Huazhou District, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province

Huazhou District Huazhou district is subordinate to Weinan City, Shaanxi Province. It was formerly known as Zheng county, Xianlin and Wuxiang, and was renamed Huaxian County in 1913. It is located in the north foot of Qinling Mountains, the east of Guanzhong Plain and the South Bank of Weihe River, more than 70 kilometers away from the ancient capital Xi'an in the West and 29 kilometers away from Huashan, a national scenic spot in the East. It is adjacent to Huayin City in the East, 23 kilometers away from Linwei District of Weinan municipal government in the west, Qinling Mountains in the south, Luonan County and Lantian County in the south, Weihe River in the north and Dali County in the north.

Huazhou district covers an area of 1139.5 square kilometers, with a total population of 370000 (information from the government network in July 2018), and governs one street and nine towns. In 2018, the GDP of Huazhou District reached 7.561 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8%. Qinling Mountains in the South and Weihe River in the north. The terrain is high in the South and high in the north, with a trough in the middle. The arable land area is 410000 mu. There are mountains, plateaus, rivers and beaches in the territory. It is known as "Six Mountains, one water and three fields".

Huazhou district was called Zheng county in ancient times. According to the research on the rose pattern pottery unearthed from the Quanhu village site, Huazhou is the birthplace of the Chinese nation. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, it was the seat of Huazhou Prefecture. In 1913, it was renamed Huaxian county. In October 2016, Huaxian county was divided into districts.

In Huazhou District, there are "holy mountain" of Emperor Yao's mausoleum, Maogou village of Mao's distant ancestor, Weihua uprising revolutionary site memorial hall, Chishui bridge built in the Qing Dynasty, Qiaoyu ancient plank road left in the Han Dynasty, etc. Zheng Huan cemetery, the ancestor of "Zheng surname" in the world, is still well preserved 2800 years ago. It is a provincial cultural relic protection unit, and thousands of descendants of Zheng surname come here to worship their ancestors every year.

Huazhou district is "the capital of molybdenum industry in China", "the base of pollution-free vegetables in China", "Shaohua mountain in China" and "the hometown of shadow play in China". Huazhou has been the capital since ancient times, known as "the thoroughfare of eight provinces" and "the first state outside Tonghua". It is also the first batch of national agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration zones. In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list.

Evolution of organizational system

According to archaeological excavation, in the Neolithic age, there were Clan Villages in Yuanjun temple, Quanhu village and Laoguantai in Xinglin town.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the territory belonged to the capital and was called "Zheng". In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Tongguo was enfeoffed in the southwest of Jinxian county. In the 22nd year of King Xuan of Zhou (806 BC), King Xuan of Zhou granted his younger brother Ji You (Duke Huan of Zheng) to Zheng, namely the state of Zheng. Duke Huan of Zheng lived in Fulin (also known as Xianlin), and later moved to Shi (Fulin and Shi are in the northeast of the county). In 773 BC, Duke Huan of Zheng moved his people to Xinzheng County, Henan Province. In 769 BC, the state of Zheng moved eastward.

In the 11th year of Wugong (687 BC) in the spring and Autumn period, because Zhengyi was the old capital of the state of Zheng, the state of Qin established Zheng county here, which was the beginning of the establishment of Huaxian county.

During the Warring States period, Zheng county still belonged to the state of Qin.

In the Qin Dynasty, Zheng county was under the jurisdiction of NEISHI, and the county government was in the north of today's county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Zheng county belonged to jingzhaoyin, and the county government was in the north of today's county. At the same time, there are two counties in the county: one is Shenyang County, which is more than ten miles northeast of the county; the other is Wucheng County, which is more than ten miles east of the county. Shenyang County and Wucheng county are under the jurisdiction of Zuo Fengyi.

Wang Mang changed Wucheng county to Huancheng county and Shenyang County to Zhichang county.

At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wucheng was abolished and Shenyang entered Zheng county, which belonged to jingzhaoyin.

During the Three Kingdoms period of Cao Wei and the Western Jin Dynasty, Zheng county was subordinate to Jingzhao County of Yongzhou.

During the period of Sixteen States, Zheng county belonged to pre Zhao, post Zhao, pre Qin, post Qin, Xia and other states.

In the first year (440) of Taiping Zhenjun in Northern Wei Dynasty, Huashan county was set up in Zheng county, which belonged to Taizhou. In 487, Zheng county belonged to Huashan County of Huazhou. In the second year of Xiaochang (526), Dongyong Prefecture was set up in Zheng county in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Zheng county was transferred to Huashan County of Dongyong Prefecture. Huashan county leads five counties: Zheng county, Huayin County, Fuxi County, Xiayang county and Yingyang county. Zheng county is located in the west of the present urban area.

In the Western Wei Dynasty, in 554, Dongyong Prefecture was changed into Huazhou. Huazhou led Huashan county and Baishui County, and Huashan County led Zheng county and Fuxi county.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the county government was transferred to Jinshi village, and in the fourth year, it was transferred to Guocun. In the third year of Daye (607 AD), the Prefecture was abolished, belonging to Jingzhao county.

In the Sui Dynasty, Huashan county was abolished in the third year of kaihuang (583) and Huazhou in the third year of Daye (607). Zheng county was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao county. The county government has been moved to the west of the county. In the first year of Yining (617), Zheng county and Huayin of Jingzhao county were cut and Huashan county was restored.

In the Tang Dynasty, Huashan county was changed to Huazhou in 618, which belonged to Weinan County of Yongzhou. Weinan was subordinate to Yongzhou in 622. In the first year of chuigong (685), Xiaying (now the northern part of Weinan City) in Tongzhou belonged to Huazhou, which governed Zheng county, Huayin (including Tongguan), Xiaying 3 counties, and Zheng county. Huazhou was renamed Taizhou in 686, the first year of Shenlong (705), Huayin County in 742, Huazhou in 758, Taizhou in 761, Huazhou in 762, Xingde Prefecture in 897, and Huazhou in 906 State. Zheng county is located in the west of today's County, and Huazhou county is located in today's County after the first year of Yongtai (765).

In the Five Dynasties, Huazhou governed Zheng county, Huayin and Xiaying. In 956, Weinan was transferred to Huazhou.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zheng county belonged to Huazhou in Yongxing military road, and the governance of Huazhou was still located in Zheng county, which had jurisdiction over Zheng county, Xiaying, Huayin, Pucheng and Weinan.

In the Jin Dynasty, Zheng county belonged to Huazhou in jingzhaofu Road, which was the same as that in the Northern Song Dynasty.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Zheng county of the province entered Huazhou, and the establishment of Zheng county was abolished, and its territory was directly under the central government of Huazhou. Huazhou is located in Fengyuan road of xingzhongshu Province in Shaanxi Province (where the government is located in today's Xi'an city), and it has jurisdiction over Pucheng, Huayin, Weinan (including Xiaying) three counties. In 1275, Zheng county was restored, and then it was abandoned to Huazhou.

In the Ming Dynasty, Huazhou was subordinate to Shaanxi Province and other departments, which announced the Xi'an Office of the minister. In the early Ming Dynasty, it governed Huayin, Pucheng and Weinan. In 1374, Luonan and Shangxian belonged to it. In the 13th year of Chenghua (1477), Xi'an Prefecture was changed to Shangzhou (where it is now in Shangxian county), and in the 38th year of Jiajing (1559), Weinan Prefecture was changed to Xi'an Prefecture. Huazhou is governed by the county.

Before the third year of Yongzheng (1725), Huazhou belonged to Xi'an Prefecture of Shaanxi Province. Three years after Yongzheng, Huazhou was upgraded to Zhili Prefecture, with jurisdiction over Pucheng, Huayin and Tongguan counties. After the first year of Qianlong (1736), Huazhou was no longer under the jurisdiction of Tongzhou Prefecture, Tongshang Road, Shaanxi Province.

During the period of the Republic of China, in February 1913, Huazhou was changed to Huaxian County, which was under the jurisdiction of Guanzhong road in Shaanxi Province. In 1927, Guanzhong road was withdrawn and it was directly under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province. In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), it was the eighth Office of the administrative inspector general of Shaanxi Province (now Dali County). In June of the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), the second office of the administrative inspector general of Shaanxi Province was established in Hua county, which has jurisdiction over Hua county, Huayin, Tongguan, Weinan, Lintong and Lantian.

After liberation in May 1949, Hua county belonged to Weinan district administrative inspector Office of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region government. In May 1950, it was attached to Weinan District Office of Shaanxi Province. In October 1956, the office of the high commissioner was abolished, and Huaxian county was directly under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province. In January 1959, Hua county was merged with Weinan, Huayin and Tongguan to be called Weinan county. Yuanhua county was divided into three people's communes: Huazhou, Gaotang and Jindui. In September 1961, the organizational system of Huaxian county was restored, belonging to Weinan Commissioner's office. In 1968, under the Weinan regional Revolutionary Committee. In 1980, it belonged to Weinan administrative office. Since 1994, it belongs to Weinan City.

In October 2015, with the approval of the State Council, Huaxian county was abolished and Huazhou District of Weinan City was established, with the administrative region of Yuanhua County as the administrative region of Huazhou district.

On January 22, 2016, Huazhou district was officially established.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1928, the Weihua revolutionary uprising shocked the whole country. On May 23, 1949, the CPC peacefully liberated Huaxian county. The county has 93 townships in 13 districts. Later, it was reduced to 290 administrative villages in 45 townships of 8 districts and 1 city.

In May 1950, it was adjusted to 7 districts and 51 townships. In July 1953, it was adjusted to 8 districts and 53 townships. In 1956, there were three districts and 17 townships in the county. In April 1957, the district was withdrawn and the number of townships was adjusted to 20.

In September 1958, the three-level system of commune, production brigade and production team was implemented, and 19 communes were set up in the county. The whole county was merged into Weinan County in June. There are three people's communes in Huazhou, Gaotang and Jindui, which have jurisdiction over 24 districts, 189 production teams and 1208 production teams.

In August 1961, Huaxian county was restored, and communes, production teams and production teams were set up in the county. By 1982, there were 1 town, 18 people's communes, 243 production teams and 1343 production teams in the county.

In 1984, there were 8 towns (Chengguan, Jindui, Guapo, lianhuasi, Chishui, Liuzhi, Gaotang, Xinglin), 11 townships (Daming, Xinzhuang, Shaohua, xiamiao, Dongzhao, Dongyang, houfang, Shengshan, Bijia, Huazhou, Jinhui), 26 residents committees and 243 administrative villages.

In 2001, 19 townships were merged into 14 townships, 5 townships (Huazhou Township, Shaohua Township, Shengshan Township, Dongzhao Township, houfang township) were abolished, and Huazhou Township and Chengguan Township were merged into Huazhou Town, Shaohua Township and Lianhua temple

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