Zhouqu County, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province

Zhouqu County, belonging to Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province, is located in the south of Gansu Province and the southeast of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Zhouqu means "Longjiang" in Tibetan, which is named after Bailongjiang River crossing the county. Zhouqu system began in pre Qin Dynasty. In 279 BC, Qiangdao county was established in the northwest of Zhouqu, Xigu county was established after liberation, Zhouqu County was established in 1955, and Zhouqu County was established in 1959 Minglongdi county was restored to Zhouqu County in 1962. As of 2016, Zhouqu County has 4 towns, 15 townships, 208 administrative villages and 403 natural villages, with a total population of 142000, of which 50400 are Tibetan, accounting for 35.8%.

Zhouqu County is located in the West Qinling Mountains and the edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. "One river and two rivers (Bailong River, Gongba River and Boyu River)" run through it, with complex topography and frequent natural disasters. It is a county seriously affected by the "5.12" earthquake and "8.8" debris flow. The climate in the river area is warm and humid, enjoying the reputation of "south of the Yangtze River in Tibet", while the climate in the mountain area is cold, belonging to temperate monsoon climate. Natural resources include water conservancy, minerals, traditional Chinese medicine, economic fruits, etc. in 2017, Zhouqu County's GDP was 1.48 billion yuan, which is a key poverty alleviation county at the national level.

Zhouqu County is known as "Taohuayuan in Longshang" and "Jiangnan, the hometown of Tibet". Famous scenic spots include Zhouqu mountain torrent and debris flow rescue memorial hall, laga mountain, Beach National Forest Park, bazhai Valley, Selbu, etc.

In December 2017, the State Commission for democracy and people's livelihood named the fifth batch of national demonstration areas for national unity and progress. On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On February 28, 2020, the people's Government of Gansu Province agreed to withdraw Zhouqu County from poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

At the end of the Warring States period, in the 27th year of King Zhao of Qin Dynasty (280 BC), Qin sent troops from Longxi to unite with Shu to destroy Chu, and established Longxi County. Twenty eight (279 BC) after Longxi County was established, Qiang road was established. Today, most areas to the east of Taohe River, including Zhouqu and Wudu counties, entered the territory of Qin Dynasty. Qiangdao is located in the northwest of Zhouqu.

In 221 B.C., after the first emperor of Qin unified China, to the Jianyuan period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (140-135 B.C.), Qiangdao still belonged to Longxi County.

In the sixth year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (117 BC), Li Guangzheng set up Wudu County (the Western Duwei of Guanghan) in Qiangdao, where he took charge of Xiguan in Zhouqu. Emperor Wudi yuan Ding six years (111 BC) Han opened southwest Yi, in Luoyu another Wudu County. Qiang road belongs to Longxi County. Emperor Wu changed his way to county.

In the 33rd year of Emperor Wu's founding in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Cheng broke the river, and Suiping was the capital of Wu. Qiangdao county belongs to duweizhi in the west of Wudu County.

Wei Huang junior high school in the Three Kingdoms, Wei took Longnan as the acting governor of Western Wudu, and governed Qiangdao county. In 228, the Prime Minister of Shu, Zhuge Liang, defeated Wei and sent Chen to capture Wudu and Yinping counties. Qiangdao county belongs to Wudu County of Liangzhou (now zhouquxi belongs to Yinping county). After that, Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei sent troops to Longshang to expand their strength for the Central Plains. The West and south of Zhouqu was once the Dazhong area where Jiangwei, the general of Shu, tuntian.

In the first year of Taikang (280), Emperor Wu of the Western Jin Dynasty, Sima Yan unified the whole country, and Qiangdao county was abolished, which belongs to Wudu County.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, there were many wars in the north, and some Han nobles and ethnic minorities became more and more powerful. Taking Bailong River Basin as the center of activity, TangChang Qiang Hao, a member of the shenlang Qiang branch, is diligent enough to win the hearts of Qiang Hao and calls himself king. In 307, the first year of emperor Huaidi's reign in the Western Jin Dynasty, the land was designated as Dangchang state. Between 566, the first year of Emperor Wudi's reign in the Zhou Dynasty, the present Zhouqu state belongs to Dangchang state. During the period of Dangchang Kingdom, the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms were Wudu County in Yongqin, Wudu County and Qiuchi County in southern Qinzhou. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was South Qinzhou and East Yizhou Wudu County. After Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty destroyed Dangchang in the sixth year of Tianhe, Dangchang was set up as dangzhou Prefecture, and Dangchang Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of Dangchang Prefecture. Zhouqu Prefecture belonged to Gansong (zhihuaidao) and Dangchang Prefecture.

Sui kaihuang four years (584), strike County, to state county. Today Zhouqu belongs to dangzhou. In the first year of Daye (605), Emperor Yang changed dangzhou to Dangchang County, and today Zhouqu is still under the jurisdiction of Wudu County.

In the early Tang Dynasty, prefectures were abandoned and counties were led by prefectures. Gaozu Wude first year (618) set up Longyou daodangzhou and Jiezhou (Wuzhou). Dangzhou governs Huaidao, Lianggong and Herong. Zhouqu belongs to Huaidao county and Fujin county. In the second year, dangzhou was subordinate to the general manager's office of Qinzhou. In the fourth year, it belonged to the general manager's office of minzhou. Tang Taizong Zhenguan first year (627), dangzhou and Huaidao moved to the west of Zhouqu. In the past three years (629), he withdrew from the army and entered Huaidao county. Tang Xuanzong Kaiyuan two years (714), set Longyou Jiedushi, now Zhouqu belongs to Longyou dangzhou. In the first year of Tianbao (742), dangzhou was changed into Huaidao County, which was in charge of Huaidao county. After the rebellion of Anli, Huaidao county was changed to dangzhou in the third year of emperor suzong Zhide (758, the first year of Qianyuan). In the second year of suzong Shangyuan (761), Huaidao County of dangzhou was trapped in Tubo. From the end of Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, Zhouqu was still in the sphere of influence of Tubo.

In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, sikouluo, who was located in the area of Hehuang, established a local political power, and now Zhouqu is under its control. In 1101, the first year of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, Wang Shao took over the four cities of min, Dang, Tao and dieh. Today, Zhouqu belongs to Fujin County, Jiezhou, Qinfeng road of Song Dynasty.

Gaozong Shaoxing 20 years, now Zhouqu for Fujin County Old Town, jurisdiction Pingwu, beach, fengtiexia village.

In the third year of the Zhiyuan period (1266) of the Mongol Khanate, Wang Wan, the marshal, guarded Xigu by tiemuer.

In 1271, the eighth year of the reign of Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, Fujin county was abolished and incorporated into Jiezhou. It belongs to gongchang commander-in-chief's residence in Shaanxi Province, and Zhouqu is under the jurisdiction of Jiezhou. In the 26th year of the Zhiyuan Dynasty (1289), the military and civilian office of xigucheng was established. In the following year, the military and civilian offices of the Han Dynasty were reformed. Yuan Huizong to 27 years (1367), to set up Xigu fan Han military and civilian thousands of households, belonging to the state.

In the seventh year of Hongwu (1374), Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty set up a thousand houses, such as xigucheng, gongchang Prefecture. Eleven years (1378), minzhou Weiling Xigu military and civilian thousand households (military and civilian thousand households all four). In the 14th year, it was renamed xigucheng military and civilian garrison qianhusuo, belonging to the capital of Shaanxi Province. In the following year, it was transformed into a garrison military and civilian office in Xigu City, which was under the direct control of minzhou garrison command department. In the sixth year of Wanli (1578), Xigu was divided into Jiezhou and Zhoutong. Civil and military affairs are divided.

In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the emperor Shizu of the Qing Dynasty set up Qianzong of Xigu garrison. Shunzhi 12 years (1655), Xigu imperial thousand total and rank state, set state with. Yongzheng three years (1725), Xigu Li gongchang house. In the seventh year, Heiyu chieftain changed his land to Liu, and Xigu ruled it. Because of the admiration of xigufan people, they compiled four Li households, cut off the West and kept the imperial post, and set up the Fuyi Tongzhi. In the first year of Qianlong (1736), Xigu was dismissed to Fuyi Tongzhi, and Zhoutong was set up, which was subordinate to Zhili Prefecture.

In 1913, Xigu was divided into prefectures and set up Xigu County, which was subordinate to Longnan road. Later, Weichuan road was changed. 16 years (1927) abandoned Road, Xigu County Zhili in the province, changed to village. In 1938, Xigu county was divided into the first administrative supervision area. In 1944, it was divided into the eighth supervision area and the office of the commissioner was stationed in Wudu.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the state implemented a provincial, district (prefecture, city) and county (city, district) three-level local administrative system. On December 10, 1949, the whole territory of Xigu was liberated, and the people's Government of Xigu county was established, under the jurisdiction of Wudu district. In 1954, Dangchang county was set up in Guanting, Shawan and Fuping townships of Xigu county and in the southeast of Min county. Zhouqu administrative committee was set up in Xigu County, belonging to Gannan autonomous region.

In 1955, Gannan autonomous region was renamed Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, and its Zhouqu administrative committee was changed to Zhouqu County. There is Bailong River in the territory, which is called Zhouqu in Tibetan and named after water.

On December 26, 1955, the State Council approved the abolition of the original three administrative committees of Zhouqu, Luqu and Maqu in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, and established Zhouqu County, Luqu county and Maqu County respectively. Zhouqu County is under the jurisdiction of Fengdi District, Wuping District, Chengguan District and Yangxiang of the former Dangchang county (formerly known as Xigu county), Luoda Township, guane Township, Daheba township of the former Min County, and pingya township of the former Wudu County. These areas are divided into three districts and 25 townships. The county people's Committee is located in Xigu county. It was established on April 9.

In January 1959, Zhouqu County was renamed Longdi county. In 1962, Zhouqu County was restored.

On June 25, 2002, Gansu Provincial Department of Civil Affairs Gan min Qu Fu Zi No. 21 replied: cancel Chengguan Township and Dachuan Township, and establish Chengguan town and Dachuan town. After the adjustment, Zhouqu County governs 2 towns and 20 townships: Chengguan Town, Dachuan Town, quwa Township, bazang Township, Dayu Township, Lijie Township, Hanban Township, Fengdi Township, Pingding Township, Jiangpan Township, gongzishi Township, Zhongpai Township, Nanyu Township, Sanjiaoping Township, Chigan Township, baling Township, Wuping Township, chagang Township, Gongba Township, tieba Township, Danian Township and Boyu township.

On December 13, 2005, Gan min Qu Fu No. 59 of Gansu Provincial Civil Affairs Department replied: cancel gongzishi Township and Zhongpai Township, merge and establish Dongshan Township, and the township government is located in Lujia village; cancel Sanjiaoping Township and Chigan Township, merge and establish Guoye township; cancel Danian Township and tieba Township, merge and establish qugaona Township, and the township government is located at the confluence of Gongba River and Tieba river.

By the end of 2005, Zhouqu County had jurisdiction over two towns and 17 townships: Chengguan Town, Dachuan Town, bazang Township, quwa Township, Lijie Township, Dayu Township, Hanban Township, Fengdi Township, Pingding Township, Jiangpan Township, Dongshan Township, Nanyu Township, Guoye Township, baling Township, qugaona Township, Gongba Township, Boyu Township, chagang Township and Wuping township. There are 3 neighborhood committees, 210 village committees, 528 villager groups, 32687 households, 134188 people, 3010 square kilometers.

At the end of 2008, the county covers an area of 3010 square meters

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Gan Nan Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Zhou Qu Xian