Erguna City, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Erguna Erguna is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is located in the northwest of Daxinganling, the north end of Hulunbuir grassland and the right bank of Erguna river. Its geographical coordinates are 50 ° 01 ′～ 53 ° 26 ′ N and 119 ° 07 ′～ 121 ° 49 ′ e. it is the city with the highest latitude in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the northernmost border city in China. Erguna covers an area of 28400 square kilometers, with a total population of 79942 by the end of 2018.

Erguna city has been awarded the honorary titles of "the most tourism destination with folk culture characteristics in China", "national leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration county", "the best wetland for tourism with Chinese characteristics", "the most ecological city in China" and "national scenic spot".

Regional overview

Erguna city is named after Erguna River, which means "holding and offering" in Mongolian. It is known as "Hulunbeier miniature" and is Hulunbeier's city card. It has a total population of 81000 and a total area of 28900 square kilometers, accounting for 11.4% of the total land area of Hulunbeier, ranking second in all the banners and cities, and is the county-level city with the highest latitude in China. It has jurisdiction over 1 Sumu, 3 townships, 3 towns, 2 sub district offices and 1 Management Committee. The location is significant. In the northwest, it faces Russia across the Erguna river. The border line is 673.11km long, accounting for 64.4% of the total border line between China and Russia in the autonomous region. There are two national first-class ports, Heishantou and Shiwei. It is a multi-ethnic community. The harmonious coexistence of 21 nationalities is the birthplace of Mongolian. There are 7847 people of Russian and Chinese Russian descent in the city. There are Enhe, the only Russian nationality township in the country, and Sanhe, the only Hui nationality township in the autonomous region. It is rich in resources. The per capita share of freshwater resources is 21 times that of the national per capita share, 23 times that of cultivated land, 19 times that of grassland and 178 times that of forest. Located in the Derbugan metallogenic belt, 24 kinds of minerals have been proved, including coal, gold, lead-zinc, iron, copper, molybdenum, etc. The ecology is in good condition. The green coverage rate in the region reaches 93%. The city has 2.02 million hectares of forest land, 220 million cubic meters of standing trees and 73.4% of forest coverage; 520000 hectares of natural grassland with the most complete types and the best preserved in the region; 3.58 billion cubic meters of water resources; 81 rivers with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers; and "the first wetland in Asia" with high latitude and low altitude.

In recent years, our city has been rated as "the most tourism destination with folk culture characteristics in China", "national leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration county", "the best wetland for tourism with Chinese characteristics", "the most ecological city in China" and "national scenic spot". Erguna wetland scenic spot was promoted to 4A scenic spot, and Erguna National Wetland Park was established. Erguna Urban Wetland Park was approved as "National Urban Wetland Park" by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, and mordaoga town was selected as the first batch of Characteristic Towns in China.

Evolution of organizational system

Erguna is the meaning of "holding and presenting" in Mongolian. Later, it was gradually modified as "dedication".

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Shiwei became part of Hulunbeier's tribal base. In the Tang Dynasty, Shiwei was under the jurisdiction of the governor's office.

In 1206, it was the territory of hesaer, Genghis Khan's second younger brother. The ancient city of Heishantou was the main city where they lived.

In 1727, the Qing government set up a "Kalun" in the Erguna river basin to manage border affairs and internal affairs until the Republic of China

Shiwei county and Qiqian county were established in 1920, and Qiqian county was established in 1921. In 1933, Shiwei county and Qiqian county were changed into Erguna left wing banner and Erguna right wing banner. In 1948, the people's Government of Erguna banner was established in Sanhe Town.

In January 1966, with the approval of the State Council, Erguna banner was abolished and divided into left and right banners. Sanhe, Shangkuli and labalarin, which were assigned to chenbalhu banner in 1961, were zoned back to Erguna Right Banner. In 1975, the banner government moved to labdalin.

In 1994, the State Council agreed to abolish Erguna Right Banner and establish Erguna city (county level), with the former administrative region of Erguna Right Banner as the administrative region of Erguna city.

administrative division

As of 2016, Erguna has jurisdiction over 2 streets, 3 towns, 3 townships and 1 Sumu: labdalin Street (formerly labdalin town), Shangkuli street, mordaoga Town, heihantou Town, enhehada Town, Sanhe Hui Township, Enhe Russian nationality township, Qiqian Township and mengwushiwei Sumu; in addition, Suqin Management Committee, a township level unit, has been set up.

geographical environment

Location context

Erguna city is located in the northwest of Daxinganling, the north end of Hulunbeier Grassland and the right bank of Erguna River in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is the city with the highest latitude in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Erguna city covers an area of 50 ° 01 ′～ 53 ° 26 ′ N and 119 ° 07 ′～ 121 ° 49 ′ e. it is adjacent to Mohe County of Heilongjiang Province in the northeast, Genhe City in the East, Yakeshi city and chenbalhu banner in the southeast and south, and Russia across Erguna River in the West and North. In 2011, Erguna had a jurisdiction area of 28400 square kilometers and a border line of 671 kilometers.

topographic features

The topography of Erguna is mainly hilly. The Erguna massif is an important tectonic unit in the Central Asia Mongolia Xing'an giant composite orogenic belt with a ne extension of more than 1500km. The north side of the block is the Mesozoic Mongolia Okhotsk fold belt, and the northeast part of the block is connected with the momen block.

climate

The urban area of Erguna city has a temperate continental grassland climate, the north of Genhe has a temperate monsoon climate, and the north of mordaoga town has a cold temperate monsoon coniferous forest climate. The annual average temperature in the urban area is between - 2.0 ℃ and 3.0 ℃, the annual rainfall is 200 ~ 280mm, and the sunshine time is 2500 ~ 3000 hours. The climate characteristics of Erguna city in four seasons are as follows: the temperature rises sharply in spring, the number of windy days, less precipitation and large variability; the summer is short, warm, abundant rainfall, and the rain is hot in the same season; the autumn cools quickly, and the first frost is early. The maximum wind direction is northwest wind in the north and southwest wind in the South; the winter is long and cold with little precipitation, but the air humidity is high.

natural resources

mineral resources

As of 2008, 19 kinds of mineral resources of 7 categories have been found in Erguna City, accounting for 29% of the mineral resources found in Hulunbuir city. Nine kinds of mineral resources (coal, placer gold, rock gold, lead-zinc, iron, fluorite, marble, mineral water) have been proved or preliminarily proved, including energy mine, ferrous metal mine, non-ferrous metal mine, precious metal mine, water gas mine, radioactive mine and other mineral resources There are 21 non-metallic mines.

land resource

In 2008, among the land in Erguna, forest land accounted for 67%, pasture land 17%, and cultivated land 6%.

plant resources

As of 2010, there are Larix gmelinii, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Betula platyphylla, Betula nigra, Populus davidiana and other trees in Erguna City, with a forest coverage rate of 64.80%.

Population nationality

population

By the end of 2018, the total number of registered residence households was 33791, with a total population of 79942. In the total population, there are 40369 males and 39573 females, accounting for 50.5% and 49.5% respectively. In the total population, there are 58015 urban residents and 21927 rural residents, accounting for 72.6% and 27.4% of the total population respectively. In the total population of the city, there are 58778 Han people, 7897 Mongolian people, 6583 Hui people and 2613 Russian people.

nation

There are 14 ethnic groups in Erguna, including Mongolian, Han, Hui and Russian.

Politics

Secretary of the municipal Party committee: Fan Dongliang

Mayor: ah Jinle

Chairman of the National People's Congress: Yue Xiaobo

CPPCC Chairman: Zhao Weizhong

Economics

overview

In 2018, the city's GDP reached 4.519 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1.9%. Among them, the added value of the primary industry reached 1.902 billion yuan, up 3.4% year-on-year; the added value of the secondary industry reached 502 million yuan, down 14.7%; the added value of the tertiary industry reached 2.115 billion yuan, up 6.9% year-on-year; the ratio of the three industrial structures was 42.1:11.1:46.8. Per capita GDP was 56283 yuan, with a growth rate of 2.6%.

Fiscal revenue grew steadily. The total local fiscal revenue of the whole city reached 333 million yuan, an increase of 1.6% over the same period of last year. Among them, the general public budget revenue reached 156 million yuan, an increase of 10.4%. The general public budget expenditure was 1.898 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2%.

In 2018, the per capita disposable income of all residents was 28173 yuan, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year; the per capita disposable income of urban permanent residents was 28928 yuan, an increase of 7.6%; the per capita disposable income of rural and pastoral permanent residents was 25882 yuan, an increase of 9.4%.

primary industry

In 2018, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry in Erguna City reached 3.072 billion yuan, with a comparable price increase of 2.95%. The total sown area of grain crops in the whole year was 1.254 million mu, including 1.1121 million mu of wheat sown area and 94000 mu of barley sown area. The annual grain output was 408665 tons, including 387958 tons of wheat and 8372 tons of barley.

Based on its advantages, animal husbandry actively promotes the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. In the calendar year, the number of livestock in the city was 5

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