Pingquan City, Chengde City, Hebei Province

Pingquan Pingquan City, under the jurisdiction of Chengde City, Hebei Province, is directly under the central government of Hebei Province and managed by Chengde city. Located in the northeast of Hebei Province, it is the junction of Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Hebei provinces. It borders Lingyuan City of Liaoning Province in the East, Ningcheng County of Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north, Chengde County in the West and Kuancheng County in the south. It is between 118 ° 21 ′ 03 ″ - 119 ° 15 ′ 34 ″ E and 40 ° 24 ′ 0 ″ - 40 ° 40 ′ 17 ″ n, covering a total area of 3297 square kilometers. As of 2018, Pingquan city has 15 towns and 4 townships.

Pingquan city is one of the birthplaces of Hongshan culture. The ancient classics such as "Lao Ma Zhi Tu", "Wang Mei Zhi Ke" are all from Pingquan. Known as the "thoroughfare of liaomeng, Yanzhao lintel," said. In history, Pingquan is located in the transitional zone between grassland desert and farming area. The Qidan nationality, which has dominated northern China for more than 200 years, has emerged here. There are more than 160 ancient sites and tombs, including the tomb of Princess Liao Dachang, the tomb of Dou Jingyong, Huizhou City and so on. There are 18000 cultural relics in Pingquan's collection, of which 446 are above grade III, and the Liao and Jin cultural relics account for 70% Well, in the north, there is Pingquan, the essence of Liao and Jin cultural relics.

In 2016, the GDP of Pingquan city was 1667945 million yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 329711 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 707773 million yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry was 6.30461 billion yuan, and the proportion of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries was 19.77:42.43:37.80.

On September 29, 2018, the Hebei provincial government issued a notice officially approving Pingquan city to withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties. In 2019, it was listed as the second batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties. In September 2020, it will be included in the list of food industry strong counties (cities, districts) (cultivation type) in Hebei Province.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Pingquan used to be called "BAGOU" in history, which means "Ha Da who can't be defeated" and "BAGOU who can't be filled." Pingquan "got its name because of the praise of" holy Pingquan "by Kangxi in Qing Dynasty.

History of construction

In the Paleolithic age, there was human reproduction in Pingquan.

In the Shang Dynasty, it was earthwork, and in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the activity area of Guifang tribe.

The spring and Autumn period is the territory of Shanrong and Donghu.

During the Warring States period, the state of Yan was defeated by Donghu, and the Great Wall was built in the north. Pingquan was the territory of Beiping County on the right side of Yan.

In the Qin Dynasty, Pingquan still belonged to youbeiping county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, in 195 B.C., the county was set up under the county, and Pingquan belonged to youbeiping county.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, youbeiping county was moved to Tuyin (Yinchengpu, Tangshan City). It belonged to Wuhuan County in the west of Liaoning Province and lived in the marginal counties of sainei. During the reign of emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, Pingquan was the territory of Yuwen family, an adult in the east of Xianbei.

In the second year of Jianyuan (344) of Jin Dynasty, Murong of Xianbei family destroyed the Culture Department of Yu, and Pingquan belonged to Qianyan.

In the fifth year of Taihe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (370), Qianyan was destroyed by the former Qin Dynasty, and the county was under the jurisdiction of Youzhou in the former Qin Dynasty. In the ninth year of Taiyuan (384) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, murongchui, the Xianbei family, restored the state and built Houyan. Pingquan belonged to Pingzhou of Houyan. Soon it was changed to Yingzhou, and its ownership remained unchanged. Yixi five years (409 years), after the death of Yan, part of the eastern Xianbei branch Kumoxi into Pingquan city. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Pingquan city was divided into Jiyang County, Pinggang County, weizhiying Prefecture, Yangwu County, Jiande county and Kumoxi Prefecture.

In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was located in Jiyang County and Jiande county. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, it was the secession area of gaobaoning, the governor of Yingzhou.

In the Sui Dynasty, part of the county is Liucheng County in Liaoxi County, and the rest is Xi county.

In the Tang Dynasty, in the 22nd year of Zhenguan (648), Rao Ledu Dufu was set up in Xidi, which belonged to the county. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (723), the whole country was divided into 15 roads, and the county belonged to Hebei road.

In the Five Dynasties, Xi and Qidan lived in the county.

In the 25th year of Liao Tong he (1007), Zhongjing was built. Pingquan city belongs to Dading Prefecture, Jingdao, Liaozhong. Shenshan county is located in the south, Guihua County in the north and Hezhong County in the northeast.

In the first year of Zhengyuan (1153), Zhongjing Road was changed to Beijing Road, and now the county belongs to Dading mansion of Beijing road. Shenshan County in the South and Hezhong County in the north.

In Yuan Dynasty, Beijing road was changed to Daning road in 1270, and then to Wuping road in 1288. In 1292, Wuping road was changed to Daning Road, and Pingquan was Huizhou.

In the Ming Dynasty, in the 13th year of Hongwu (1380), Daning road was changed into Daning mansion, which was later abolished. In September 1387, the commander of daningdu was set up, and soon it was changed to the commander of the North parallel capital, which had jurisdiction over ten guards. Pingquan was subordinate to Fuyu guard in the north, Huizhou guard in the South and xifengkou in the south. In March of the first year of Yongle (1403), the command department of beibiandu was changed into the command department of daningdu, and the headquarters was moved from Daning to Baoding. The former ningwang fief, granted wulianghai three, the county belongs to duoyanweiyou pasture. At the end of Ming Dynasty, duoyanwei was renamed as harqin, and the county was a nomadic land of harqin. In the second year of Chongzhen period (1629), Su Budi, a member of the Kalaqin tribe, led his troops to the post Jin Dynasty. In the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634) and the eighth year of Tiancong of later Jin Dynasty, Huang Taiji demarcated the pastures of various Mongolian tribes, and the pastures of Kalaqin were fixed. In the ninth year of Tiancong in the later Jin Dynasty, it was divided into two banners: the left and right wing banners, which belonged to zhuosootu League.

In 1705, the 44th year of Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty, part of the territory of the right wing banner of harqin was designated to build the Middle Banner of harqin. Yongzheng seven years (1729) in October, set up BAGOU hall, hall governance BAGOU (now Pingquan city). In 1774, the two banners of Balin and Wengniute in BAGOU hall were set up as Wulanhada hall. Qianlong 43 years (1778), jiangbagou hall for Ping Quanzhou, under the Chengde house. In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), ten townships in the northeast of the state were divided, and Jianping County was set up together with Jianchang County.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Quanzhou was changed into Pingquan County, which was subordinate to Bohai Road in Zhili Province. The county followed the territory of the state in the 29th year of Guangxu. In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), Rehe river was set up in Pingquan County. In 1928, Rehe special area was transformed into Rehe Province, which belongs to Pingquan County. In July 1937, Pingquan County was merged into Ningcheng county. In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), the banner and county were unified, known as the karaqin Middle Banner.

In May 1948, Pingquan County was liberated and restored in Rehe province.

In January 1956, Rehe province was abolished, and Pingquan County was under the jurisdiction of Chengde District of Hebei Province.

Since July 1993, Pingquan city has been subordinate to Chengde City, Hebei Province.

On April 10, 2017, with the approval of the State Council, it was agreed to abolish Pingquan County and establish Pingquan city at the county level. The former administrative region of Pingquan County is the administrative region of Pingquan City, and Pingquan Municipal People's government is located at No. 17, Fuqian street, Pingquan town. Pingquan city is directly under the central government of Hebei Province and managed by Chengde city.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1956, it was established in Wazidian township. In 1961, it was changed into commune. In 1982, it was changed into shatuozi commune. In 1984, it was changed into shatuozi township.

In 2000, Pingquan County had 7 towns: Pingquan Town, YangShuling Town, Yushulinzi Town, Huangtuliangzi Town, dangba Town, qigou Town, Xiaosigou Town, 5 townships: Songshutai Township, shatuozi Township, Daohugou Township, taitoushan Township, wangtufang Township, 8 ethnic townships: qijiadai Manchu Township, nan50jiazi Manchu Township, Menghe Wusu Mongolian Township, guozhangzi Manchu Township, Maolan township There are three Manchu townships: gouman Mongolian Township, Pingfang Manchu Mongolian Township, xuzhangzi Manchu Township and Liuxi Manchu Township.

In December 2004, with the approval of the Department of civil affairs of Hebei Province, shatuozi township was abolished and Wolong Town was established, which was officially established on August 24, 2005; xuzhangzi Manchu Township was approved to be abolished and merged into YangShuling town.

In August 2005, with the approval of the Department of civil affairs of Hebei Province, nan50jiazi Mongolian Manchu Township was renamed as nan50jiazi town.

In May 2010, with the approval of the Department of civil affairs of Hebei Province, Jianbei 50jiazi town of Mongolian and Wusu townships was cancelled.

In December 2013, with the approval of the Department of civil affairs of Hebei Province, guozhangzi Manchu Township was abolished and luoluoshu town was established.

In April 2014, with the approval of the Department of civil affairs of Hebei Province, Liuxi Manchu Township was renamed Liuxi town.

Zoning details

As of 2018, Pingquan city has 15 towns and 4 townships. Pingquan Municipal People's government is located at 17 Fuqian street, Pingquan town.

geographical environment

Location context

Pingquan city is located in the northeast of Hebei Province, at the junction of Hebei Province, Liaoning Province and Mongolia Province. It is adjacent to Lingyuan City in Liaoning Province in the East, Chengde County in the west, Kuancheng County in the South and Ningcheng County in Inner Mongolia in the north. It is between 40 ° 24 ′ 0 ″ - 40 ° 40 ′ 17 ″ N and 118 ° 21 ′ 03 ″ - 119 ° 15 ′ 34 ″ e. it is 77.4 km long from north to South and 74 km wide from east to west, with a total area of 3297 square kilometers and an altitude of 500 meters.

topographic features

Pingquan city is located in the hilly area of Yanshan Mountain in the north of Hebei Province. Among the undulating mountains are valleys and basins of different shapes and sizes. The Mesozoic Yanshanian movement established the geomorphic pattern of this area, and the Cenozoic Himalayan movement formed the modern geomorphic form, which is a mountainous city with "seven mountains, one water and two fields".

Climatic characteristics

Pingquan city is a continental monsoon climate, affected by topography, latitude and other factors, with the following characteristics: four distinct seasons. In spring, the wind is strong and dry, and the warming is fast. In summer, it is warm and rainy with concentrated rainfall. The temperature is the highest in July. In autumn, the rainfall drops sharply, the air is fresh and pleasant, the sky is high and the clouds are light. In winter, northwest wind often blows, precipitation is scarce, cold and dry.

The rainfall is concentrated and hot in the same season. The annual average precipitation is 540.1 mm, the interannual variation of precipitation is relatively large, and the precipitation in summer is relatively high

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Cheng De Shi Ping Quan Shi