Kaijiang County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province

Kaijiang County Kaijiang County, subordinate to Dazhou City, Sichuan Province, is located in the east of Sichuan Province, at the south foot of Daba Mountain, connecting Kaizhou district and Wanzhou District of Chongqing in the East, Liangping District of Chongqing in the south, Dachuan District of Sichuan Province in the West and Xuanhan County of Sichuan Province in the north, with a total area of 1032.55 square kilometers. In September 2020, Dazhou Municipal Party committee decided to abolish Kaijiang County and establish Kaijiang District, and report for approval according to the procedure.

Kaijiang was established as a county in 553, the second year of the abolition of the emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty in the southern and Northern Dynasties. It was formerly known as Xinning County. It has a history of more than 1450 years. There are intangible cultural heritages such as Aobang, Yangko, stone work chant, dragon dance, Caiting, stilts, etc., and cultural relics such as fankuai stele in Echeng mountain, Baoshi old County dam, shuangniu mountain, Rende bridge, Baoquan tower, etc. it is a famous cultural County in Bashu. Hu's festival filial piety archway and Renshi pottery archway in Gantang are national key cultural relics, and fire dragon lantern festival in Gantang has become a brand of folk culture in Sichuan and Chongqing. Kaijiang is an old revolutionary base area, which has bred more than 300 revolutionary sons and daughters of heroes such as Xu Yangang, Tang Zaigang and Qin Wen.

As of 2018, Kaijiang County has one street, 11 towns and one Township, with 448000 permanent residents, realizing a GDP of 12.76 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 3.34 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 3.74 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 5.68 billion yuan, the tertiary industrial structure is 26.2:29.3:44.5, and the per capita GDP of the whole county is 28330 yuan. On April 28, 2019, the people's Government of Sichuan Province decided to withdraw Kaijiang County from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

Historical evolution

In 553, Xinning County and Shilong county were set up, belonging to Dongguan county and Kaizhou county.

In 583, Xinning and Shilong were abolished and they entered Shicheng County (later renamed Tongchuan County, now in Tongzhou).

In the second year of Wude (619) of Tang Dynasty, Xinning County was restored to Tongzhou.

In 1371, Xinning County was merged into Liangshan county (now Liangping District of Chongqing city), which was subordinate to Kuizhou Prefecture.

In 1381, Xinning County was restored to Kuizhou.

In 1668, Xinning County was merged into Liangshan county again, which is still the capital of Kuizhou.

In 1729, Xinning County was reestablished and subordinate to Kuizhou capital of Eastern Sichuan.

In 1734 (the 12th year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty), it was transferred to Dazhou, Zhili, East Sichuan Province.

Jiaqing seven years (1802), Zhili Dazhou was promoted to suiding Fu, Fu jurisdiction Xinning.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), suiding Prefecture was abolished and Chuandong Road, Zhili County, Xinning County was established.

In the third year of the Republic of China (August 1914), Xinning County (with the same name as Xinning County in Hunan Province) was renamed Kaijiang County, subordinate to Dongchuan Road.

In 1930, it was directly under the administration of Sichuan Province.

In 1935, it was under the jurisdiction of the 15th administrative supervision district of Sichuan Province (Zhida county).

On December 10, 1949, Kaijiang was liberated and subordinate to Daxian District of northern Sichuan.

In October 1952, it was subordinate to Daxian District of Sichuan Province.

In September 1968, it belonged to Daxian district.

In July 1993, it belongs to Dachuan area.

In December 1999, it was subordinate to Dazhou city.

administrative division

As of 2018, Kaijiang County has one street, 11 towns and one township: Congcheng street, Xinning Town, Pu'an Town, Huilong Town, Yongxing Town, Jiangzhi Town, Gantang Town, Renshi Town, Guangfu Town, Changling Town, BAMIAO Town, Lingyan town and Meijia town. Kaijiang County People's government is located at 9 Congcheng street.

geographical environment

Location context

Kaijiang County is located in the northeast of Sichuan Basin and the south foot of Daba Mountain. Kaizhou District in the East, Liangping District in the south, Dachuan District in the West and Xuanhan County in the north. The geographical coordinates are between 107 ° 41 ′ 46 ″ - 108 ° 05 ′ 16 ″ E and 30 ° 47 ′ 41 ″ - 31 ° 15 ′ 39 ″ n. the county is 37.5 km wide from east to west and 51.63 km long from north to south, with a total area of 1032.55 square kilometers.

geological structure

Kaijiang County is located in Huayingshan uplift fold belt and Dianjiang depression fold belt of Xinhua Xia structure. The geological structure in the area is mainly NE-SW structure, and the main structural features are folds and faults.

（1） Fold

In Kaijiang County, there are seven folds in turn from north to south.

（2） Fault

There are three main faults in Kaijiang County, most of which are distributed in the bedrock mountain area in the north and west of the county, and there are no faults in the South and middle of the county.

topographic features

The landform in Kaijiang County belongs to the landform area of fold erosion low mountains, hills and valleys in East Sichuan, and the hilly system of Daba Mountains extending to the south. It is dominated by ascending denudation low mountains and hills. The anticline is mountainous, compact and narrow, the syncline is hilly, gentle and open, and there are highland flat dams between them. It is higher in the north, middle and East, and lower in the west, with an average altitude of 600 meters. The lowest point is houcaokou in BAMIAO Township, with an altitude of 272 meters. The highest point is wutongyan in Lingyan Township, with an altitude of 1375.7 meters. The county belongs to the parallel range valley area in East Sichuan, which is a uplift zone, slightly higher than the adjacent county, and the terrain inclines from northeast to southwest. QILIXIA anticline range and NANMENCHANG anticline range surround the north and south, mingyuexia anticline range traverses the middle, dividing the territory into front and back, forming a terrain of three low mountains and two hills. According to the genesis and morphological characteristics, the landforms in the survey area can be divided into four types: mountain plain, hill, low mountain and low middle mountain.

1. Mountain plain

It is mainly distributed in the dam areas of BAMIAO River (formerly named Kaijiang, Kaijiang County is named for water), Baiyan River (formerly named Nanjiang), Renshi River and Xinning River (formerly named jiaoshuigou), such as changtianba, tianxingba, Yangjiaba, guanyinzhaiba, tangfangba, baotaba, huangchengba, Jinjiaba, heichiba, xinqiaoba, Yangjiaba, niujiaba, shuicheba and heyeba Longjingba, jiankouba are denudation and accumulation landforms, with a total area of 258.5 square kilometers, accounting for 25.03% of the total area. The altitude is generally 400-500 meters, the relative height difference is less than 20 meters, and the slope is less than 7 degrees.

2. Hills

For tectonic denudation hilly terrain, it can be divided into shallow hill, medium hill and deep hill. Among them, the shallow hills are mainly distributed between the wing and axis of Pu'an and Renshi synclines, with an altitude of 450-600 meters and a relative elevation difference of 20-100 meters. Most of them are isolated round gentle hills, with an area of 181.91 square kilometers, accounting for 17.62% of the county's land area. The middle hills are mainly distributed in the wing of mingyuexia anticline and Renshi syncline, including zhujiaping, Zhongshan Ping and huangmaoping The altitude is 500-650 meters, and the platform slope is 20-100 meters. The landform is zhubeiling square mountain and middle hill, which is mostly in the form of wide valley and gentle slope with circuitous ups and downs. The area is 51.08 square kilometers, accounting for 4.95% of the total land area of the county. Deep hills are mainly distributed in the upper wing of Pu'an and Renshi synclines and the eastern section of mingyuexia anticline, including wanhualing, jigongliang, hujialing, luoshancao, Guanyinyan, Changping and Baoshi reservoir areas, with an altitude of 500m-800m and a relative elevation difference of 100m-200m. Most of them are deep cut terrace like hills with wide flat mesa and deep narrow valley ridge like hills, most of which are more than 1 square kilometer It covers 93.21 square kilometers, accounting for 9.03% of the total land area of the county.

3. Low mountain

It is mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts of QILIXIA and NANMENCHANG anticlines and mingyuexia anticline. In the southeast and southwest, there are one-sided ridge like low mountains, which are characterized by one-sided ridge terrain and few valleys; in the north and West, there are long span like low mountains, which are characterized by regular long span terrain. Vertically, it is zigzag ridge with tight folds. It is a deep flat low mountain with a distribution area of 391.87 square kilometers, accounting for 37.95% of the total area. The altitude is generally 600-1000 meters, and the relative height difference is no less than 20 meters.

4. Low and middle mountain

It is an erosional structure with low and middle mountain terrain, mainly distributed in QILIXIA, mingyuexia and NANMENCHANG anticline axis, with an altitude of more than 1000m and a relative elevation difference of more than 200m. Most of them are the main ridge line of strip-shaped Changling, which is straight and continuous, with a distribution area of 56.08 square kilometers, accounting for 5.42% of the total area. It is the main distribution area of forest, mineral and tea.

Climatic characteristics

Kaijiang County is located in the middle subtropical humid climate zone of Sichuan Basin, with an average annual temperature of 17.2 ℃ and a minimum temperature of 16.1 ℃; the monthly average temperature is 27.1 ℃ in July and 5.4 ℃ in January; the annual extreme maximum temperature is 39.8 ℃ and the minimum temperature is - 5.5 ℃; the accumulated temperature ≥ 0 ℃ is 6101.4 ℃ and the accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ is 5226.2 ℃. The annual average precipitation is 1259.4 mm, the maximum annual precipitation is 1607.9 mm, and the minimum annual precipitation is 935.8 mm. 70% of the rainfall is concentrated in May to September; the regional distribution of rainfall is decreasing from northeast to southwest, that is, Meijia, Shaba, Baoshi and Jiangzhi in Northeast have more rainfall; BAMIAO, Changling and Guangfu take the second place, about 1250mm; Tianshi, Qilong, Pu'an, Yongxing, Jing'an, Renshi, Xinjie and southwest have less rainfall, 1200 mm. The annual average sunshine is 1386.6 hours, accounting for 31% of the total sunshine hours, and the frost free period is 282.6 days. The annual total radiation is 91.71 kcal / cm2 and the physiological radiation is 46.69 kcal / cm2. It has four distinct seasons, mild climate, less frost and snow in winter, rapid temperature rise in spring, abundant rainfall in summer and slow cooling in autumn.

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Da Zhou Shi Kai Jiang Xian