Zhangping City, Longyan City, Fujian Province

Zhangping (ancient Zhangping County, Ningyang County, Zhangzhou prefecture) is located in the southwest of Fujian Province, in the upper reaches of Jiulong River (Beixi), between 24 ° 54 ′ - 25 ° 47 ′ N and 117 ° 11 ′ - 117 ° 44 ′ e. it is located in the east gate of West Fujian, adjacent to Yongchun and Anxi in the East, Hua'an and Nanjing in the south, Xinluo in the West and Xinluo in the north Yongan and Datian are connected with Xiamen and other developed coastal areas in Southern Fujian, and the hinterland of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi. Zhangping was established as a county in 1471, the seventh year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty. In 1990, the county was removed and the city was established. It is popular in Zhangzhou dialect and Zhangping dialect (Quanzhou dialect is used in some areas, such as Xinqiao, Xinqiao, etc.).

In March 2019, Zhangping was listed as the first batch of counties in revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area. At the end of 2019, the total number of registered residence households was 87 thousand and 100, with a total population of 293 thousand and 600.

In 2019, the GDP will reach 25.905 billion yuan, an increase of 6.0% over the previous year, of which the added value of the primary industry will reach 3.522 billion yuan, an increase of 3.2%; the added value of the secondary industry will reach 11.336 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8%; and the added value of the tertiary industry will reach 11.047 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9%.

Historical evolution

In 1368 (the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), Zhu Yuanzhang defeated yuan and became emperor. In the same year, Ming soldiers conquered Fujian and captured Chen Youding, who once ruled Fujian for nearly four years at the end of Yuan Dynasty. The eight prefectures of Fuzhou, Xinghua, Jianning, Yanping, Tingzhou, Shaowu, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou were changed into prefectures. Zhangzhou road was changed into a mansion in 1368 (the first year of Hongwu). Longyan county is under the jurisdiction of Zhangzhou Prefecture.

In 1471 (the seventh year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty), the governor of Fujian was approved according to the suggestion of Lin Tinghu, a resident of Longyan county. He analyzed that the five li of Juren, Juxian, Guihua, heme and Yongfu in Longyan county were set up in Zhangping County, belonging to Zhangzhou.

In 1536 (the 15th year of Jiajing), juxianli was designated as Datian County. The name of the county takes the meaning of "the city lives in the upper reaches of zhangshui River, among the thousand mountains, and the place is only flat".

The Soviet government was established from 1929 to 1934 and was liberated on June 21, 1949. It belongs to Longyan district.

In 1956, Ningyang County was abolished, and Shuangyang Town, the county seat, was included.

In August 1990, with the approval of the State Council, the county was set up as a city, becoming the ninth county-level city in Fujian Province.

In November 1996, it became a municipality directly under the central government of the province, under the management of Longyan city.

administrative division

On August 15, 1990, with the approval of the State Council, Zhangping county was removed from the county and built into a city (county-level city), with the former administrative region of Zhangping County as the administrative region of Zhangping City. On December 1 of the same year, Zhangping City was officially established. Zhangping has 5 towns, 11 townships, 10 residents' committees, 182 administrative villages and 1703 villagers' groups.

On September 30, 2013, Zhangping City abolished Xiyuan Township and Nanyang Township, and set up Xiyuan town and Nanyang Town, with jurisdiction over 2 sub district offices, 10 towns, 4 townships, 26 neighborhood committees and 176 village committees.

In 2017, Zhangping has jurisdiction over Jingcheng and Guilin, Heping, arch bridge, Yongfu, Xinan, Xianghu, Xinqiao, Shuangyang, Chishui, Xiyuan, Nanyang and Luzhi, and guantian, Wuci and Lingdi townships; there are 25 residents' committees, 173 villagers' committees and 901 natural villages. The Municipal People's government is stationed in Jingcheng.

geographical environment

topographic features

Zhangping is located at the junction of Daiyun mountain, Daimao mountain and Boping mountain. The North stream of the Jiulong river cuts across the middle of the river and divides Zhangping into North and south. The terrain inclines from South and north to the Central Valley, and is saddle shaped. Along the two banks of the river in the middle of Zhangping City, the terrain is relatively gentle Valley and hilly area. In the north, xinqiaoxi is the boundary, the east edge is the southwest slope of the southern end of Daiyun mountains, and the west edge is the southeast slope of the hawksbill mountains. The two slopes face each other, forming a long and narrow valley of xinqiaoxi. In the East, the two branches of Daiyunshan reach from Datian and Anxi to the North Bank of Jiulongjiang River. Between the two branches, the river valley of xinanxi is formed. To the west, there is a branch of the hawksbiao mountain, which enters from Yong'an in the north and extends southward to the north of the Nanyang ocean. Between the two branches, Shuangyang stream meanders southward, forming Chishui, Shuangyang and other Intermountain basins. To the south of the Jiulong River, most of the area is occupied by the bopingling mountains. The terrain is high and precipitous, surrounded by mountains. Xiazhexi flows through the central part, forming Yongfu Intermountain basin with an average altitude of about 750 meters. The terrain of Jiulongjiang River Valley is decreasing from southwest to northeast.

climate

Zhangping has a subtropical monsoon climate, and the Central Valley is affected by the marine monsoon, which is a subtropical climate. It has the characteristics of warm and humid, sufficient rain, short winter without severe cold, long summer without severe heat, significant vertical climate, clear dry and wet seasons, and frequent disastrous weather.

natural resources

water resource

Zhangping is rich in water resources, with dense streams, steep river slope, rapid flow, vast water area, developed water system and good water quality. The North stream of Jiulong River crosses the middle of Zhangping City from west to East, and its tributaries are vein like all over Zhangping City. Zhangping City is rich in runoff, the total amount of water resources is 2.879 billion cubic meters, and the per capita water resources is 11000 cubic meters, which is higher than the per capita level of China and Fujian Province. The theoretical reserve of hydropower resources is 360000kw, 330000kw can be developed and utilized, 324900kw has been developed, including 7 hydropower stations with an installed capacity of more than 10000kw.

mineral resources

Zhangping City is one of the cities rich in mineral resources in Fujian Province. Nearly 100 ore producing areas have been found, including coal, graphite, iron, lead, zinc, polymetallic, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, bismuth, rare earth, limestone, marble, fluorite, pyrophyllite, kaolin, quartz, silica, gabbro diabase, etc. It is rich in coal, graphite, iron, limestone and marble. After general survey and exploration, the reserves of Dakeng coal mine in Xinqiao, guashan iron mine in Chishui, limestone mine in Lingdou and Dashen iron mine in Luzhi reach 10 million to 100 million tons.

Power resources

By the end of 2004, the total installed power capacity of Zhangping City was 542000 kW, including 424000 kW of thermal power (including waste heat power generation) and 118000 kW of hydropower. The North stream of Jiulong River runs through the territory, with a vast basin, dense tributaries, obvious drop and abundant water. The theoretical reserve of water resources in Zhangping City is 300000 kW, and the water energy reserve available for development is 290000 kW. And the rich coal resources also provide the necessary guarantee for the construction of thermal power projects.

Forest resources

Zhangping is one of the 48 key forest areas in South China. Zhangping City has 3.835 million mu of forest land, accounting for 86.7% of the total land area. There are 3.375 million mu of forest land, including 993 million mu of ecological public welfare forest, 2.382 million mu of commercial forest, 77.9% of forest coverage, and 15.03 million cubic meters of forest stock, which is in the forefront of the province. Zhangping City and Yongfu town were named as "the hometown of flowers and trees in China" and "the hometown of azalea in China" respectively in June 2000. As one of the 48 key forestry counties (cities) in southern China, Zhangping has formed a large base of fast-growing and high-yield timber forest, pulp forest, pine resin forest, Phyllostachys pubescens, Camellia oleifera and so on. Forestry economy is an important pillar of regional economy in Zhangping City.

Biological resources

Most of the wild animals in the territory are invertebrates, and there are about 300 species of vertebrates. National key protected animals include clouded leopard, leopard, python, white necked pheasant, black bear, otter, muntjac, Grass Owl, spiny breasted frog, pangolin, owl, woodpecker, civet, goat, goshawk, tiger frog, porcupine, etc.

population

In the Neolithic age, human beings have been living here. The Han nationality moved into the hinterland of Western Fujian since the rebellion of Yongjia in Jin Dynasty. Since then, the Central Plains have gone through the Anshi rebellion, the Huangchao uprising, the Jin soldiers invading the Song Dynasty and the Han people moving to the south many times. Some of them moved to Zhangping, integrated with the local ethnic groups and gradually multiplied.

According to research, Cao family settled in Xiangshan, Chishui at the end of Tang Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, surnames Liu, Chen and Lu migrated to Xinqiao, Jingcheng, Yongfu, Xinan and guantian. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, a large number of surnames such as Li, Lin, Guan, Deng, Lu, Zhang, Huang, Zheng, Fu, Yi, Su, Yan, Jiang, Wu and Yu moved in. In Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there were Shi, ye, Yu, Ling, Lian, Guo Heyang, Zhan, Ma, Yan, Qiu, Hong, Wen, Liao and other surnames naturalized. In Qing Dynasty and after Qing Dynasty, Wu, Wang, Xu, Tang, fan and other surnames moved in.

There were three reasons for the Han people to move to Zhangping: first, they garrisoned the border with the army and settled in Fujian. Their descendants gradually multiplied and migrated to Zhangping, such as Cao, Chen, Deng and so on; second, they settled down to make a living, such as Liu, Lu, Zheng and so on; third, in order to avoid war, they emigrated and settled down, and most of the immigrants after the Southern Song Dynasty were of this kind.

Registered residence statistics in Zhangping began in Ming Zheng seven years (1512), when Zhangping had 4951 households and 32583 people. In 1537, 1512 households in juxianli were set up in Datian County, with 3439 households and 33432 people. Since then, due to famine and war, the population of the Ming and Qing Dynasties has dropped by more than two-thirds, and only 10000 people remain in Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty. Yongzheng carried out the policy of "breeding population, never increasing taxes". From the 12th year of Yongzheng to the 14th year of Daoguang (1734-1834), the population increased from 12180 to 137181. In the third year of Xuantong (1911), the number rose to 187723, the highest in the feudal era. In the period of the Republic of China, due to the successive wars and social unrest, the population decreased sharply. According to the survey of 28 revolutionary base point villages, during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, 270 households were exterminated by the Kuomintang army and 79 households were forced to flee. The population was reduced from 4320 to 2027, a decrease of more than half. Plague spread intermittently from 1888 to 1946. According to incomplete statistics, more than 6000 people died of plague. In the spring of 1941, smallpox broke out and only a few hundred people died in Yangmei village of Xianghu. Summer of 1947, mountain

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