Tengchong City, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province

Tengchong, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Baoshan City, is located in the southwest of Yunnan Province and in the west of Baoshan City. It is connected with Longyang District in the East, Longling County and Lianghe County in the south, Yingjiang County and the Republic of Myanmar in the west, and Lushui city in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in the northeast. The city is 606 kilometers away from the capital city of Kunming, 200 kilometers away from Myitkyina, Burma, and 602 kilometers from India, and it is an important gateway and node for China to South Asia and Southeast Asia.

By 2020, Tengchong city covers an area of 5845 square kilometers, with a border line of 148.075 kilometers. It has jurisdiction over one street (Tengyue Street), 10 towns and 7 townships, with a total population of 689000. In 2019, it will achieve a GDP of 25.27 billion yuan.

Tengchong is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, a nation of literature and a distribution center of jadeite, as well as a provincial historical and cultural city. Tengchong was called Dian Yue in the Western Han Dynasty, and Tengchong Prefecture was set up in the middle of Dali state. Because of its important geographical location, all previous dynasties sent heavy troops to garrison it. In the Ming Dynasty, a stone city was built, which was called "the first city on the border". The main tourist attractions in Tengchong include Volcano Group National Park, dieshuihe waterfall, Beihai Wetland Reserve, Guoshang cemetery, aisqi former residence, etc.

In March 2020, it won the title of national advanced county of village cleaning action, and was praised by the central agricultural office and the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas.

Historical evolution

In the Han Dynasty, Tengchong belonged to the alliance state "mengdaguang" (Ailao state).

During the Three Kingdoms period, Tengchong belonged to Pan Yue State. Pan Yue is a subordinate state of mengdaguang. The name of the country comes from the history of the Three Kingdoms (Wei Shu), "Pan Yue is also known as Han Yue, and the king is thousands of miles southeast of Tianzhu, which is similar to Yidu (Yizhou county)"

In Sui and Tang Dynasties, Tengchong belonged to Tengyue state. Tengyue state is a subordinate state of mengdaguang. Tengchong was named after the old and new books of the Tang Dynasty, also known as "Tengchong" and "Tengchong". Tengchong belongs to the core area of Tengyue. Tengyue, also known as Tengyue, was first seen in the Tang Dynasty.

There was Teng Yue State in Nanzhao. Tengyue state is a subordinate state of mengshelong, which is under the jurisdiction of Yongchang Jiedu. In Tengchong County, there are Tanglang, tengwan, Yueli City, Yuefu and Shenfu. Tengchong, also known as Tengchong and Tengchong, appeared for the first time in Yunnan annals written by fan Chuo, and they are all juxtaposed place names.

In Song Dynasty, Tengchong Prefecture was established in Dali. In the early days of Dali state, Nanzhao system was followed. In the period of supreme China (the period of the dictatorship of Gao Xiangguo), Yongchang Jiedu was divided into two parts: Yongchang Prefecture was set up to the east of Nujiang River, Tengchong Prefecture was set up to the west of Nujiang River, which was governed by his descendants Gao Taixian and Gao Taiyun respectively. "Tengyue kingdom" no longer exists.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Tengyue Prefecture, Tengyue County, Tengyue Prefecture, and even Tengyue prefecture were scorned as "softening Prefecture". In the third year of emperor Xianzong of the Yuan Dynasty, shigaojiu was attached to the Yuan Dynasty after gaotaiyun. Tengyue Prefecture, Tengyue county and Tengyue prefecture (Tengchong prefecture) were established in the Yuan Dynasty. The people of Yuan Dynasty regarded Tengchong as an important military area. They were afraid that the word "Tengchong" in the name "Tengchong mansion" was too strong in Dali, so they called it "softening mansion".

During the Ming Dynasty, Tengchong military and civilian command department was in charge of Xishuangbanna and Laos. According to the geography annals of the Ming Dynasty, "Tengyue Prefecture, Tengchong Prefecture of the Yuan Dynasty, in March of the 15th year of Hongwu, belonged to the chief secretary and was occupied by the Luchuan army.". In September of the first year of Yongle, Tengchong garrison was established In March of the 10th year of Zhengtong, he was promoted to the military and civilian Command Department of Tengchong. In October of the 3rd year of Jiajing, he set up Tengyue Prefecture In December of the 10th year, the commander of the army and the people was called Tengchong Wei. " The three Xuans are Ganya Xuanfu, Longchuan Xuanfu and Nandian Xuanfu; the six Xuans are mubang Xuanwei, Myanmar Xuanwei, Cheli Xuanwei, 800 Dadian Xuanwei, Laos Xuanwei and Mengyang Xuanwei.

In the Qing Dynasty, there were Tengyue Wei, Tengyue Zhou and Tengyue hall. In the early Qing Dynasty, Tengyue Wei was set up; in 1687, Tengyue Wei was changed to Tengyue Prefecture; in 1820, it was upgraded to Zhili Hall (Zhili Tongzhi, yixidao); in 1822, it was reduced to Tengyue Hall (Tengyue Hall). Tengyue hall led seven chieftains, namely Nandian, Ganya, Zhanda, Longchuan, mengmao, Husa and Lasa.

After the Republic of China, Tengchong County was established. On October 27, 1911, Zhang Wenguang and Liu Fuguo launched the Tengyue uprising and fired the first shot of the Xinhai Revolution in Yunnan. In 1912, Tengchong government was set up in Tengchong. In 1913, Tengchong County was established.

In 1942, the Japanese occupied Tengchong and set up Tengyue province and Tengchong County in western Yunnan. On September 14, 1944, the Chinese expeditionary army recovered Tengchong. Tengchong is the first Japanese garrison town recovered by Chinese troops since the Anti Japanese war.

On December 15, 1949, the 36th regiment of the seventh detachment of the border vertical army entered Tengchong, and on December 23, the Tengchong County provisional people's Liberation Committee was established. On February 21, 1950, Tengchong County People's government was established, which belongs to Baoshan District. In April 1956, Tengchong County was incorporated into Dehong Autonomous Prefecture along with Baoshan District. In August 1963, Tengchong County was separated from Dehong Prefecture with Baoshan District. On January 1, 1971, Baoshan area was changed to Baoshan area, and Tengchong county belongs to Baoshan area. After Baoshan area was changed into Baoshan City, Tengchong county belongs to Baoshan City.

On August 4, 2015, Tengchong County was abolished and county-level Tengchong city was established. Tengchong city was directly under the central government of Yunnan Province and managed by Baoshan City.

administrative division

By 2020, Tengchong has jurisdiction over 1 Street (Tengyue Street), 10 towns (Jietou Town, Qushi Town, Mingguang Town, Gudong Town, Diantan Town, Heshun Town, Zhonghe Town, Houqiao Town, Hehua town and Mangbang town), and 7 townships (Wuhe Township, Beihai Township, Mazhan Township, puchuan Township, Xinhua Township, Tuantian Township and Qingshui township). The government is in Tengyue street.

geographical environment

Location context

Tengchong city is located in the west of Yunnan Province, adjacent to Lushui city in the northeast, Longyang District in the East, Longling County and Lianghe County in the south, Yingjiang County in the west, and the Republic of the union of Myanmar in the northwest and North. Located between 98 ° 05 '- 98 ° 45'e and 24 ° 38' - 25 ° 52'n, it covers an area of 5845 square kilometers. The city is 606 kilometers away from the capital city of Kunming, 200 kilometers away from Myitkyina, Burma, and 602 kilometers from India, and it is an important gateway and node for China to South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Geology and geomorphology

Tengchong is located in the place where the Eurasian plate collides with the Indian plate. Intense volcanic movement occurred in the geological history. It is because of the collision between the two continents that Tengchong has become a rare and typical volcanic geothermal co-existence area in the world. It covers an area of 1000 square kilometers, with 99 volcanoes and 88 hot springs.

There are many mountains in Tengchong, with the highest altitude of 3780 meters and the lowest altitude of 930 meters. Gaoligong Mountain is a part of Hengduan Mountain. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The area of dam area (River Valley) accounts for 16% of the total area, and the area of mountainous area and mid mountain area accounts for 84%.

Climatic characteristics

Tengchong has a tropical monsoon climate, which combines the advantages of continental climate and marine climate. It is sunny in winter and spring, warm in climate, sunny and rainy in summer and autumn, cool and pleasant in climate. The annual average rainfall is 1531 mm, and the annual average relative humidity is 77%. The lowest temperature in winter is no less than 0 ℃ to avoid cold, and the highest temperature in summer is no more than 30 ℃ to avoid summer. It is rated as "the most suitable place for human living" One of the places. The air quality in the territory is good, with an average content of 3827 negative oxygen ions per cubic centimeter, up to more than 38000, and PM2.5 less than 10, which is called "natural oxygen bar".

hydrographic features

There are three water systems in Tengchong City, namely Binglang River, Longchuan River and Daying River, with a total flow length of 496 kilometers and a runoff area of 5690 square kilometers.

natural resources

mineral resources

Tengchong is one of the rich mineral counties in Yunnan Province with a wide range of mineral resources and high grade. Up to 2015, 35 kinds of minerals have been found, 19 kinds of proven reserves, including rare metals such as uranium, tin, tungsten, rubidium, cesium, scandium, selenium, etc. Iron ore reserves are 200 million tons, with an average grade of 40% - 50%; diatomite reserves are 470 million tons, accounting for about 1 / 3 of the proven reserves in China; wollastonite reserves exceed 120 million tons, belonging to a very large deposit; lignite reserves are 140 million tons. The developed minerals mainly include iron, tin, lead, zinc and other metallic minerals, as well as diatomite, wollastonite, kaolin and other non-metallic minerals. Volcanic rock reserves are extremely rich, volcanic rock distribution area of 1100 square kilometers, reserves of 20 billion cubic meters.

Hydropower resources

The water resources in Tengchong city mainly include three water systems: Binglang River, Longchuan River and Daying river. The water energy reserve is more than 1.3 million kilowatts, which is under overall development.

Biological resources

Tengchong city is rich in forest resources, with a forest coverage rate of 70.7%. Gaoligong Mountain, which traverses the whole city, is rich in species and has a variety of species. It is known as the "species gene bank", listed as the "biodiversity conservation circle" by UNESCO, and listed as A-level protected area by WWF.

As of 2010, there are more than 2000 species of higher plants and 55 species of aquatic phytoplankton in Tengchong city. There are mainly Taiwania flousiana, goose feather tree, Tieshu, camellia, etc. Among them, there are 60 species of rare wild plants under state key protection, such as Rhododendron grandis, Magnolia oblongata, Taxus yunnanensis, Alsophila spinulosa, Ginkgo biloba, etc. The timber reserve is sufficient, with 48.72 million square meters of standing timber, ranking second in Yunnan Province.

As of 2010, there are 7 orders 21 families of mammals, 14 orders 42 families of birds in Tengchong city,

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Bao Shan Shi Teng Chong Shi