Wulan County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Wulan county belongs to Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province. It is located in the middle of Qinghai Province, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and the east of Qaidam Basin. It is adjacent to Gonghe County of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the East, Dulan County in the south, Delingha city in the West and Tianjun County in the north. The geographical coordinates are 97 ° 01 ′～ 99 ° 27 ′ E and 36 ° 19 ′～ 37 ° 20 ′ n. the county is 216.9 km long from east to west and 112 km wide from north to south. The total land area of the county is 12858.16 square kilometers.

As of 2010, Wulan county has jurisdiction over 4 towns, 38 Village (Pastoral) committees, with a total population of 36555, including 17 ethnic groups including Han, Mongolian, Tibetan, Hui, Tu and salar.

In 2010, the GDP of Wulan county was 1522.65 million yuan, which was 16% higher than that of 2009.

On September 29, 2018, the people's Government of Qinghai Province approved the withdrawal of Wulan county from the poverty-stricken county in 2017.

In November 2018, it was identified as the first batch of innovative counties (cities) by the Ministry of science and technology. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle.

Historical evolution

As early as the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Wulan area was the pasture of Qiang people outside the Great Wall.

At the beginning of the fourth century A.D., the Tuyuhun tribe of Xianbei nationality moved to the southern part of Qinghai Province, and then developed northward. Today, the Wulan area is the territory of Tuyuhun.

Since the third year of Yuan Xianzong (1253), it has been under the jurisdiction of Xuanwei envoy situ Marshal's office.

In the 38th year of Jiajing reign of emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty (1559), after Andahan of the East Mongolia moved to Qinghai for the third time, a large number of Mongols immigrated to Qinghai.

In 1723, the leader of the Mongolian Balong tribe recruited Han farmers from the eastern pastoral area to carry out farming in the present Wulan area, and taught the local herdsmen farming techniques.

On January 1, 1929, Qinghai Province was officially established, and Wulan Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of Qinghai Province. Some Hui, Tu and Salar farmers in Huangzhong, Huangyuan and Hualong came to Dulan in batches to resist the excessive levies of Chiang Kai Shek and Ma Bufang, forming today's small agricultural areas such as xiligou and saishike. On November 27, 1930, the national government changed the office of the Council of Dulan county to Dulan county. The county government was set up in Dulan temple and moved to xiligou in December. In 1934, a bureau of land reclamation was set up in xiligou, and farmers from Haidong counties moved to xiligou and saishike areas one after another. In 1945, the Qinghai provincial government set up a bureau of reclamation in Chahanwusu, under which there were five reclamation groups. Saishike region was one of them. Later, the Han people from the eastern agricultural region of Qinghai entered xiligou and saishike regions in batches.

In September 1949, the Wulan area was liberated and attached to the people's Government of Dulan county.

In early 1952, xiligou township was established under the leadership of one district.

In 1956, the tea card District of Dulan county was established.

On January 1, 1959, the first district of Dulan county and Chaka district were merged into Wulan County, and the working committee of Chaka was changed into the Wulan County Committee of the CPC, and the people's Committee of Wulan county was established to be stationed in Chaka. The working organs of the county Party committee and the county people's committee were established accordingly.

administrative division

As of 2010, Wulan county has jurisdiction over 4 towns (xiligou Town, Chaka Town, Tongpu town and Keke town), with a total of 38 Village (Pastoral) committees.

geographical environment

Location context

Wulan county is located in the middle of Qinghai Province, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and the east of Qaidam Basin. It is adjacent to Gonghe County of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the East, Dulan County in the south, Delingha city in the West and Tianjun County in the north. The government is located in xiligou Town, 374km away from Xining City, the capital of Qinghai Province, in the East and 139km away from Delingha City, the seat of Haixi Prefecture Government, in the West. The geographical coordinates are 97 ° 01 ′～ 99 ° 27 ′ E and 36 ° 19 ′～ 37 ° 20 ′ n. the county is 216.9 km long from east to west and 112 km wide from north to south. The total land area of the county is 12858.16 square kilometers, accounting for 3.95% of the total land area of Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.

landforms

Wulan county is surrounded by mountains and flat in the middle, with Qilian Mountain Branch in the north, with an altitude of 3692-4701 meters, Kunlun Mountain in the south, with an altitude of 3132-5031 meters. From east to west, there are chakaqimoge mountain, kekesai mountain, buyitan mountain, chakanan mountain, harihatu mountain, xiligounan mountain, yak mountain, etc. the terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, forming a Wavy long and narrow inclined trend, with an average altitude of about 4000 meters . The folds of the northern and southern mountains cut the county into three closed flow Intermountain basins: Chaka basin, Xisai basin and bulanggou basin.

climate

Wulan county is located in the hinterland of China. The climate is controlled by high pressure westerly wind and Mongolia Siberia anticyclone. The climate is extremely dry, showing typical dry continental climate characteristics. The westerly wind is strong all the year round. Only the eastern region can be affected by the southeast monsoon, and the climate is slightly humid. The annual average temperature is 3.5 ℃, the highest monthly average temperature (July) is 14.4 ℃, the annual range is 26.9-28.2 ℃, the lowest monthly average temperature (January) is - 12.4 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 34 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 27.7 ℃. The frost free period is 90-97 days, and the maximum frozen soil depth is 166 cm. The annual accumulated temperature of ≥ 0 ℃ ranges from 1909.1 ℃ to 2249.0 ℃, the accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 ℃ ranges from 1480.9 ℃ to 1543.9 ℃, and the accumulated temperature of 80% guarantee rate ranges from 1796.4 ℃ to 2000.4 ℃. It is the second warm area in the province next to Hehuang valley. The annual and daily temperature ranges were 16.4 ℃ and 27.2 ℃ respectively. The average altitude of the county is 2960m, the annual average pressure is above 650mm, and the oxygen content is about 2 / 3 of the sea level.

The total annual sunshine radiation is 656.96-696.33 kJ / cm2, the annual sunshine hours are 2869-3113 hours, the annual sunshine percentage is 65-70%, and the average daily sunshine is 8.4-8.8 hours.

natural resources

mineral resources

There are 17 large, medium and small mineral deposits, 44 ore spots and mineralization spots, and 33 kinds of minerals in Wulan county. Large scale deposits include pond salt, mirabilite, feldspar, silica and dolomite; medium scale deposits include niobium tantalum ore and mica ore. The total proved mineral resources are as follows: 1.499 billion tons of pond salt, 32.4169 million tons of mirabilite, 170 thousand tons of alkali, 56.31 million tons of feldspar, 15.87 million tons of silica, 28 thousand tons of dolomite, 4.4639 million tons of iron ore, 47.66 million tons of mica, 1762 tons of tungsten, 2.46 million tons of silicon manganese.

Biological resources

There are 11 types, 40 groups and 81 types of herbage (Poa pratensis, Calligonum mongolicum, Allium fistulosum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Achnatherum splendens, Polygonum viviparum, etc.), 197 species of seed plants (rhubarb, Stellera chamaejasme, Gentiana, etc.) in 43 families, 110 genera, and 289 species of Chinese medicinal materials (ephedra, Cynomorium songaricum, Phragmites australis, Lycium barbarum, etc.).

There are 103 species of wild mammals (snow leopard, Mongolian wild donkey, Tibetan wild donkey, wild camel, white lipped deer, wild yak, proctor's gazelle, Tibetan antelope, etc.) and 294 species of birds (vulture, pheasant quail, black necked Crane, Red Crowned Crane, etc.) in Wulan county.

Population nationality

As of 2010, the total population of Wulan county was 36555, 0.56% lower than that of 2009. Among them, there are 23376 agricultural population, 13179 non-agricultural population and 15956 ethnic minority population, accounting for 43.65% of the total population. The birth rate, death rate and natural growth rate were 1.32%, 1.15% and 1.61 ‰ respectively.

There are 17 ethnic groups in Wulan County, including Han, Mongolian, Tibetan, Hui, Tu and salar.

traffic

In Wulan County, the Qinghai Tibet railway, national highway 109 and national highway 315 cross the county, and all towns in the county have highways.

The Qinghai Tibet railway passes through the north side of Wulan County, with a total length of 103 km, 7 stations (stations) and a total distance of 150 km. National Highway 315, 109 line across the territory, the total distance of 296 kilometers. Form a road traffic network with xiligou town as the center, connecting all parts of the country and towns.

Economics

overview

In 2010, the GDP of Wulan county was 1522.65 million yuan, which was 16% higher than that of 2009. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 135.43 million yuan, an increase of 6.6% over 2009, and the growth rate was 4.4 percentage points faster than 2009; the added value of the secondary industry was 118.15 million yuan, an increase of 17.3% over 2009, and the growth rate was 17.9 percentage points slower; the added value of the tertiary industry was 205.72 million yuan, an increase of 14.1% over 2009, and an increase of 2.2 percentage points faster. In 2010, the per capita GDP reached 41537 yuan, an increase of 23.1% over 2009 at comparable prices.

The proportion of primary industry in GDP is 9%, which is 1% lower than that in 2009; the proportion of secondary industry is 78%, which is 4% lower; the proportion of tertiary industry is 13%, which is 5% higher.

In 2010, the total revenue of Wulan county was 503.82 million yuan, an increase of 35.8% over 2009. Among them, local fiscal revenue was 67.64 million yuan, an increase of 27.9% over 2009. Various taxes were 51.47 million yuan, an increase of 32.8%, including 9.33 million yuan of value-added tax, an increase of 14.3%, and 19.66 million yuan of business tax, an increase of 20.9%

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hai Sheng Hai Xi Meng Gu Zu Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Wu Lan Xian