Leye County, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Leye County, known as the "Tiankeng capital of the world", is located in the northwest of Guangxi, at the southeast foot of Yunnan and Guizhou. It is adjacent to Tiane and Fengshan counties of Hechi City in the northeast, Lingyun County in the southeast, Tianlin County in the southwest, and Ceheng, Wangmo and Luodian counties of Guizhou Province across the Hongshui River in the northwest. The county is 160 km away from Longtan Hydropower Station, a national key project, 168 km away from Baise City, 400 km away from Nanning City, the capital of Guangxi Province, and 370 km away from Guiyang City, the capital of Guizhou Province. It is one of the most convenient channels for Chongqing and Guizhou to go to ASEAN countries through Longbang port (national first-class port).

The county now governs 4 towns and 4 townships, with 84 villager committees (communities) and 1084 villager groups, covering a total area of 2617 square kilometers. The area of stone mountain accounts for 30%, and the area of earth mountain accounts for 70%. There are 11 ethnic groups, including Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao, Buyi, Yi, Mulao, Gelao, Jing, Shui and Dong. Among them, 50% are Zhuang, 48% are Han, and 2% are other ethnic minorities.

In March 2019, it was selected into the list of the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization areas and counties. China's top 100 water purification counties and cities in 2020. On November 20, 2020, the people's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region approved to withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

Leye County belongs to Xiang County in Qin Dynasty. In the early Han Dynasty, it belonged to Nanyue. In 112 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent troops to Nanyue. In the winter of the next year, Nanyue was pacified and a new county was set up. The county was located in Yulin County of Jiaozhou and fengqielan County of Yizhou. Most of the county is located in Yelang.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the county belonged to Yulin County of Guangzhou in Wu state (Yizhou Wulian County in Shu state in the East).

Jin Dynasty belongs to Jinxing County of Guangzhou (Wulian County in the East).

Southern Dynasties: in song and Qi dynasties, it belonged to Jinxing County of Guangzhou (Wulian County of ningzhou in the East); in Liang and Chen dynasties, it belonged to Jinxing County of nandingzhou (Maping County of Longzhou in the East).

In Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Yulin Prefecture of Yangzhou (Shi'an Prefecture in the East).

At the beginning of Tang Dynasty, it was located in Shuangcheng state, Jimi, Lingnan road. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), it was under the jurisdiction of Yongguan, Jimi Prefecture and Daoqian Prefecture in the west of Lingnan (Jimi Prefecture in the East, Pojie Township in today's e County, Jimi County in the southwest, Rulai County in Hengshan County of Jimi county).

In the Five Dynasties, it first belonged to Chu, then to Qianzhou, and then to Shu.

In the early Song Dynasty, Lai'an Road, which belonged to Guangnan West Road, was called Hodong. After the fifth year of Huangyou (1053), it belonged to Yongzhou Dudu mansion in Guangnan West Road and hengshanzhai in Youjiang Road (in the East, it belonged to Ezhou Prefecture in Kuizhou Road).

In the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to Sicheng tuzhou, daotianzhou Road, Guangxi (in the East, it belonged to the military and civilian pacification department, nazhou, Dizhou, and Eastern Lanzhou in Qingyuan South danxidong).

In the Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Sicheng tuzhou, the chief political officer of Guangxi, and Chengxian, Qingyuan Prefecture.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Sicheng tuzhou, Guangxi Province. In 1658, Shunzhi was promoted to tufu. In the 18th year of Shunzhi, it was changed into the military and civilian government, belonging to the si'en government. In the fifth year of Yongzheng reign (1727), the government changed tufu to Liuguan. Zhili Youjiang road. Qianlong five years (1740) set Lingyun county (all the jurisdiction of the county), belongs to sichengfu. In the same year, Lingyun set up Tiane sub county (county government office set up pinglatun in Tiane county), and the eastern part of the county was under its jurisdiction. In the ninth year of Qianlong, sichengfu was changed to Zuojiang road. In the 46th year of Qianlong reign, Tiane county government office moved to xiangyangxu, and the eastern part of the county was still under its jurisdiction.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Lingyun county was abolished and directly under Sicheng Prefecture. In the second year of the Republic of China, Sicheng Prefecture was abolished and changed to Lingyun County Office. In the 19th year of the Republic of China, it was renamed Lingyun county government. From the second year of the Republic of China to the 23rd year of the Republic of China, it belongs to tiannandao, Guangxi Province. At that time, Leye was a league district. From the first year of the Republic of China to the 23rd year of the Republic of China, xiangyangwei was the office of Tiane Tanya Committee, the governor team of Lingyun North Road civil corps, the 14th District League Affairs Bureau and the "special district office", and the eastern part of the county was its jurisdiction. In January of the 24th year of the Republic of China, Leye County was set up by the division of Leye League district from Lingyun county. Is the year of Baise administrative supervision area, district governance Baise. In March of the 31 th year of the Republic of China, it was the fifth administrative supervision district of Guangxi and governed Baise.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Leye County was still established at the initial stage. In August 1951, Leye County was abolished and incorporated into Lingyun County, which is called Lingle county. After 1953, it belonged to Baise special region of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. After March 1956, it belongs to the Baise regional working committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Prefecture, and after March 1958, it belongs to the Baise regional Commissioner Office of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. In August 1961, Lingle county was divided into two counties, and Leye County has been restored.

In 1996, Leye County covers an area of 2615 square kilometers and has a population of about 132000. It has jurisdiction over 2 towns and 8 townships: Tongle Town, gantian Town, Wucheng Township, Luosha Township, Xinhua Township, Mazhuang Township, Luoxi Township, Youping Township, Huaping Township and Yachang township. The county government is located in Tongle town.

According to the fifth census in 2000, the total population of Leye County is 144816. Among them, there are 29285 in Tongle Town, 10899 in gantian Town, 11390 in Wucheng Township, 15605 in Luosha Township, 20590 in Xinhua Township, 10872 in Mazhuang Township, 8693 in Luoxi Township, 16110 in Youping Township, 13111 in Huaping Township and 8261 in Yachang township.

On August 19, 2002, the government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region agreed that Xinhua township should be changed into town system, and the original administrative region should remain unchanged (GZH No. 146); Huaping township should be changed into town system, and the original administrative region should remain unchanged (GZH No. 147). After the adjustment, Leye County governs 4 towns and 6 townships: Tongle Town, gantian Town, Xinhua Town, Huaping Town, Wucheng Town, Luosha Town, Mazhuang Town, Luoxi Town, Youping town and Yachang town.

On June 21, 2005, the government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZH 176) agreed to adjust the administrative divisions of some towns in Leye County: Wucheng township was abolished, Banhong village and Baile village were under the jurisdiction of gantian Town, Wucheng village, Yutang village, Dacun village and Longmen Village were under the jurisdiction of Tongle Town, Mazhuang township was abolished, Bianli village was under the jurisdiction of Youping Township, and Mazhuang township was under the jurisdiction of Youping township The seven villages of Ma, Qigeng, Kalun, Dalu, Zhongting, Ping'e and Yuli are under the jurisdiction of Luoxi township.

The county now governs 4 towns and 4 townships: Tongle Town, gantian Town, Xinhua Town, Huaping Town, Luosha Township, Luoxi Township, Youping Township and Yachang township. The county government is located in Tongle town.

On November 20, 2020, the people's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region approved to withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties.

administrative division

In 2000, Leye County had jurisdiction over two towns and eight townships: Tongle Town, gantian Town, Wucheng Township, Luosha Township, Xinhua Township, Mazhuang Township, Luoxi Township, Youping Township, Huaping Township and Yachang township.

In 2003, Huaping Township changed from township to Huaping Town, and Xinhua Township changed from township to Xinhua Town.

In 2005, Wucheng and Mazhuang townships were abolished.

geographical environment

Leye belongs to subtropical humid climate zone, with annual precipitation of 1100-1500 mm, relative humidity of 83%, extreme high temperature of 34 ℃ and extreme low temperature of - 5.3 ℃. Because of its long frost free period, the annual average temperature is about 16.3 ℃, there is no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer.

landforms

The county belongs to the southeast foot of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau. Due to many changes of the ancient crust, undulating strata folds, strong erosion by flowing water, cutting of the surface, high peaks and deep valleys, the landscape of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau formed in Eocene Paleocene of tertiary system has been lost. Although it has evolved, there are still similarities. For example, in the Xinhua (Jiali) Valley, the purple red massive conglomerates accumulated from Eocene to Pliocene have risen to 60-120 meters above the river valley, and the ground uplift range is 200-300 meters. The red conglomerate has been cut through the basement by water flow to the sandstone and shale of the Middle Triassic system. At the same time, the loose deposits of class I-II terraces on both sides of the river are white mud and sand gravel layers.

climate

Leye County belongs to subtropical monsoon climate. The climate in the county is mild, with no severe heat in summer and no severe cold in winter.

The annual average temperature in the county ranged from 16.0 ℃ to 20.9 ℃. From 1964 to 1985, the average temperature was 16.4 ℃, and the highest was 16.9 ℃ in 1980. The lowest temperature was 15.8 ℃ in 1976 and 1984. The average temperature of the hottest month (July) is 23.4 ℃, the average temperature of the coldest month (January) is 7.4 ℃, the annual temperature range is 16.0 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 34.0 ℃ (appeared on May 14, 1983), and the extreme minimum temperature is - 5.3 ℃ (appeared on December 29, 1975).

resources

land resource

According to the agricultural census in 1981, the land of the county is 3.9255 million mu. Among them, the cultivated land area is 150709 mu, accounting for 3.84% of the total area; the forest land area is 2150629 mu, accounting for 54.79% of the total area; the pastoral land area is 96439 mu, accounting for 2.46% of the total area; the other wasteland area is 971412 mu, accounting for 24.74% of the total area; the stone mountain which is difficult to use is 30093 mu, accounting for 7.64% of the total area; the other land types are 256218 mu, accounting for 65.30%.

From 1989 to 1990, the land use of the whole county was investigated in detail, and the land area of the whole county was 3.9295 million mu. The characteristics of land resources: there are many wasteland, which can be developed into cultivated land, woodland or grassland. Some bare rock and gravel land can be closed for afforestation or planting some tree species to develop forestry. The quality of land is medium. Taking cultivated land as an example, the first grade land accounts for 29.35%, the second grade land 26.14%, the third grade land 19.26%, and the fourth grade land 25.25%. From the perspective of soil fertility, 23.44% of the soil organic matter content was more than 3%, 63.55% of the soil organic matter content was 2% - 3%, and 13.0% of the soil organic matter content was less than 2%

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