Tongwei County, Dingxi City, Gansu Province

Tongwei County Tongwei County, subordinate to Dingxi City, Gansu Province, is located in the middle of Gansu Province, east of Dingxi City. It has a history of more than 2100 years since it was established in the third year of the Ding Dynasty (114 BC). Tongwei County, with a total area of 2908.5 square kilometers, governs 18 towns, 332 villages and 10 communities. The county government is located in Pingxiang Town, with a permanent resident population of 407900 at the end of 2017.

Tongwei county is located in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau, with grass and livestock, corn, potatoes, Chinese herbal medicine, small grains, fruits and vegetables and other characteristic industries. Tongwei county is the "hometown of Chinese painting and calligraphy", "hometown of Chinese folk culture and art", "hometown of Chinese calligraphy", "hometown of Chinese poetry", "national sports advanced county" and "national grain production advanced county". In 2011, it was listed as a contiguous poverty-stricken area in Liupan Mountain Area by the state, and in 2017, it was listed as one of the 23 deep poverty-stricken counties in the province.

In 2017, the GDP of Tongwei county was 4.072 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.1%, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 21266 yuan, an increase of 8%, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 6197 yuan, an increase of 8.8%. On the morning of November 21, 2020, the Information Office of Gansu provincial government held a press conference to announce Tongwei county's withdrawal from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

Historical evolution

Four or five thousand years ago, there were human beings living in Tongwei.

During the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties, Tongwei was inhabited by Qiang people.

In the spring and Autumn period and the early Warring States period, Tongwei was Xiangrong.

In the late Warring States period, in the 35th year of emperor Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty (272 BC), Longxi County was established, and Tongwei Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of Longxi County (now Lintao).

After the unification of Qin Dynasty, Tongwei was still under the jurisdiction of Longxi County.

Xinmang usurped the Han Dynasty, changed Tianshui County into Zhenrong county (still governing Pingxiang county), and changed Pingxiang county (now Tongwei county) into "Pingxiang county". From the first year of the reform of the Western Han Dynasty to the eighth year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, people from Chengji (now North of Qin'an County) gathered 100000 people to fight against Mang and established Xizhou regime in Pingxiang for 10 years.

After the restoration of Pingxiang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Pingxiang county was still under the jurisdiction of Tianshui County, the governor of Liangzhou. In the 17th year of Yongping, Tianshui county was renamed Hanyang county (transferred to Ji County, now Gangu), and Pingxiang county was under the jurisdiction of Hanyang county. In the fifth year of Zhongping period, Nan'an county was divided into two parts (governing the southeast of Longxi County today), and Pingxiang county was under the jurisdiction of Nan'an county.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei divided Linwei county (governing the southeast of today's Qin'an County) and Qingshui county from Pingxiang county and Lueyang County, and established Guangwei county (governing Linwei county), which was under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou.

In Jin Dynasty, Pingxiang county was under the jurisdiction of Lueyang County of Qinzhou. "The book of Jin geography records" contains: "Lueyang County, originally known as Guangwei, was renamed in Taishi." At the end of the Jin Dynasty, there was a great chaos, and the ownership of counties was uncertain.

Before Zhao and Qin Dynasty, Pingxiang county still existed. In the Western Qin Dynasty, it was found twice in historical records. After that, Pingxiang county was abandoned.

After the unification of the north in the second year of Taiping Zhenjun in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Pingxiang county was under the jurisdiction of Xianqin County, Tianshui County, Qinzhou. Yongan three years home Weizhou (now Longxi), Pingxiang county to Weizhou Nanyang County (zhihuandao) in the jurisdiction of Tao County. In the early Western Wei Dynasty, Pingxiang county was under the jurisdiction of North Qinzhou (now northwest of Qin'an County). In 554, northern Qinzhou was changed to Jiaozhou, and Pingxiang county was under the jurisdiction of Wushui County, Anyang County of Jiaozhou. Because of this, the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-581).

Sui kaihuang eighteen years (598), Jiaozhou to Jizhou. Daye three years (607), changed to county, and Wushui County into Changchuan County, Pingxiang county is under the jurisdiction of Longxi County Changchuan county.

In the first year of Wude of Tang Dynasty, Longxi County was rebuilt as Weizhou, and Pingxiang county was under the jurisdiction of Changchuan county. Zhenguan three years (629), and Changchuan County into Longcheng County, Pingxiang county is Longyou road Qinzhou Longcheng County jurisdiction. In the second year of Baoying (763), Wei, Qin and other prefectures were occupied by Tubo. Dazhong three years (849) big break Tubo, Guangfu Pingxiang, Qinzhou.

In the early Song Dynasty, the western territory only reached Xiyang town of Qinzhou (today shuixinyang Town, not crossing the Weihe River, Pingxiang county was occupied by Xixia and Tubo). At that time, the Song Dynasty took Qinzhou as its base, followed by ancient Weizhou (now Longxi) as its stronghold, and gradually developed westward. Tianxi two (1018) home Anyuan Village (now belongs to Gangu County), belongs to Qinzhou. Zhiping four years (1067) home Jichuan village, Qinzhou. In the first year of Xining reign, Yang Wenguang built a big castle in chazhu Valley, which was completed in December. Song Ting named it "Tongwei Castle". In the fifth year of Xining (1072), Tongwei fort was promoted to Tongwei village, and its leaders were dada (later evolved into "Zheda"), Qima, bendang, pumalong and Dalong, which were under the jurisdiction of Xihe road Tongyuan Army (now Longxi). In 1106, Tongwei village was upgraded to Tongwei County, belonging to Gongzhou.

In 1127, Jin built Tongwei, Jichuan and Gangu counties in Tongwei. Tongwei is under the jurisdiction of lingtiaolugong Prefecture.

In 1270, Jichuan county was incorporated into Qin'an County and Gangu County was abandoned. Fuqiang county (now Gangu) was set up in Fuqiang city of Qinzhou, and Tongwei county was transferred to the present urban area under the jurisdiction of gongchang Road, Shaanxi Province.

In the second year of Hongwu (1369) of the Ming Dynasty, Xu Da, the commander in chief, went west to gongchang. At that time, Tongwei was under the control of Yang Zhong, the governor of the Yuan Dynasty, and Dong Ti, the governor of Xu Chaiwan, recruited yang to join him. Tongwei county is under the jurisdiction of gongchang Prefecture, Longyou Road, the capital of Shaanxi Province.

In the early Qing Dynasty, the Ming system was adopted. In the second year of Kangxi (1663), Tongwei county was under the jurisdiction of gongchang Prefecture, the right governor of Shaanxi Province. In the seventh year of Kangxi, Tongwei county was under the jurisdiction of gongchang Prefecture, Gansu Province. In the 57th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, the county seat was destroyed and the county office was temporarily moved to Xiguan. In the eighth year of Yongzheng reign, the County Department was temporarily moved to Pingliang Yuanma temple, belonging to anding prison (today's Maying). At the same time, he was under the jurisdiction of Tongwei and gongchang Prefecture. Qianlong four years (1739), in the old city began to build new city, that is, the county. Qianlong 13 years (1748) city into the rule, is still gongchang house.

In March 1913, Tongwei county was under the jurisdiction of Longnan road in Gansu Province.

In July 1927, Tongwei county was changed into an administrative region under the jurisdiction of Weichuan administrative region of Gansu Province.

In August 1941, Weichuan administrative region was changed to the fourth administrative supervision region of Gansu Province.

On August 6, 1949, the county was liberated.

Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, Tongwei county has been under the jurisdiction of Tianshui special district of Gansu Province. Until October 22, 1955, Tongwei county has been under the jurisdiction of Dingxi special district of Gansu Province.

On the morning of November 21, 2020, the Information Office of Gansu provincial government held a press conference to announce Tongwei county's withdrawal from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

administrative division

As of 2017, Tongwei county has 14 towns and 4 townships: Pingxiang Town, Maying Town, Jichuan Town, bangluo Town, changjiahe Town, Yigang Town, Longyang Town, Longshan Town, Longchuan Town, Biyu Town, Xiangnan Town, Shichuan Town, Hualing Town, beichengpu Town, Xinjing Town, Lidian Town, Sanpu town and Sizi town. The county government is located at 64 West Street, Pingxiang town.

geographical environment

Location context

Tongwei county is located in the middle of Gansu Province, east of Dingxi City, between 104 ° 57 ′～ 105 ° 38 ′ E and 34 ° 55 ′～ 35 ° 29 ′ n, 78 km long from east to west and 64 km long from north to south. It borders Qin'an and Gangu counties in the southeast and South, Wushan and Longxi counties in the southwest and West, Anding District, Huining and Jingning counties in the northwest, North and northeast, covering a total area of 2908.5 square meters Km.

topographic features

Tongwei county is located in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau, with loess beams, hills and river valley terraces. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with a cultivated area of 2.2536 million mu (measured area of land ownership) and an altitude of 1410-2521 meters.

climate

Tongwei county has a temperate semi humid and semi-arid monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 7.5 ℃. The lowest temperature in winter is about - 20 ℃, and the highest temperature in summer is about 30 ℃, with a large annual temperature difference. The frost free period is 147 days, the frost free period is 120-170 days, the annual precipitation is about 380 mm, the sunshine hours are 2100-2400 hours, and the annual evaporation is more than 1500 mm.

natural resources

water resource

Tongwei county has an average annual runoff of 95.4 million cubic meters, total water resources of 109.86 million cubic meters, and self-produced water resources of 96.9 million cubic meters. The current water supply capacity of the county's water conservancy projects is 18 million cubic meters, and the new annual water supply capacity will be 73.8 million cubic meters after the completion of the first and second phases of the Taohe River Diversion Project. Tongwei county is poor in water resources. The per capita ownership is 25% of that of the whole province and 10% of that of the whole country, and the distribution is uneven. Limited by the terrain and other conditions, the exploitation is not large and the utilization rate is low. Water resources security is facing the dual pressure of resource-based water shortage and water quality based water shortage.

land resource

Tongwei county has a total land area of 2908.5 square kilometers, 2.2376 million mu of arable land, 1.667 million mu of basic farmland protection area, including 24000 mu of irrigated land. The cultivated land per capita is relatively large, the mountainous area is large, and the intensive management level is low.

mineral resources

There are 24 kinds of minerals in Tongwei County, including fluorite, dolomite, limestone, marble, quartzite, refractory clay, and more than 50 kinds of deposits (spots). The reserves of quartzite, dolomite, granite and refractory clay have comparative advantages. Granite is only distributed in the open field, and the reserves are more than 600 million cubic meters. The recoverable reserves of kaolin are 1.87 million tons, which is unique in Dingxi City. Six kinds of metal ores have been found, with more than 10 producing areas, among which the total reserves of pyrite are 3 million cubic meters.

climatic resources

There are abundant wind resources in Huajialing, niuyingdashan heiyanshan and Longshan xinjingliang areas of Tongwei county. The total installed capacity of Huajialing wind farm is 500 MW with a total investment of 4.2 billion yuan. The total installed capacity of phase I project is 50 MW

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Ding Xi Shi Tong Wei Xian