Mengzi City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Mengzi city is the prefecture level administrative capital of Honghe Autonomous Prefecture, located in the southeast of Yunnan Province, is the core area of the central city in southern Yunnan. Mengzi city covers an area of 2228 square kilometers, of which the dam area is 544.2 square kilometers, accounting for 24.4% of the total area, and the main urban area is 30.8 square kilometers. There are provincial Mengzi economic development zone and provincial Honghe Industrial Park.

In 2017, the total resident population of Mengzi city was 452000, including 327200 urban residents and 124800 rural residents. Mengzi has jurisdiction over 7 towns, 2 townships and 2 ethnic townships. In 2017, Mengzi achieved a GDP of 19.096 billion yuan.

Mengzi is one of the 24 oldest counties in Yunnan Province. It was the largest port of foreign trade in Yunnan Province in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. At that time, more than 80% of Yunnan's import and export materials were transported through Mengzi. Yunnan's first customs, the first telegraph office, the first post office, the first foreign bank, the first private railway, the first foreign-funded enterprise, the first consulate in Yunnan, the first thermal power station and many other firsts came into being here. In 1938, the grammar school of Southwest Associated University moved to Mengzi. Top 100 counties and cities in Western China in 2019.

Historical evolution

Mengzi has a history of over 10000 years of human reproduction and 2100 years of county construction. Mengzi is named after muzeshan on the edge of xibazi county. When one says "Mu", it means "Mu", and then "Mu", which means "bamboo". First, it means "Miao's family" in Miao language.

In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, it was established in bengu County, one of the 24 counties under the jurisdiction of Yizhou county.

In Eastern Han Dynasty, it belonged to Bingu County of Yizhou County, in Shuhan of Three Kingdoms, it belonged to Bingu County of Xingu County of Yizhou County, and in Liang Dynasty, it belonged to Bingu County of ningzhou county.

The Northern Zhou Dynasty belonged to Nanning. Sui belongs to Nanning Prefecture.

At the beginning of Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Jiannan Daorong state, tangnanzhao state was under the jurisdiction of Tonghai dududufu, and song Dali state was under the jurisdiction of Xiushan junmu.

In the seventh year of Yuan Xianzong (1257), Mengzi County was set up, belonging to abowan family; in the 13th year of Yuan Dynasty (1276 AD), Mengzi County has been set up, belonging to Lin'an Road, xuanweisi, Yuanjiang, Guangxi. In the Ming Dynasty, it was Mengzi County, subordinate to Lin'an Prefecture.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it was Mengzi County under the system of Ming Dynasty and belonged to Lin'an Prefecture. In July of 1730, the eighth year of Yongzheng reign, Lin'an Prefecture belonged to Yidong road; in October of 1766, the 31st year of Qianlong reign, Lin'an Prefecture belonged to Yinan road; after the Sino French War (1883-1885), in October of 1887, the 13th year of Guangxu reign, in order to meet the needs of foreign trade, the Qing government and France signed a special article on Sino French business in Beijing, designating Longzhou of Guangxi and Mengzi of Yunnan as the trading places, and Mengzi became the capital of China The treaty between China and France opened a commercial port. In the same year, the Qing government set up a branch patrol of Kaiguang road in Lin'an, which was under the jurisdiction of Lin'an prefecture (now Jianshui County), Kaihua Prefecture and Guangnan prefecture (all in the area of jinwenshan prefecture), and was also in charge of the Mengzi customs which was about to be officially opened and closed. Therefore, Mengzi became the military and political center of Southeast Yunnan in the modern history of Yunnan. In 1889, Mengzi Customs was officially opened and closed. It was the first customs in Modern Yunnan and one of the 21 Dahai customs in modern China.

In the early years of the Republic of China, it belonged to Mengzi Taoism and was the residence of Daoyin. In 1929, it was directly under Yunnan Province. In 1942, it was the third administrative supervision district of Yunnan Province (in Jianshui County). In 1948, it was the fifth administrative supervision district of Yunnan Province (in Jianshui County).

administrative division

Division evolution

On January 16, 1950, Mengzi was liberated. The people's Government of Mengzi County was subordinate to Mengzi special district, and the administrative office of the special district was stationed in Mengzi.

On November 18, 1957, Mengzi special region and Honghe Hani Autonomous Region (located in Yuanyang County today) merged to form Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, with the prefecture capital in Mengzi.

In July 1958, the people's Committee of Honghe Prefecture moved from Mengzi County to Gejiu City.

On October 20, 1958, the 81st plenary session of the State Council decided to abolish Mengzi County and put all the areas of the former Mengzi County into Gejiu City.

On September 13, 1960, the 103rd plenary session of the State Council adopted that the former Mengzi system, which was merged into and abolished by Gejiu, should be restored, and its administrative region should remain unchanged as before, and Mengzi should be led by Gejiu. In the same year, Caoba commune in Kaiyuan belonged to Mengzi.

On February 14, 1961, the State Council approved that Mengzi, formerly under the leadership of Gejiu, should be put under the direct leadership of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture.

On November 26, 1992, Mengzi was listed as a provincial economic development zone.

On December 18, 1992, Mengzi was listed as a national open county.

On February 5, 1999, Mengzi was listed as a provincial agricultural industrialization experimental demonstration zone.

In 2001, the foundation laying ceremony for the relocation of state administrative organs was held in Mengzi development zone.

On January 29, 2003, the State Council approved the relocation of Honghe Prefecture Government from Gejiu City to Mengzi County.

On July 11, 2003, the provincial government decided to build Mengzi gekaiyuan, the central city of Southern Yunnan, with Mengzi as the core.

On September 10, 2010, with the approval of the State Council and the reply of the Ministry of civil affairs, Mengzi County was abolished and Mengzi city was established.

Zoning details

As of 2012, Mengzi city has jurisdiction over 7 towns, 2 townships and 2 ethnic townships, including Wenlan Town, Caoba Town, Yuguopu Town, xin'ansuo Town, Zhicun Town, Mingjiu Miao Town, Lengquan Town, Shuitian Township, xibeile Township, Qilu Bai Miao Township and Laozhai Miao township.

geographical environment

Location context

Mengzi city is located in the southeast of Yunnan Province and the east of Honghe Prefecture. The maximum horizontal distance from east to west is 61.3 km, and the maximum vertical distance from north to south is 62 km, covering a total area of 2228 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Wenshan city in the East, Pingbian Miao Autonomous County in the south, Gejiu City in the West and Kaiyuan city in the north. The Tropic of cancer passes through xiaobazin of Mingjiu Town, suzu of xibeile Township, dataizi of Wenlan Town, Xinguang of Yuguopu town and haidongba of Changqiao town.

terrain

The main terrain of Mengzi city is mountainous area and dam area, of which the mountainous area accounts for 75.6% of the total area; the dam area accounts for 24.4% of the total area, and the altitude of the county is 1307 meters.

climate

Mengzi is located in the low latitude plateau of Yunnan Province and belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate type. The annual average temperature is 18.6 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 33.8 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is 2.9 ℃, the frost free period is 337 days, the annual rainfall is 815.8 mm, and the average annual sunshine hours is 2234 hours.

natural resources

land resource

Mengzi dam is one of the six major dams in Yunnan Province, and the largest dam in Honghe Prefecture and even in southern Yunnan. The dam area accounts for 24% of the land area of Mengzi City, 18 percentage points higher than that of Yunnan Province. Mengzi city has 1.1045 million mu of arable land, 3.34 mu per capita.

water resource

The total amount of water resources in the territory is 1.215 billion cubic meters, and the exploitable amount is 212 million cubic meters. The current situation of urban daily water supply is 60000 tons, and the medium and long-term planning is 160000 tons. The degree of water conservancy in the dam area reaches 75%.

mineral resources

As of 2014, the main mineral resources of Mengzi city are silver, tin, lead, zinc, copper, coal, marble, phosphorus, uranium and other minerals. Among them, the Bainiuchang Silver Polymetallic Mine in Mengzi County has been proved to be the largest silver mine in China.

Population nationality

In 2017, the total resident population of Mengzi city was 452000, including 327200 urban residents and 124800 rural residents. The urbanization rate of the whole city reached 72.39%, 3.49 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. The annual birth rate was 12.93 ‰, the death rate was 6.26 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 6.67 ‰.

The total registered residence of the city was 414 thousand and 800 at the end of the year. Among them, there were 205800 males and 209000 females. The population of ethnic minorities is 250 thousand and 500, accounting for 60.4% of the total registered residence population.

The Han population of Mengzi city is 187362, accounting for 44.91% of the total population; the minority population is 229794, accounting for 55.09% of the total population. Among them, the Yi population is 110172, accounting for 26.41% of the total population; the Miao population is 61751, accounting for 14.80% of the total population; the Zhuang population is 43312, accounting for 10.38% of the total population; the Hani population is 6060, accounting for 1.45% of the total population; the Hui population is 3750, accounting for 0.90% of the total population; the rest of the ethnic minorities are 4749, accounting for 1.14% of the total population.

economic development

survey

In 2017, Mengzi achieved a GDP of 19.096 billion yuan, an increase of 17.4% over the previous year at comparable prices (the same below). Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 2.419 billion yuan, an increase of 6.2%; the added value of the secondary industry was 10.006 billion yuan, an increase of 27.4%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 6.67 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8%. The three industrial structure is 12.7:52.4:34.9. The city's per capita GDP reached 42435 yuan.

The added value of the city's non-public economy reached 7.801 billion yuan, an increase of 19.7% over the previous year, accounting for 40.8% of GDP, an increase of 0.7 percentage point over the previous year.

The total revenue of the whole year was 2.66 billion yuan, an increase of 3.4% over the previous year. Among the total fiscal revenue, the local general public budget revenue was 1.871 billion yuan, an increase of 6.6% over the previous year, of which the tax revenue was 760 million yuan, a decrease of 7.7%; the non tax revenue was 1.111 billion yuan, an increase of 19.1%. The annual local general public budget expenditure was 34.98%

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