Zhen'an County, Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province

Zhen'an County Zhen'an County is one of the buildings under the jurisdiction of Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province. It is located in the southeast of Shaanxi Province, the south foot of Qinling Mountains, the southwest of Shangluo City, and the middle reaches of Qianyou River and Xunhe River, tributaries of Hanjiang River. It is 175.5km long from east to west and 72.5km wide from north to south, with a total area of 3487km2. The terrain is high in the northwest, low in the southeast, large mountains and gullies, less arable land. It is an earth rock mountainous area with "nine mountains, half water, half farmland". Zhen'an County is a national science popularization experimental county, a national medical reform pilot county, a garden city in Shaanxi Province, and a health county in Shaanxi Province. Among them, Zhen'an chestnut is famous for its big color, sweet and crisp taste, full grain, rich nutrition, and unique quality, known as the "hometown of Chinese chestnut". Since ancient times, Xi'an is the main road leading to Ankang and the natural link between Shaanxi and Hubei, known as the "throat of Qin and Chu".

In March 2019, it will be listed in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics. On May 7, 2019, the people's Government of Shaanxi Province approved Zhen'an County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence. On September 20, 2019, it won the honorary title of national greening model unit.

History of construction

Zhen'an County has a long history. In Xia Dynasty, it belonged to Fengyu, while in Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to Shu. In the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to Fengdi of Chu, and in the Warring States period, it belonged to Jiayang of Chu.

In 221 BC, the first emperor of Qin unified China. The whole country was divided into 36 counties. Zhen'an was under the jurisdiction of Hanzhong county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Zhen'an was under the jurisdiction of Xicheng County, Hanzhong county.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (188-220 AD), Zhen'an returned to Hanzhong County of Yizhou. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was under the jurisdiction of Ying Yang.

In 266, Fengyang County was set up in the south of Jingzhao and the north of Pingyang, which belongs to Shangluo county and governs Shanyang, Zhen'an and Zhashui. In the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317), Fengyang was withdrawn and Zhen'an was under the jurisdiction of Shangluo county. In 456, Fengyang County was established as Shangyong county.

In the first year of Tongtian reign of Empress Wu Zetian (696), Anye county was established in fengyangxi (the south of jiepaiwan in Zhashui County, the northeast of Ningshan county and the jurisdiction of Zhen'an County), which belongs to Shangzhou. Since then, Zhen'an has set up a county. In 708, Anye County belonged to jingzhaofu. Jingyun first year (710) changed to Shangzhou. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), it was renamed Qianyuan County, belonging to Jingzhao Prefecture and then Shangzhou. In the second year of Qianyou (949) of the later Han Dynasty, it was renamed Qianyou County, belonging to Jingzhao Prefecture.

In 976, Qianyou County belonged to Yongxing military road. In the 12th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1142), Yongxing military road was changed to jingzhaofu Road, and the county belonged to jingzhaofu road. In the Jin Dynasty, the county was abandoned and reduced to Qianyou town. It entered Xianning county and was subordinate to Xi'an Prefecture.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Xianning belonged to Shaanxi Province; in the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1292), Qianyou county was established under the jurisdiction of Jinzhou. Ming Hongwu eight years (1375), the restoration of Qianyou inspection department, under the jurisdiction of Xianning county.

In the third year of the Ming Dynasty (autumn 1452), because of the scattered dwellings in Xianning and Chang'an counties, they set up a county in the north of Qianyou inspection department, named Zhen'an, directly under the Xi'an Prefecture. In the 13th year of Chenghua (1477), it was transferred to Shangzhou, Xi'an Prefecture.

In the third year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty (1725), Shangzhou in Zhen'an was under the jurisdiction of Zhili Prefecture, and Shangzhou belonged to Tongshang road in Shaanxi Province. In 1913, Xi'an government was abolished and Zhen'an was under the jurisdiction of Hanzhong Road. After the abolishment of Dao system in 1933, Zhen'an was directly under the central government of Shaanxi Province. In 1935, Zhen'an County was under the jurisdiction of the fourth Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision of Shaanxi Province until 1949.

In November 1949, the whole territory of Zhen'an County was liberated, and it was subordinate to Shangluo District of Southern Shaanxi administrative department. In 1950, it belonged to Shangluo district. In December 1958, Zhashui County was incorporated into the central government. In September 1961, Zhashui County was restored. In 1964, Shangluo district was renamed Shangluo district. In 1970, Shangluo district was renamed Shangluo district. Zhen'an belongs to it. On August 31, 2001, Shangluo district was changed into Shangluo City, and Zhen'an has not changed.

administrative division

Zhenan County governs 14 towns and 1 sub district office: Yongle sub district office, Huilong Town, Tiechang Town, Daping Town, Miliang Town, Maoping Hui town, Xikou Hui town, Gaofeng Town, tongtongtongguan Town, Chaiping Town, Daren Town, Muwang Town, Yungaisi Town, Miaogou town and Yuehe town.

geographical environment

position

Zhen'an County is located in the southern foot of the eastern Qinling Mountains, the southeast of Shaanxi Province, the southern foot of Qinling Mountains, the southwest corner of Shangluo area, the middle reaches of Qianyou River and Xunhe river. Located at 33.8 'to 33.48 "57" n and 108 ° 34'35 "to 109 ° 36'51" E. It is adjacent to Shanyang County and Yunxi County in Hubei Province in the East, Ningshan County in the west, Xunyang County in the South and Zhashui County in the north. It is 98 km away from Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province and 178 km away from Shangluo city.

landforms

The terrain of Zhen'an County inclines from northwest to Southeast, with crisscross mountains and numerous eroded rivers, forming a palm shaped vein like landform with mountains, rivers, plains and beaches. Zhen'an County is located in the Qinba mountain area at the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains, in the Indosinian fold belt of the Qinling geosynclinal fold system. Zhen'an has a complex terrain, the most prominent feature of which is the vast mountainous area, large mountains, deep ditches, alternating mountains and rivers, known as "nine mountains, half water, half farmland". Yingzuishi, located between Yangsi and Lizha, is 2601.6m above sea level, which is the highest point in Zhen'an. The lowest point is located at shijiagoukou, Xunhe village, Longsheng Township, 344M above sea level, with the maximum height difference of 2257.6m. Guangdong mountain, enchanting array, yingzuishi mountain, Tayun mountain, Haitang mountain, Wanglong mountain, Xianglu mountain, gudaoling mountain, Beiyang mountain, daijialing mountain, haojiashan mountain and jishangjia mountain are the main mountain ranges. There are 5801 rivers and small rivers in Zhen'an, with an area of 610000 mu. It belongs to the branch of Hanjiang River in the Yangtze River system. There are Xunhe River, Qianyou River in transit and 5 rivers out of the river. Most of the river basins are forest areas.

climate

Zhen'an is located in the north-south temperature 0 ℃ demarcation line and 800 mm precipitation line. The North-South climate coexists with the North-South organisms, and the North-South landscape gathers together. Although it belongs to the Yangtze River Basin, it has loess customs. Although it belongs to the northwest region, it has beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. It belongs to the transition zone from the North cool subtropical zone to the warm temperate zone, with semi humid climate. The annual average sunshine is 1947.4 hours, the annual average wind speed is 1.4 m / s, the annual average temperature is 12.2 ℃, the frost free period is 206 days, the annual precipitation is 800-1000 mm, and the annual average rainfall is 804.8 mm. Due to the complex terrain and the great vertical difference of climate, Zhen'an County always has the agricultural proverb of "the height is not the same, the slope difference between yin and Yang is more".

natural resources

water resource

There are more than 5800 rivers, including 87 rivers with a drainage area of more than 10 square kilometers, and Xunhe and Qianyou rivers with a drainage area of more than 1000 square kilometers. With 326000 kilowatts of water resources, 120000 kilowatts can be developed and utilized. It is a county with primary electrification standard in rural China. Baojiaya and Chaiping, with abundant water flow and large drop, have been listed in the national cascade development plan for the middle and upper reaches of Hanjiang River, a tributary of the Yangtze River.

mineral resources

14 kinds of gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, zinc, manganese, antimony and 19 kinds of non-metallic minerals such as limestone, talc, marble, granite, barite and dolomite have been preliminarily proved to have mining value. Among them, the gold reserves are 60 tons, the lead-zinc reserves are 400000 tons, and the limestone C + D reserves are 450 million tons.

Soil resources

The characteristics of the soil in Zhen'an are: short soil forming process, high content of gravel and sand, heavy clay, poor tillage, thin soil layer, serious soil erosion, low content of soil organic matter, low content of available nutrients, and imbalance of nitrogen and phosphorus. In geographical distribution, it has obvious horizontal zonation, vertical zonation and regional characteristics. With the change of latitude, the climate changes from the north subtropical zone to the warm temperate zone, and the vegetation types also change. The developed soil is also different. It has the law of horizontal distribution, mainly including clay, sandy soil, ballast soil, silt and paddy soil.

Vegetation resources

Zhen'an is one of the five Dalin districts in Shaanxi Province. There are more than 1300 kinds of seed plants and 188 kinds of main tree species. Tung oil tree, citrus, palm and Liquidambar formosana in the north subtropical zone, Pinus tabulaeformis, spruce, lacquer tree, chestnut and walnut in the warm temperate zone all grow well. Among them, Ginkgo biloba, Cinnamomum camphora, Magnolia and Osmanthus fragrans are valuable tree species, while Taxus chinensis, Ginkgo biloba and other national first-class protected plants. Wheat tree, Eucommia ulmoides, Lianxiang tree, Abies qinlingensis, cypress, fragrant fruit tree, narrow leaf Ping'er cottage are national protected objects, and Zhenan chestnut, walnut, Xiangyuan tea, raw lacquer and other large forest products are famous at home and abroad. There are more than 480 kinds of wild traditional Chinese medicine materials, such as Gastrodia elata, Erhua, Schisandra chinensis, Angelica sinensis, etc.

Animal resources

There are more than 300 species of wild animals, including 27 species of rare wild animals under national and provincial protection: takin, Qingyang, Sumen antelope, linlu, leopard, clouded leopard, black bear, big civet, maoguanlu, Hongyang, giant salamander, nickel chicken, golden cat, golden pheasant, red waist horn, red horn bird, eagle, sparrow hawk, grey crane, etc.

population

Zhen'an had the largest population in 1823 and 1920. During the 37 years from 1949 to 1985 after the founding of new China, the total population of the people's Republic of China increased with each passing year, except that 1962 was 100 less than the previous year. The natural growth rate is positive except 1959, the highest is 35.76 ‰ in 1956 and the lowest is 5.04 ‰ in 1983.

In 1975, after the family planning work was carried out, the population was controlled. In 1990, the birth rate increased by 7.25 thousand points compared with 1982, and the death rate decreased by 0.47 thousand points

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Shang Luo Shi Zhen An Xian