Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Qilian County Qilian county is subordinate to Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province. It is named because it is located in the hinterland of the middle section of Qilian Mountain. It is adjacent to Gansu Hexi Corridor, the main channel of the ancient Silk Road in the north, so it is called "North Gate" of Qinghai Province.

Qilian County covers an area of 14000 square kilometers, accounting for 41% of the total land area of the prefecture. It governs 45 administrative villages in 4 townships and 3 towns, with a total population of 50000 by 2013. There are 15 ethnic groups including Han, Tibetan, Mongolian and Hui, and the minority population accounts for 79.2%. The average altitude of the county is 2787 meters. The annual average temperature is 1 ℃, and the annual precipitation is about 420 mm. It is a typical plateau continental climate.

Qilian is an important resource rich area in Qinghai Province. With various mineral resources, known as "China's Urals", it is a key county in the province's resource development.

"Qilian" is Xiongnu language, Hun Hutian is "Qilian", Qilian mountain means "Tianshan". The main scenic spots in Qilian are Zhuoer mountain, Qilian mountain grassland, Bayi glacier, etc., which have the reputation of "Tianjing Qilian", "Oriental Switzerland" and so on. On May 15, 2019, Qinghai provincial government announced that 12 counties (cities), including Qilian County, will withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties. In September 2019, it will be selected as one of the first batch of national global tourism demonstration zones.

Evolution of organizational system

Before Han Dynasty, Qilian was a pasture for Qiang people.

In the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, it became the separatist regime of the former Qin Dynasty, the former Liang Dynasty, the Later Liang Dynasty, the southern Liang Dynasty, the Western Qin Dynasty, the northern Liang Dynasty and the Tuyuhun territory.

In Sui Dynasty, Yangdi defeated Tuyuhun and set up Xihai county. Qilian area was under the jurisdiction of Xihai county.

In Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, it was the territory of Tubo, and then it was ruled by Tubo, Xixia and Song Dynasty alternately.

In Yuan Dynasty, Xining, guide and Tubo duogansidi were established.

In the Ming Dynasty, Xining Prefecture was changed into Xining Wei, Qilian area was the pastoral area of the 13th Aji ethnic group, and in the late Ming Dynasty, it was occupied by mailigan of Xihai Mongolia.

In the Qing Dynasty, datongwei was set up in the second year of Yongzheng (1724) and changed to county in the 26th year of Qianlong (1761).

In 1929, Qinghai Province was established and Qilian was under the jurisdiction of Menyuan County. In 1939, Qilian county was set up by Menyuan County.

On November 22, 1949, Qilian was liberated and temporarily managed by Menyuan County. In September 1951, Qilian Administrative Bureau was changed into Qilian District People's Administrative Committee, which was directly under the provincial government. Qilian County People's government was established on January 23, 1953, which is subordinate to Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.

At the end of 1999, Qilian County covers an area of 15610 square kilometers and has a population of 44038, of which 25.84% are Tibetans. It governs eight townships (according to Qinghai Provincial Records).

According to the fifth census in 2000, the total population of the county was 45394, including 21076 in Babao Town, 4399 in Zhamashi Township, 3736 in mule Township, 3826 in duolong Township, 3285 in ebou Township, 2963 in Aru Township, 2777 in yeniugou Township, 843 in Keri Township, and 2489 in Tuole pasture of Haibei Prefecture.

On March 5, 2001, Qinghai provincial government issued the reply of qingzhenghan No.15: to abolish duolong and mule townships and merge them into mule town; to abolish ebou Township and establish ebou town. At the end of 2001, Qilian county had jurisdiction over three towns, four townships, one neighborhood committee and 40 village (animal husbandry) committees.

In 2005, Qilian County governs three towns and five townships: Babao Town, EBAO Town, mule Town, Zhamashi Town, aruo Town, yeniugou Town, kekeri town and Yanglong town.

In August 2006, Keri township was abolished and merged into yeniugou township. After the adjustment, the county governs three towns and four townships: Babao Town, EBAO Town, mule Town, Zhamashi Township, aruo Township, yeniugou Township and Yanglong township.

administrative division

As of 2009, Qilian county (located in Babao town) has 3 towns, 4 townships and 45 villages (mu and Ju). Each township is Babao Town, ebou Town, moele Town, aruo Township, Zhamashi Township, yeniuhe Township and Yanglong township.

geographical environment

Location context

Qilian county gets its name because it is located in the hinterland of the middle Qilian Mountains. It is located in the northeast of Qinghai Province and the northwest of Haibei Prefecture. It is adjacent to Gansu Hexi Corridor, the main channel of the ancient Silk Road in the north, so it is called "North Gate" of Qinghai. The county covers an area of 14000 square kilometers, accounting for 41% of the total land area of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.

Geology and geomorphology

Qilian county is located in the hinterland of the middle Qilian Mountains, with an average altitude of 3169 meters, and the county seat is 2787 meters above sea level. Qilian Mountain is a typical Caledonian geosyncline in the Kunlun Qinling geosynclinal fold system, and the fold is completely back to the continental Devonian molasse formation. In the North Qilian Mountains and Hexi Corridor, the middle and Lower Devonian are unconformity on the lower Paleozoic (such as shamusi in Wuwei) and late Caledonian granite (such as malianggou in the south of jiutiaoling); in the Lajishan mountains, the middle and Lower Devonian are unconformity on the middle and Upper Ordovician; in the wulandaban mountains, the upper Devonian is unconformity on the Lower Silurian, which means that the Qilian Mountains are mainly folded in the late Caledonian As a result, the late Paleozoic Mesozoic and Cenozoic are both platform cover deposits.

climate

The annual average temperature of Qilian county is 1 ℃, and the annual precipitation is about 420 mm, which is a typical plateau continental climate. Due to the special influence of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau on the atmospheric circulation, the moist air flow from the southeast monsoon in summer can move northward and westward, affecting the region; in winter, affected by the dry and cold air in Inner Mongolia and the cold air flow in the northwest, the region has a large range of temperature drop in winter and a large annual temperature range.

hydrology

There are 247 tributaries in Qilian Mountains, with a total catchment area of 13100 square kilometers. The total annual runoff of surface water is 2.3 billion cubic meters, including 93 rivers with annual average flow of 0.1 cubic meters per second and annual average precipitation of 5.858 billion cubic meters.

natural resources

mineral resources

As of 2009, Qilian county has more than 40 kinds of proven minerals, including ferrous metal minerals such as iron, manganese and chromium; non-ferrous metal minerals such as lead, copper, copper, lead, zinc, placer gold, placer platinum, rock gold, molybdenum, gold, pyrite, antimony and mercury; non-metallic minerals such as asbestos, barite, gemstone, phosphorus, graphite, dolomite, limestone, clay, gypsum, silica, serpentine and marble The main combustible minerals are coal.

Water resources

The theoretical reserves of water energy in Qilian county are 567700 kilowatts, and more than 100000 kilowatts of water energy can be developed and utilized.

Forest resources

Qilian county has a dense primeval forest. The forest land mainly composed of Picea crassifolia, Sabina przewalskii, poplar and seabuckthorn covers an area of 3145700 mu, accounting for 15.1% of the land area. The forest coverage rate is 13.5%, of which 247000 Mu is arbor forest, accounting for 11.84% of the total area; 2579300 Mu is shrub forest, accounting for 81.99%; 10200 Mu is open forest, accounting for 0.32%. Among the forest land, 237000 Mu is woodland, It accounts for 7.54% of the total area of forestry land; all of them are primitive forests, belonging to the state-owned water conservation forest, with a volume of 2187100 cubic meters. Among the forest trees, Picea crassifolia, poplar and Sabina chinensis accounted for 90.95%, 4.03% and 5.02% respectively.

Biological resources

There are more than 20 species of wild animals in Qilian County, such as wild yak, wild donkey, argali, white lipped deer, red deer, musk deer, rock sheep, snow leopard, bear, snow chicken, jade belt sea carving, etc., with more than 40000 heads. There are 368 kinds of economic medicinal plants, including 325 kinds of famous ones, such as rhubarb, bupleurum, astragalus, Gentiana, notopterygium, snow lotus, Cordyceps sinensis, etc., belonging to 57 families and 91 genera. In addition, there are seabuckthorn, mushroom, strawberry, lichen, Nostoc flagelliforme and other edible plants and fungi.

Population nationality

As of 2013, Qilian county has a total population of 50000, including 15 ethnic groups, including Han, Tibetan, Hui, Mongolian, salar, etc., of which ethnic minorities account for 79.2% of the total population. The birth rate and natural growth rate should be controlled below 12.75 ‰ and 7.76 ‰.

Politics

Secretary of the county Party committee: He Bin

Economics

overview

In 2013, Qilian county completed 1.846 billion yuan of GDP, an increase of 15.1% compared with 2012; 2.309 billion yuan of fixed assets investment, an increase of 35.2% compared with 2012; 87.01 million yuan of local general budget revenue, an increase of 18.04% compared with 2012; 334 million yuan of total retail sales of social consumer goods, an increase of 15.1% compared with 2012; and 9887.25 yuan of per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen, The proportion of the three industries was 22.91: 51.74: 25.35.

primary industry

In 2013, the total output value of agriculture and animal husbandry in Qilian county was 560 million yuan, an increase of 5.7% compared with 2012. We continued to promote intensive management in depth, with a total sales revenue of 7.57 million yuan from 44 family farms in the county. A total of 53.39 million yuan was integrated to build 6 ecological animal husbandry demonstration sites, 21 standardized breeding communities, 1262 livestock greenhouses, 320 silage kilns, 200 solar greenhouses, 45 km village sand roads, 4.5 km hardened roads, and 292 sets of agricultural machinery.

On February 26, 2020, Qilian Tibetan sheep agricultural products advantage zone with Chinese characteristics in Qilian County of Qinghai Province was identified as the third batch of agricultural products advantage zone with Chinese characteristics.

the secondary industry

In 2013, Binggou agricultural and animal husbandry industrial park in Qilian county was established,

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hai Sheng Hai Bei Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Qi Lian Xian