Qumalai County, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Qumalai County qumalai county is a county under the jurisdiction of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province. It is located in the southwest of Qinghai Province and the north of Qinghai Province. The county government is located in yuegai Town, 310 km away from the prefecture government. It is located at 92 ° 56 ′～ 97 ° 35 ′ E and 33 ° 36 ′～ 35 ° 40 ′ n. By 2020, the county has a total land area of 52446 square kilometers and a total population of more than 46500. The population is mainly Tibetan, with jurisdiction over one town and five townships. The government's residence was changed to a new town.

In 2016, the Gross Regional Product (at comparable prices) was 644 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 1.6%, including 350.48 million yuan in the primary industry, with a year-on-year growth of 3.8%; 138.67 million yuan in the tertiary industry, with a year-on-year growth of 7.0%.

In April 2020, qumalai county will withdraw from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties.

Famous tourist attractions include the "source of the Yellow River" monument, King Gesar's enthronement platform, Tibetan Buddhist temples, Kunlun ethnic cultural tourism resort, as well as Mount Yuzhu, Yuxi, Zaling lake, gaduojuevo, vast grassland and Tongtian River scenery. Every year, August 8 is qumalai County Kunlun national culture and Art Festival. China's top 100 water purification counties and cities in 2020.

History of construction

According to many ancient cultural sites discovered in qumalai County after liberation, there were human activities in qumalai County as early as 4000 years ago.

After the northern and Southern Dynasties, the county became a part of Supi. In history, it was the hometown of Xiqiang, and the territory of Tubo in Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the early Tang Dynasty, Tubo was powerful and conquered the local tribes, so it became the jurisdiction of Tubo Dynasty. Around the middle of the 12th century, when Nangqian tribe appeared in Yushu, niancuo tribe appeared in the south of qumalai.

The establishment of qumalai county began in modern times. After 1921, herdsmen who moved from Guoluo and Sichuan gradually formed nine tribes.

In about 1924, 15 herdsmen headed by Bu jiu'ang fled from the Guoluo ajiang tribe to the cuowa gaze area in the county, and formed the first tribe, namely Bu Jiu (also known as hong'a) tribe.

In 1935, eight tribes were formed in succession, including okang, duocang, Baisha, haxiu, gatuo, Lacang, ganba and helama. In order to rule and manage the nine tribes, Ma Bufang set up the Administration Bureau of hajiang Yanchi in the autumn of 1941, appointed Mi Futang as the director, and prepared to establish the qumalai regime. At that time, there were 1 person in 1000 households, 14 people in 100 households and about 3000 herdsmen.

In 1950, it was changed from Xingchuan to qumalai.

In July 1952, the CPC Qinghai Provincial Committee dispatched more than 80 cadres and policemen from Xining to duocang tribe via Chahanwusu, Dulan county. In October, qumalai County Working Committee was formally established.

On October 24, 1953, the people's Government of qumalai county was established, and the county government was stationed in sewugou; on December 20, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was established, which is subordinate to it.

In October 1958, cuogeqian Township in Zhiduo county was put under the jurisdiction of qumalai County, changed to YeGe brigade, and then put under the jurisdiction of qumalai county.

In 2000, qumalai County governs 6 townships, and the county government is stationed in yegaitan (in Dongfeng Township).

On October 15, 2001, Qinghai provincial government Qingzheng Letter No. 99 gave an official reply: Dongfeng Township was cancelled and a contract town was established (the town government was relocated to the county government). After the adjustment, qumalai County governs one town and five townships: yuegai Town, bagan Township, Qiuzhi Township, YeGe Township, Maduo Township and qumahe township.

At the end of 2001, qumalai county had one town, five townships and 19 animal husbandry committees. Yegai town is located in yegaitan, which has jurisdiction over three animal husbandry committees, namely gangdang, geqing and Changjiang village. Qumahe township is located in tusongchong, Canada. It has jurisdiction over four animal husbandry committees, namely Duoxiu, cuochi, Lechi and pleiora. YeGe township is located in jiaqingsongduo, and has jurisdiction over three animal husbandry committees, namely, Hongqi, Longma and Laiyang. Maduo township is located in jiahaigongma and has three pastoral committees, namely Guoyang, Bayan and zariga. Bagan township is located in qicibao, which has jurisdiction over three animal husbandry committees: Tuanjie, Maxiu and daiqu. Qiuzhi township is located in Longren, Bati, and has three animal husbandry committees, namely, Bufu, Jiaqiao and Gema.

In April 2020, qumalai county will withdraw from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties.

administrative division

As of 2012, it has jurisdiction over one town and five townships, and the county government is stationed in jorgai town.

geographical environment

Location context

Qumalai county is located in the southwest of Qinghai Province, the north of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, the source of three rivers, known as "the first county at the source of rivers". The Yellow River originates from the yueguzonglie area of Maduo Township in the county, and the main sources of the North source of the Yangtze River are the Lema River, chumar River, sewu River and daiqu River, which all originate in the county. It is the main water conservation area of the two major water systems in North and South China. Its geographical location is 92 ° 56 ′～ 97 ° 35 ′ E and 33 ° 36 ′～ 35 ° 40 ′ n. It covers an area of 47000 square kilometers.

climate

Qumalai county is a typical plateau alpine climate. The main characteristics are high cold and lack of oxygen, long sunshine time and strong ultraviolet. There are two cold and warm seasons, seven or eight months in the cold season and four or five months in the warm season. The climate is relatively dry. The annual temperature difference is small, while the daily temperature difference is large. The average annual temperature is - 3.3 ℃, and the average annual precipitation is 380-470mm.

terrain

Qumalai county is across the Tongtian River (Yangtze River) and the Yellow River. In the northwest of the county, there are broad valleys and big beaches. The area is vast, with mountains and mountains in the southeast. The average altitude of the county is more than 4500 meters, of which the county is 4226 meters above sea level. Mountains, basins and beaches alternate in the territory. The main mountains are Kunlun Mountain, Bayankala mountain, Kekexili mountain and dongwula mountain.

rivers

In qumalai County, there are many rivers, lakes and rich surface water. The branches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River, such as chumar River, sewu River and yueguzongliequ, crisscross and merge.

natural resources

plant resources

The eastern part of qumalai county is rich in primitive natural juniper forest. As of 2012, 121 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines have been identified, including bezoar, bear gall, velvet antler, antler, Cordyceps sinensis, musk, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, snow lotus, etc.

Animal resources

Qumalai county mainly has wild yak, Tibetan antelope, white lipped deer, snow leopard, argali, rock sheep, brown bear, lynx and rare birds such as black necked Crane, snow chicken, Golden Eagle, swan, etc.

Mineral resources

Qumalai is a gold producing area on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau with a long history of gold mining. Other mineral resources are also rich, such as natural alkali and rock salt. Up to now, there are 261 mineral deposits (including deposits, occurrences and mineralization points) explored in the county. There are 20 kinds of minerals preliminarily proved: gold, silver, iron, copper, molybdenum, aluminum, zinc, antimony, lithium, salt, beryllium, niobium, tantalum, cadmium, coal, peat, pyrite, salt, mirabilite and gypsum.

water resource

The average annual discharge of the Yangtze River system is 215.73 m3 / s, and the total annual discharge is 6.903 billion m3. The Yellow River system is 29.5km long, with an average annual flow of 13.1m2/s and a total annual flow of 413 million cubic meters. There are abundant water resources.

Solar energy resources

Qumalai county is rich in light energy resources. The annual sunshine hours can reach 2700 hours, and the annual total solar radiation is more than 640 kJ / cm2. At present, solar photovoltaic power has been widely used in the whole county, with a penetration rate of more than 90%, which has a very broad development prospect.

Population nationality

population

As of 2012, qumalai county has a population of 32000, with Tibetans accounting for 97.6%.

nation

There are Tibetan, Han, Hui, Tu, Manchu, Mongolian, Salar and other nationalities in qumalai county.

Economics

overview

In 2012, qumalai county's GDP (at comparable prices) was 453 million yuan, an increase of 9.4% compared with 2011. The total investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 490 million yuan, the local general budget income was 7.82 million yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 17670.96 yuan, and the per capita net income of herdsmen was 4067.18 yuan.

In 2016, the Gross Regional Product (at comparable prices) was 644 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 1.6%, including 350.48 million yuan in the primary industry, with a year-on-year growth of 3.8%; 138.67 million yuan in the tertiary industry, with a year-on-year growth of 7.0%. The investment in fixed assets of the whole society reached 1.023 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 25.5%. Local fiscal revenue reached 16.16 million yuan, an increase of 20%. The per capita disposable income of all residents was 13377 yuan, an increase of 9.1% over the same period of last year, of which the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 27121 yuan, an increase of 8.3% over the same period of last year; the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen was 6749 yuan, an increase of 10.2% over the same period of last year.

Animal Husbandry

In 2012, 1.49 million vaccines were injected in qumalai County, with an injection density of more than 98%. A total of 132700 piglets were raised in the whole year, with a reproduction rate of 79.89%; 183000 livestock were sold, with a marketing rate of 39.69%, a commodity rate of 20.78%, a total growth rate of 20.78%, and a female livestock proportion of 55.99%. The gross output value of animal husbandry was 329 million yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 16.79%. Ecological animal husbandry cooperative economic organizations have been established in 19 villages of the county. County level finance allocated 2.58 million yuan to support agriculture and built 43 new houses for animal husbandry cooperatives. Hongqi village and Angla village will be built as demonstration sites for joint operation. The whole village promotion project with an investment of 6.19 million yuan in four villages including Maxiu was completed, benefiting 3796 people from 941 households. In 2011 and 2012, a total of 176.8 million yuan of grassland ecological awards and subsidies were fully implemented, involving 8471 herdsmen and 24706 people. 2.47 million mu of grassland was banned, 9.61 million mu of grassland and livestock were balanced, and 5000 sheep units were reduced. Difficulties in releasing ecological migrants

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