Yunxiao County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province

Yunxiao County Yunxiao County, located in the southern coast of Fujian Province, covers an area of 1054.3 square kilometers, governs six towns and three townships, with a population of 416000 (the sixth census). Xiamen Shenzhen railway, Zhangzhao expressway, National Highway 324, provincial highway 210 and 211 run through the territory, with 30 kilometers of inland navigation.

The terrain of Yunxiao County inclines from the northwest to the south, the northeast, the West and the southwest are mountainous, and the central to southeast are coastal plains. The coastline is 48 kilometers long. Zhangjiang River flows through the county. Fengtou reservoir and Xiangdong canal are built in the upstream. The average annual temperature is 21.2 ℃ and the annual precipitation is 1730.6 mm.

Scenic spots and monuments in Yunxiao County include Jianfeng Xia Shang peiqiu site, Yuanling Shang Zhou printed pottery cultural site, Xianren peak, Qingqi rock painting, Yunshan academy, Weihui temple, shuzilou, Zhangzhou ancient city, Shifan tower and Wushan eighteen caves, the site of Minnan Special Committee during the second Civil Revolutionary War. Gaoxi Guanyin Pavilion and Chen Zheng tomb, the founding sites of the Heaven Earth Society, are cultural relics under provincial protection.

On January 9, 2019, with the help of calligraphy and painting, he was selected into the list of "hometown of Chinese folk culture and art" from 2018 to 2020. The top ten counties (cities) of county economic development in Fujian Province in 2019.

From January to December in 2019, Yunxiao County will achieve a GDP of 22.542 billion yuan.

Historical evolution

Evolution of administrative districts

In the 33rd year of Emperor Qinshihuang (214 BC), Yunxiao belonged to Nanhai county. In the 12th year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (195 BC), it belonged to Nanhai state; in the period of emperor Wendi of Han Dynasty (179 bc-164 BC), Nanhai state rebelled, and after it was pacified, it belonged to Jieyang County of Nanyue state.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was established as Suian County, under the jurisdiction of Yian county. In the Southern Dynasties, song, Qi, Liang and Chen were still Suian county.

Sui kaihuang 12 years (592) abandoned sui'an into Longxi, Wanchuan two counties, respectively, under Quanzhou (now Fuzhou), Chaozhou.

In 686, yunxiaojing belonged to Zhangpu and Huaien, respectively. In the 29th year of Kaiyuan (741), Huaien was abolished and entered Zhangpu County (another saying is that in the 28th year of Kaiyuan, it was divided into Zhangpu Prefecture and established Huaien county. In the second year of Zhengyuan, Huaien county came from Longxi County in the province of Mingji.

In Song Dynasty, it was Pudong Li, Anren Township, Zhangpu County.

Yuan for Zhangpu County Anren Township xiuzhuli, xin'anli. In 1322, xin'anli was assigned to Nansheng county.

In the early Ming Dynasty, it was the six capitals of Zhangpu County, with jurisdiction over three maps. In 1519, it belonged to Pinghe and Zhangpu counties, and after Jiajing, it belonged to Zhangpu, Pinghe and Zhaoan counties.

Qing Qianlong first year (1736), in Zhangpu County Cheng. Jiaqing three years (1798) under the jurisdiction of the county magistrate 30 Bao, and cut Pinghe 25 Bao, Zhao'an 2 Bao 13 village, 4 Figure 5 about, set up Yunxiao Fumin hall, stationed in Tongzhi, it is also known as Zhangzhou Branch.

In 1913, Yunxiao Fumin hall was changed to Yunxiao County, which was under the jurisdiction of Zhangzhou Prefecture and Fujian west road. In the third year of the Republic of China, it was transferred to Ting Zhang road. In the 14th year of the Republic of China, Tao was abolished and attached to the provincial government. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China, he was attached to Longting Province during the Fujian incident. After the failure of the "Fujian incident" in the 23rd year of the Republic of China, it was subordinate to the sixth administrative supervision district of Fujian Province, and changed to the fifth in the 24th year of the Republic of China. In the 33rd year of the Republic of China, the office of the District Commissioner for supervision moved to Yunxiao.

When the people's Republic of China was founded, Yunxiao County was subordinate to the sixth administrative region of Fujian Province. It belonged to Longxi District in 1950, Longxi special district in 1955, Longxi District in 1978 and Zhangzhou city from 1985 to 1996.

On March 6, 2019, the Central Propaganda Department, the Ministry of finance, the Ministry of culture and tourism, and the State Administration of cultural relics announced the list of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (the first batch), in which Yunxiao County was included.

historical event

According to the existing textual research data, Yunxiao had its ancestors living more than 5000 years ago.

In the sixth year of Xianhe (331) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Nanhai county was divided into its eastern region, and Dongguan county was added, and Suian county was set up. The county government was under the current Yunxiao Huotian Dashi yuan. "Yixi nine years (413 years) and divided into East official County Yian County, county and county are established.". During this period, Yi'an county was once located in sui'an county. During the Southern Qi Dynasty (479-502), sui'an County ranked first among the six counties in Yi'an County, and was the political, economic and cultural center of the county.

Yunxiao is the birthplace of Zhangzhou civilization, known as "Kaizhang Holy Land". In the second year of Tang Zongzhang (669), Chen Zheng, the general of zuolang in Yifu of Yuqian Wei, led his troops to the south of Fujian Province. He guarded the land of Suian county and built a fortress with ziyuanguang in Yunxiao Huotian. He cultivated and guarded the land. He was at the intersection of Fujian and Guangdong. When Chen Zheng was involved in suianxi, he referred to it as "the water is like the Qingzhang of the party", and Zhangjiang got its name from then on. In the second year of Yifeng (677), Chen Zheng died of illness in Yunxiao. Yuan Guang was ordered to attack his post and wrote a memorial to establish the state. In the second year of chuigong (686), the imperial court authorized the establishment of a prefecture here, which is called "Zhangzhou". The county is located in today's Yunxiao, and the two counties of Zhangpu and Huaien (Huaien was established in the 28th year of Kaiyuan and abandoned in Zhangpu in the 29th year). Zhangpu County is attached to the state. Chen Yuanguang was the first governor of the Central Plains. After the founding of the state, he continued to lead the people to set up villages, set up platforms in four areas, and sent troops to garrison. He recruited exiles and set up Tang Huali. He advocated the promotion of xiangxu, spread the culture of the central Plains, and made the folk customs pure. He promoted the advanced production technology of the Central Plains through agriculture and industry, and changed the "she species without farming calf" and "only millet and millet" into "miscellaneous flowers, three winters green, and Jiahe twice new"; he was a merchant It has been honored as the "king of Kaizhang" by later generations. In the fourth year of Kaiyuan (716), Li aochuan moved to the state and Zhangpu County moved with the state, so Yunxiao was called Zhangpu post.

In the Song Dynasty, a post shop was set up along the Yunxiao road to promote agriculture and fishing, make pottery, conduct commerce and build temples. At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, there were frequent wars, the people were in dire straits, and the government forced the people to revolt.

In the Ming Dynasty, it was still a Yunxiao post. In the second year of Wanli (1574), it was stationed in Haifang Tongzhi. In the 20th year of Wanli, it was also stationed in arresting and punishing pirates to guard against Japanese pirates.

On the 10th of October in 1649, the sixth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong, a patriotic national hero of anti Qing Dynasty, led his army to attack the clouds from the lower reaches of Zhangjiang River, and took Liangshan Mountain as a barrier to set up defense in Pantuoling. In the north, it refused the Qing army, and in the south, it strangled Dongshan Bay and expanded its momentum to Zhao'an. In September 1661, in order to destroy Zheng Jun, the Qing government ordered the immigrants from the coastal areas to enter the mainland, "those who crossed the border were killed", and countless people were lost. In the middle of the 18th century, with the invasion of colonial economy, Yunxiao people opposed the rule of the Qing government more and more frequently. In 1761, in Gaotang village, Yunxiao, Zheng Kai founded the anti Qing society party "Heaven Earth Society" in Gaoxi temple and Guanyin Pavilion. He preached and united the people against the Qing government. His organization spread all over southern Fujian. It expanded from southern Fujian to Taiwan, echoed by the anti Qing intellectuals in Guangdong, Guangdong and the Yangtze River Valley, and gradually spread to overseas Chinese settlements.

In 1840, after the outbreak of the first Opium War, the British Invaders invaded Xiamen. The Qing government signed a series of betrayal treaties with the British, American and French invaders, which aroused strong dissatisfaction among the people of Southern Fujian. In 1850, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement, the people in the territory took part in the Yunxiao "knife club" and "huizai army" and other anti Qing organizations. In 1853, led by Zhu Xiang of yuekeng village, the anti Qing organization "Brotherhood" was established, and people from all over the coastal areas participated in it, echoing with the Taiping army. In September of the third year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1864), Li Shixian, the Minister of the Taiping army, led his troops into southern Fujian and stationed in the "Huamiao" in Yangxia to carry out anti Qing activities. He connected local people with lofty ideals and strengthened the armed forces. Then, with the cooperation of the yuekeng "Brotherhood", he occupied Yunxiao city for more than 200 days. In the middle of April of the fourth year of tongzhi (1865), Zuo Zongtang led more than 30000 soldiers into the sky to encircle and suppress. Although the Taiping Army and the "Brotherhood" failed, Yunxiao's anti imperialist and anti Qing struggles continued one after another, mainly including Chen Dai's "white fan association", "elder brother Association" and other anti Qing activities, and gradually extended to neighboring villages and counties.

In the early period of the Republic of China, the achievements of the revolution of 1911 were usurped by the northern warlords, and the warlords fought against each other for years. In 1918, Chen Shaopeng, the commander of the Guangdong army, led his troops to invade Yunxiao County. Since then, warlords of various factions have been in and out frequently. Warlords collude with local tyrants and evil gentry, send military salaries, spread donations, burn, kill and plunder, and the people have been ravaged. In the ninth year of the Republic of China, Li Houji, a northern warlord, brought opium poppy seeds and forced farmers to plant them. He first collected seed money and then forced opium to donate. The people in Yunxiao could not bear the heavy burden. The rural organizations in Northwest China organized the "joint township autonomy" to fight against the excessive taxes and levies of the northern warlords, and dealt a heavy blow to the reactionary warlords.

Yunxiao is one of the bases for armed revolutionary struggle in Southern Fujian. From March to April in the 21st year of the Republic of China, the central county Party committee of Zhangzhou of the Communist Party of China sent members to Yunxiao to carry out the new democratic revolutionary movement; in May, the third Minnan independent regiment of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army (hereinafter referred to as the "red third regiment") was established in the suburbs of Zhangpu. In March of the 22nd year of the Republic of China, a secret transportation station was set up in xunankeng, Yunxiao, at the junction of YUNPU and Pingshui. In April of the 23rd year of the Republic of China, the first CPC branch was set up in Pingshui (now Pingshui village, Mapu township). In August, the Soviet government was set up in Pingshui. At the end of the 24th year of the Republic of China, Wushan revolutionary base was opened up and yunhezhao County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the people of Yunxiao old liberated area fought bloody battles to smash the repeated "encirclement and suppression" by the central and local armies of the Kuomintang, and then launched eight years of Anti Japanese struggle against the civil war launched by the right wing of the Kuomintang until Yunxiao was peacefully liberated. On the land of clouds,

Chinese PinYin : Fu Jian Sheng Zhang Zhou Shi Yun Xiao Xian