Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province

Lintong District, belonging to Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, is located in the east of Guanzhong Plain, bordering Lantian County in the south, Yanliang District in the north, Sanyuan County of Xianyang City in the northwest, Gaoling District in the west, Linwei District of Weinan City in the East, and Baqiao District in the southwest. It is between 109 ° 05 ′ 49 ″ - 109 ° 27 ′ 50 ″ E and 34 ° 16 ′ 49 ″ - 34 ° 44 ′ 11 ″ n with a total area of 915 square kilometers. The famous "eighth wonder of the world" - the terracotta warriors and horses of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty and "Beijing time" originated from the national time service center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Lintong district.

From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties to the Han and Tang Dynasties, Lintong has always been the capital of China and the center of China's political, economic and cultural activities. There are many historical heritages in the territory, including Jiangzhai site in Yangshao culture period, Lishan Mountain where Fenghuo opera took place, hongmenbao in Xinfeng Town where Hongmenyan took place, Qinshihuang Mausoleum, the mausoleum of the first emperor of China, HuaQingChi, the resting place of Emperor Xuanzong and Princess Yang, and bingjianting, the place where Xi'an incident took place.

As of 2018, Lintong District has 23 streets. By the end of 2017, the permanent resident population of Lintong district was 689900, with a GDP of 22.101 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 3.145 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 6.667 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry was 12.280 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP was 32224 yuan.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Lintong District has a long history. After Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties, it has always been the capital city. Because there is Linhe River in the East and Tonghe River in the west, it is named Lintong. "Lintong county annals" said: "the name of Xiangfu was changed, so it was named Lintong because it was around Linshui and tongshui.". Lintong district changed the name of Zhaoying County in Tang Dynasty to Lintong in 1015. Lintong is known for its East and West rivers surrounded by Lintong.

History of construction

In the early Yuan Dynasty, the north and the South became one county after the incorporation of Liyang into Lintong. Before that, the north and the South were divided into two parts. In order to avoid confusion, the north and the South were divided into two parts.

Before Song Dynasty, North and South were divided

1、 South part of Weihe River

To the south of the Weihe River in Lintong, it is said that the Nuwa family thrived here in ancient times.

Shang was the state of Li and Zhou was the state of Lirong. One after another, Licheng (Shang) and Lirong (Zhou) were set up in the east of Lintong County, 24 li away from the water.

In the Qin Dynasty, Lintong was an internal history. The first emperor of Qin set up Zhiyang county (about the year of Youwang village in Hanyu today) near Zhiyang palace. In the 16th year of the reign of the first emperor of Qin (231 BC), Liyi was set up in the west of playing with the water. In the 35th year of the first emperor of Qin (212 BC), 30000 families moved here, so it was changed to Li county.

In 197 B.C., Xinfeng County was set up 18 Li East of the present county, and Zhiyang was changed into baling County, all under the jurisdiction of jingzhaoyin.

In 189, Yinpan county was set up in Xinfeng.

During the Three Kingdoms period of Cao Wei, the imperial mausoleum was changed to the imperial city.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, Yinpan was set up in xinfengdi, belonging to Jingzhao county.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the dominating city and Yinpan were abolished at the same time.

In the Tang Dynasty, Xinfeng was changed into Qingshan in the second year of chuigong (686), Hongmen county (divided into Qingshan county and Weinan county) and Hongzhou in Lingkou in the second year of Tianshu (691), governed by Qingshan, Weinan, Liyang, Hongmen and Gaoling, Hongmen and Hongzhou were abolished in the first year of Dazu (701), and fuqingshan was Xinfeng in the first year of Shenlong (705). In 744, Huichang county was established in the north of Huaqing Palace at the foot of Lishan Mountain, which was divided into Xinfeng County and Wannian county. In 748, Huichang county was changed into Zhaoying County, and Xinfeng County was merged into Zhaoying county.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao was changed to Lintong in 1015.

From Tang Dynasty to Northern Song Dynasty, the southern part of Weihe River in Lintong District belonged to jingzhaofu.

2、 The northern part of Weihe River

In the area north of Weihe River, in the spring and Autumn period, there was an oak town in Jin Dynasty. In the 15th year of Jinggong of Qin Dynasty (562 BC), Qin seized the land of Jin Dynasty. In the 2nd year of Xiangong of Qin Dynasty (383 BC), the city of oak Yang was built (located near Wutun, 70 Li north of today's county), and the capital of Yong (now Fengxiang county) was moved to oak Yang. In the 12th year of emperor Xiaogong of Qin Dynasty (350 BC), he moved the capital to Xianyang and changed it into a county.

In the Qin Dynasty, Liyang belonged to the internal history.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Xiang Yu granted Sima Xin the title of king of the frontier and once took Liyang as his capital.

In the second year of emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (205 BC), "pacify the elders outside the pass and return to the capital of Liyang" (records of the high emperor). In the seventh year of emperor Gaozu (200 BC), the capital of Han Dynasty was moved to Chang'an, and Liyang was set as a county. In the tenth year of emperor Gaozu (197bc), Liu Bang buried his father in the north of the city, and called his mausoleum Wannian mausoleum, that is, Wannian County was set up in the city to serve the mausoleum.

In the first year of Xinmang (9 years), the two counties of Liyang and Wannian were changed into shiting and Yichi counties.

In the 25th year of Emperor Guangwu's founding, Wannian county was established. The original site of the city is still in the original Liyang.

In the Han Dynasty, both of them belonged to Zuo Fengyi.

Cao Wei and Jin belong to Jingzhao county.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Zuo Fengyi.

In 498, the 22nd year of Taihe reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and in 500, the first year of Jingming reign of emperor Xuanwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Zhang county (located in today's Jiaokou town) and Guangyang county (located in today's Liyang Town) were established respectively.

In 558, Emperor Ming of the Northern Zhou Dynasty abolished Wannian county and merged it into Guangyang. At the same time, Guangyang county government was moved to the old Wannian (its site is ancient Liyang, now Wutun).

In the first year of Renshou (601), Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, Guangyang county was changed to Wannian, which belonged to Jingzhao county.

In 618, the first year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty, Wannian was changed to Liyang, and the county government was moved to the town of Liyang. At the same time, Pingling county was set up in the second year of Wude (619), Pingling county was changed into Suyi county (its site was in the year of suyimiao in Kangqiao township), and Suyi county was abolished and merged into Liyang in the eighth year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty (634). During this period, it was under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou. After Hongzhou was established in the second year of Emperor Wu Zetian's reign (691), it belonged to Hongzhou. After Hongzhou was abolished in the first year of Dazu (701), it was changed to Huazhou.

During the Five Dynasties, from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty, Liyang belonged to jingzhaofu.

In 1267, the emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty began to withdraw the county and merge it into Lintong, so it became a town.

After the Yuan Dynasty, the north and the South became one

In the fourth year of the reign of emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty (1267), after Liaoyang was incorporated into Lintong, Lintong became a county in the north and south, under the jurisdiction of Fengyuan road.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it belonged to Xi'an Prefecture.

In the early years of the Republic of China, it belonged to Guanzhong road. In 1933, Lintong was a county directly under the central government of Shaanxi Province. In 1935, it belonged to Xianyang, the tenth administrative supervision district of Shaanxi Province.

In May 1949, Lintong was liberated and belonged to Weinan military division.

The people's Republic of China was established on October 1, 1949. It was reorganized in 1950. Lintong was under the jurisdiction of Weinan district. In 1956, Lintong was under the jurisdiction of the province. In 1958, the county was under the jurisdiction of Xi'an city. In 1961, Lintong was restored to Weinan district.

Since October 1, 1983, it belongs to Xi'an city.

On June 25, 1997, the State Council approved the abolition of Lintong county and the establishment of Lintong District of Xi'an city. The district government is located in Lishan town.

administrative division

Division evolution

Before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the administrative divisions below county level in Lintong district were Township, pavilion and Li. In the first year of emperor Hongjia's reign (20 BC), Xinfeng opera town was named Changling County. In the Han Dynasty, pavilions were set up in the countryside. In the book of Han Dynasty, the official list of Gongqing states: "ten li, one Pavilion, ten pavilions, one village". In the Han Dynasty, Lintong had Hongmen Pavilion and Xi Pavilion.

After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Li was set up in the countryside. In the Tang Dynasty, 100 households served as Li and five li served as Xiang. “

In the Ming Dynasty, Lintong used to be 55 Li in four townships. "Hongzhi five years, then and for 40 Li.".

According to the records of Lintong County written by Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, Lintong County in Qing Dynasty "has four townships, forty Li, ten Jia per Li, a total of 400 Jia."

In the early period of the Republic of China, the administrative division followed the system of Xiang and Li in Qing Dynasty. In 1934, after the KMT government carried out the system of "Bao" and "Jia", Lintong county changed the original township to "Lian Bao" and set up a "Lian Bao office" to govern. In 1939, the union was carried out again. In 1940, the KMT carried out the reform of the new county system, and the county changed the joint security system into the town security system. The whole county is divided into 17 towns, under which there are 131 baos, 2884 Jias and 1318 villages.

In May 1949, Lintong was liberated, and then the people's power was established. The administrative divisions changed the town, Bao and Jia in the period of the Republic of China into districts, townships and villages. There are 17 districts, 131 townships and 1320 villages in the county.

In 1951, the districts and townships were adjusted, and 17 districts were reorganized into 11 districts with district offices. There are 103 townships under the District, and the township government is set up. Below the township, the natural village is taken as the unit, and the village head is set up for management. There are 1554 villages in the county.

During the period of cooperation from 1956 to 1957, new plans were made for districts and townships. In 1957, the original 11 districts were reduced to 5 districts, and the original 103 townships were reduced to 32 townships. Among them, 5 townships were directly under the county government, and the rest townships belonged to 5 districts. Administrative villages were set up in the countryside as the first level administrative organs.

In 1958, the movement of communization was launched. Six people's communes were formed by Lintong district and township, with 32 administrative districts, 1779 production teams.

At the end of 1961, the "Big Commune" was abolished, and Lintong was divided into four districts with 17 communes under its jurisdiction. Together with 8 communes directly under the county, there are 25 communes. The commune has 290 production teams and 2039 production teams. In 1962, it was divided into six districts. There are 32 communes, 348 production teams and 2537 production teams.

In August 1966, Yanliang town was transferred to Xi'an City, and Tanjia commune moved to Zhenxing village. Lintong

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Xi An Shi Lin Tong Qu