu returned to the Han Dynasty.

In the fifth year of the founding of the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 80), Shache fell to Qiuci, accompanied by Zepu. In the second year of Yuanhe (A.D. 85), ban Chao sent soldiers to attack Shache and made Zepu return to the central government.

From the end of Han Dynasty to the Northern Wei Dynasty, Shache was in Shule.

In the fifth year of Kaiyuan (840 A.D.), Uighur entered the territory.

In 1124 ad, it was attached to the Western Liao Dynasty.

In 1218, Genghis Khan conquered the north and south of Tianshan Mountain, and Zepu became a Mongolian territory. In the first year of Baoqing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1225 AD), Zepu was the territory of Chagatai.

Yuan Dade eight years (AD 1304), ruling Zepu.

In the ninth year of Zhengde (1514 AD), Zepu was under the jurisdiction of Yeerqiang Khanate established by saiyide, and was a member of the royal family.

In 1678, Zepu was attached to the kingdom of Junggar. In the 24th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1759 AD), the Qing government established a military platform in Zepu, set up a poskan post, set up six pinkazibo offices, and administered the Yeerqiang ministers. In 1883, posikan was assigned to Zepu county. In 1902, Shache Zhili Prefecture was promoted to Fu, and Zepu was directly subordinate to Fu. In the 29th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1903 AD), the upper and lower slopes of sikan were re assigned to Zepu County, and inspectors were set up to manage the left affairs.

In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920 AD), boskansuizepu county was assigned to Hetian road and Kashgar road in 1921. On September 4, 1921, the governor of Xinjiang Yang Zengxin reported to the central government of Beijing that Zepu county should be set up. With the approval of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of interior, the county was officially established on January 10, under the jurisdiction of Kashgar road. In 1942, Shache administrative region was added, and Zepu county was changed into Shache administrative region.

After the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang in 1949, Zepu County belonged to Shache special area. In June 1956, Shache district was abolished, and Zepu county was classified as Kashi area.

administrative division

In 2012, Zepu County governs 2 towns and 10 townships: Zepu Town, kuiybage Town, boskam Township, Yima Township, gulebag Township, Saili Township, yikesu Township, tuhuqi Township, kuiybage Township, aketam Township, aykule Township, buyiluktajik township.

On August 27, 2018, the people's Government of the autonomous region approved the establishment of Tongan Township in Zepu county. The Township People's government is located in yingawati village, which is under the jurisdiction of Zepu county.

geographical environment

Location context

Zepu county is located in the southwest of Xinjiang, the northern foot of Kunlun Mountain, the eastern side of Karakoram, and the western edge of Taklimakan Desert. It is located between 76 ° 52 ′ 0 ″ - 77 ° 29 ′ 30 ″ E and 37 ° 57 ′ - 38 ° 19 ′ n. The altitude is 1215-1490m. It is bounded by Yeerqiang River in the north and northwest, and faces Shache county. It is adjacent to Yecheng County by tiznafu River in the East and Southeast, and it is also bounded by Yecheng County in the southwest.

landforms

It is a typical desert oasis landform. The oasis area of the county accounts for 86.2%, with a total wetland area of 70000 mu.

The terrain of Zepu county is gently inclined from southwest to northeast, with Yeerqiang River alluvial fan in the southwest and Yeerqiang River alluvial plain in the northeast. Yeerqiang River and tiznafu river flow through the whole territory.

climate

Zepu county has a warm temperate continental arid climate, with annual average temperature of 11.4 ℃, extreme maximum temperature of 39.5 ℃ and extreme minimum temperature of - 22.7 ℃.

natural resources

land resource

The total land area of Zepu county is 13.9479 million hectares, accounting for 1 / 15 of the total land area of Xinjiang. The content of soil organic matter is low, generally less than 2%. There are 575000 hectares of cultivated land, 34000 hectares of garden land, 1.51 million hectares of pasture land, 104800 hectares of usable grassland, including 29600 hectares of improved grassland, 13000 hectares of fenced grassland and 699000 hectares of water area. The reserve cultivated land resources are 488100 hectares, with an average annual development of about 10000 hectares.

mineral resources

Up to 2010, 67 kinds of minerals and 213 mineral deposits have been found. There are 10 large deposits. The mineral resources mainly include oil, natural gas, coal, oil shale, geothermal, iron, chromium, titanium, manganese, vanadium, gold, silver, platinum, copper, lead, magnesium, diamond, tungsten, dolomite, fluorite, flux limestone, pyrite, natural sulfur, rock salt, serpentinite, barite, saponite, sodium phosphate, bentonite, cement limestone, decorative marble, quartzite, sandstone, clay, gem and jade Dongling stone, topaz, garnet, tourmaline, crystal, diamond, agate, etc. Among them, the reserves of gypsum rank the first in China, and the reserves of serpentine rank the third in China. Petroleum, natural gas, cement limestone, flux limestone, facing marble, granite, magnetite, pyrite, jade and so on

Biological resources

In 2015, the forest coverage rate of the county was 38%.

Population nationality

In 2012, the total population of Zepu county was 200000, including 104000 agricultural population. There are 19 ethnic groups, including Uygur, Han, Tajik and Hui, with 77% of the population of ethnic minorities.

Economic overview

overview

In 2012, the GDP of Zepu County reached 2.414 billion yuan, an increase of 21.67% over 2010. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 896 million yuan, an increase of 19.46%, the added value of the secondary industry was 468 million yuan, an increase of 30.35%, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 1049 million yuan, an increase of 20%. The total investment in fixed assets reached 1.96 billion yuan, an increase of 15.9%. The total retail sales of consumer goods reached 294 million yuan, an increase of 20%. The local general budget revenue was 162 million yuan, an increase of 11.58%.

In April 2019, Zepu county will get rid of poverty.

primary industry

Wheat, corn, soybean, cotton, jujube, walnut, apple and other crops are planted.

In 2012, the total area of Zepu County reached 436400 mu, with 398000 mu of fruit bearing and 113500 tons of fruit output. The area of jujube organic certification and walnut GAP certification in Zepu County reached 100000 mu. 10 new breeding communities were built. The planting industry reduced the cotton area, actively promoted the agriculture and forestry intercropping planting mode, increased the efficient water-saving area of 30000 mu, planted wheat 177100 mu, corn 80000 mu, cotton 110000 mu, Zepu County 120000 mu, planted fennel 30000 mu, potato 40000 mu. In 2012, the grain output of Zepu county was 279200 tons, a year-on-year increase of 4.03%. The total output of meat is 32200 tons. At the end of the year, the number of livestock on hand was 817100, an increase of 1.3% over 2011. The milk output was 254100 tons, an increase of 19.24% over 2011. The egg production was 17500 tons, up 5.83% year on year in 2011. The output of aquatic products is 8800 tons.

In 2020, 197200 mu of winter wheat will be planted in the county. By the end of the year, the county had 540000 mu of economic forest, including 180000 mu of red dates, 260000 mu of walnuts and 30000 mu of apples.

In January 2021, in recent years, the modern agricultural breeding base of Zepu County used the intelligent greenhouse to raise seedlings, adopted the three-dimensional cultivation mode and intelligent management, and could produce 2.4 million vegetable seedlings every year, which effectively solved the problems of farmers' difficulty in raising seedlings and expensive vegetable seedlings.

the secondary industry

In 2012, Zepu county invested more than 100 million yuan to build 95000 square meters of standard plant, and introduced 13 projects such as Tianhai Tenghui and Jingshun industries, with a contract amount of 1.52 billion yuan and an available capital of 878 million yuan. The annual industrial added value reached 266 million yuan, an increase of 53.36%. In 2012, the industrial added value of Zepu county was 1.23 billion yuan, an increase of 30.1% over 2011. Among them, the added value of industries above designated size was 710 million yuan, an increase of 31.2% over 2011. The added value of industries below designated size was 520 million yuan, up 29.3% year on year in 2011.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In 2012, Zepu County received nearly 100000 tourists, an increase of 13.4%, and achieved a comprehensive tourism income of 31.2 million yuan, an increase of 12.7%. We expanded foreign trade, and completed a total export volume of US $37.35 million, an increase of 33%.

Transportation

Zepu county is the transportation hub of Southern Xinjiang, and the transportation industry is relatively developed.

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