Lantian County, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province

Lantian County, belonging to Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, is located in the north foot of Qinling Mountains and the southeast of Guanzhong Plain. In the southeast, it is bounded by Qinling Mountains, connecting with Luonan County, Shangzhou District and Zhashui County of Shangluo City; in the west, it is bounded by kuyu River, adjacent to Chang'an District and Baqiao district; in the north, it is bounded by Lishan Mountain, adjacent to Lintong District, Linwei district and Huazhou District of Weinan City, with a total area of 2006 square kilometers, accounting for about 50% of the total area of Xi'an city 9% of the total area. It is 22 kilometers away from Xi'an.

Lantian jade is the hometown of Huaxu, the mother of Fuxi and Nuwa, the direct ancestor of Yandi and Huangdi. Lantian jade is one of the four famous jades. It is named after its rich in beautiful jade. It is known as "jade Lantian". According to the road of Qin and Chu, Lantian jade has been called "three auxiliary centers" since ancient times. It is an important road from Guanzhong to Southeast provinces. Lantian is a famous historical and cultural city in Shaanxi Province. It has unearthed Shangchen site, lantianren site and other ancient sites. There are some scenic spots such as Wuzhen temple, Shuilu temple, Wangshun mountain, Tangyu hot spring and so on.

In 2019, Lantian County governs one street and 18 towns with a permanent resident population of 536100, realizing a GDP of 14.923 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 2.835 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 3.546 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry is 8.545 billion yuan. The composition of the three industries is 18.9:23.8:57.3. According to the resident population, the annual per capita GDP is 27818 yuan.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Lantian jade is one of the "four famous jades" in Zhou Dynasty, so it is named Lantian. The famous jade seal handed down by Qin Shihuang is made of Lantian shuicangyu.

History of construction

Ancient times

Lantian is an important birthplace of the Chinese nation. The Shangchen site 2.12 million years ago in Lantian is the earliest site of human activities in Northeast Asia. It is 420000 years earlier than the earliest known "Yuanmou Man" in China, rewriting history textbooks.

About 1.15 million years ago, one of the ancestors of the Chinese nation, the Lantian ape man, lived in gongwangling, Lantian County, and gradually scattered in the middle and lower reaches of the Bahe River.

About 10000 years ago, the ancestors settled down in the Bahe, Wangchuan and Jiaotang river basins, making pottery, grinding stone tools, raising livestock, and gradually transiting from matriarchal clan society to paternal clan society. Lantian has Huaxu's mausoleum, zunlushi's Mausoleum and Nuwa's Valley site, which is known as the "former residence of the Three Emperors" in history.

Xia (about 21st century bc-16th century BC)

Yu Ziqi established Xia, and Lantian belonged to the Hu family (the Fang state of Xia), which was under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou in legend.

Shang and Zhou Dynasties

Shang Dynasty (16th-11th century BC)

Shang Tang destroyed Xia Dynasty and established the capital of Bo. Lantian belongs to Lishan family, which is historically known as the western border of Shang Dynasty. Later, it belonged to the Zhou Dynasty, which was still under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou.

Western Zhou Dynasty (about 11th century bc-771 BC)

Zhou granted the MI family to Lantian, so it was called "Mi" and lived in the interior of the capital of Zhou. This is the earliest name of Lantian in history.

spring and autumn

In the 12th year of Ninggong (704 BC), it was destroyed by the Dang clan. Duke Ning of Qin destroyed Dang's family and changed it to Qin state, which was called "Lan". There is Zishui in the blue land.

In the 37th year of Mugong of Qin Dynasty (623 BC), Zishui was renamed bashui.

the warring states

In the sixth year of Xiangong of Qin Dynasty (379 BC), Lantian County was established in Qin Dynasty.

In the 17th year (368 BC), Qin Xiangong granted his son Xiang the title of "Lan Tian Jun".

In the 12th year of emperor Xiaogong of Qin Dynasty (350 BC), Xiaoyi was taken as 31 counties in the early Qin Dynasty, and Zhiyang county was set up in the northwest of celantin.

In the 13th year of King Hui of Qin Dynasty (312 BC), King Huai of Chu attacked Qin and fought in Lantian. Chu was defeated.

In the first year of emperor Zhuangxiang of Qin Dynasty (249 BC), the prime minister LV Buwei was granted the title of Wenxin Marquis and was in charge of 12 counties such as Lantian.

Qin Dynasty

In the 25th year of Emperor Qinshihuang (222 BC), Dinghu palace and yumeiyuan were built in Lantian.

In the 26th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (221 BC), Qin unified the six countries and divided the whole country into 36 counties. Lantian was subordinate to NEISHI county.

In the 27th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (220 BC), Qin Xiuchi road was built in Lantian state. The southeast Chi Road started from Xianyang, passed Lantian, passed Wuguan and reached Xiangyang.

In September of the third year of Qin II (207 BC), Zhao Gaopai will guard the pass. Liu Bang led his troops around Yiguan and fought against the Qin army, which was defeated.

The Western Han Dynasty

In the first year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (206 BC), Xiang Yu established himself as the overlord of Western Chu, established the state of Sai, and enfeoffed Sima Xin as the king of Sai. Lantian was subordinate to the state of Sai.

In the second year of Gaozu (205 BC), there was a great hunger in Guanzhong and people ate each other. In the Han Dynasty, NEISHI county was Weinan County, and Lantian County was Weinan county.

In 153BC, Emperor Jingdi of the Han Dynasty committed suicide and buried himself in Lantian (today's yanzizhong in the southeast of Chenyan village, Sanli Town, Lantian County).

In the fifth year of Yuanshou (118 BC), Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty Liu Che recuperated in Dinghu palace of Shanglinyuan. The name of the palace was changed to Dinghu Yanshou palace.

Eastern Han Dynasty

In the first year of Jianwu (25 years) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yongzhou was established, and Lantian County was subordinate to Yongzhou. In the same year, Sanfu was hungry and people ate each other. When yancen, king of Wu'an, ruled Lantian. Jianwu 15 years (39 years), Yongzhou Province, the restoration of Sili, Lantian Sili.

In July of the 17th year of Jian'an (212), Ma Chaoyu and Liang Xingbu tunlantian, and Xia Houyuan flattened them. Jian'an 18 years (213 years) in January, provincial Sili, Fu Yongzhou, under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao County, Lantian Lizhi.

Wei-Jin period

Cao Wei: in 221, Lantian belonged to Qin State and Jingzhao state, and in 244, it belonged to Jingzhao county.

Western Jin Dynasty: in the sixth year of Xianning (280), Lantian belonged to Jingzhao county and was even more subordinate to Yongzhou.

Former Zhao Dynasty: in the second year of the reign of emperor Guangchu (319), there were Sili and Lantian Lizhi in Jingzhao county.

After Zhao: Taihe two years (329 years), set up Yongzhou jurisdiction Jingzhao County, Lantian Jingzhao county.

Pre Qin Dynasty: the first year of emperor Shi (351), set up Sili, under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao County, Lantian Lizhi.

Later Qin Dynasty: the reason why Lantian was subordinate to it.

Eastern Jin Dynasty: Yixi 13 years (417 years): change Sili set up Yongzhou, jurisdiction Jingzhao county. Lantian belongs to Jingzhao county.

Northern Wei Dynasty: in the first year of Shiguang (424), the Northern Wei Dynasty began to reach Lantian and set up Jingzhao county (under the jurisdiction of Lantian County). In the early days, there was duling County in Lantian County. In 430, Yongzhou was set up in Jingzhao county. Lantian is under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao county. In 446, the seventh year of Taiping Zhenjun in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Lantian County entered Bacheng county. In 487, Lantian was set up in the eleventh year of Wei Taihe, with Bacheng county and Shanbei county. It took 41 years (446-487) for Bacheng county to replace Lantian.

In the Western Wei Dynasty (535-556), Yongzhou was set up, under the jurisdiction of lantianshanbei two counties.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Lantian County was established in the first year of emperor Tianwang (557), and it had jurisdiction over Lantian, Yushan and Bailu counties. In the second year of Jiande (573), Yushan and Bailu counties were abandoned, and their jurisdiction was transferred to Lantian County, where they were transferred to Yiliu city and attached to Jingzhao county.

Sui and Tang Dynasties

Sui kaihuang nine years (589), set up Yongzhou jurisdiction Lantian. Daye three years (607), set Sili jurisdiction Jingzhao County, Lantian Li.

In the Tang Dynasty, the state of sheyong governed Lantian (Ji county). In the second year of Wude (619), Lantian County was divided into Bailu and Lantian counties. The next year, Bailu county was changed to ningmin County, and Yushan County was added, which was under the command of Yongzhou. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Yushan County and ningmin county were abolished, and the land under its jurisdiction entered Lantian County, which was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao county. In 690, it came to Yongzhou. In the first year of Kaiyuan (713), Lantian belonged to jingzhaofu.

Five Dynasties

It belongs to Yongzhou.

During the Kaiping period of the Later Liang Dynasty (907-911), Lantian belonged to Da'an Prefecture of Yongzhou.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

In the third year of Zhidao (997) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Guanxi road was changed to Shaanxi Road, under which Jingzhao mansion was set up, and Lantian belonged to Jingzhao mansion. In the fifth year of Xining (1068), Lantian was attached to Yongxing military road, and in the first year of Daguan (1107), it was attached to Dadu Dufu under Yongxing military road.

In 1142, Lantian belonged to jingzhaofu road and jingzhaozongfu.

In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1265), Lantian belonged to the provincial government of Sichuan Province in Shaanxi Province, and in the seventh year of the Yuan Dynasty (1270), it belonged to the provincial government of Sichuan Province. In 1286, it belonged to Xi'an road. In the 24th year of Zhiyuan (1287), it belonged to xingzhongshu Province in Sichuan Province. Huangqing first year (1312), is Fengyuan road.

Ming and Qing Dynasties

In 1369, Lantian belonged to Xi'an Prefecture.

In 1644, Lantian belonged to the Xi'an government of Shaanxi Province. In 1783, the southern part of Lantian was divided into xiaoyichuan, which was set up to Fumin Tongzhi. After a short time, it returned to Lantian, and there was no change thereafter.

The Republic of China

Lantian was under the jurisdiction of Xi'an government of Guanzhong road. After the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, Lantian was divided into several war zones. Firstly, Lantian was under the jurisdiction of Shangzhou, and then Xianyang.

The People's Republic of China

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Lantian was subordinate to the five changes

In 1950, it belonged to Weinan district.

In 1956, under the direct leadership of Shaanxi Provincial People's commission.

In 1959, it was transferred to Xi'an.

In 1961, it returned to Weinan district.

In 1983, it was once again assigned to Xi'an city.

administrative division

Division evolution

Before the Tang Dynasty, there was no examination of the administrative divisions and grassroots administrative units below the county level in Lantian County.

Regionalization in Ming Dynasty

The county is divided into four townships, East, West, South and North, with a total of 20 Li. It has jurisdiction over five li. To the county 50 miles, to Weinan County boundary.

Xixiang County West, jurisdiction of 3 li. 70 miles to Xianning county.

South County for the South Township, jurisdiction 7 Li. Go to the county town 50 miles to Shangzhou.

North County for the North Township, jurisdiction 5 li. Lintong is 50 Li from the county seat, 100 li from the east to the West and 120 Li from the north to the south.

Regionalization in Qing Dynasty

At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it was divided into four townships with 16 Li in total, and then four more townships were added with 20 Li in total.

In the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), the average grain time was 5 Li, which was slightly different from that in the early Qing Dynasty. The garrison was divided into left, right, middle, front and back (called the five guards).

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