Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Wuchang District, Wuchang District, belongs to Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It is located in the southeast of Wuhan City, on the South Bank of the Yangtze River, across the river from Hanyang and Hankou, to yujiatou in the north, to luojiagang and Qingshan District in the north, to Hongshan District in the southeast, to the Yangtze River in the West and to Donghu Lake in the East. It is one of the central urban areas, the core component of Wuchang, and the seat of Hubei provincial Party committee and government. It is between 114 ° 14 ′ - 114 ° 30 ′ E and 30 ° 32 ′ - 30 ° 37 ′ n, with a total area of 107.76 square kilometers.

Wuchang District was first built in 223, the second year of Huangwu in the east Wu Dynasty. It is generally high in the middle of the district and gradually decreases from north to south. It is gently inclined to the Yangtze River in the West and to the lake in the East. It is dominated by undulating terrain alternating hills and plains. It has a subtropical monsoon climate.

In 2018, Wuchang District governs 15 streets with a permanent resident population of 1.2637 million, realizing a GDP of 129.008 billion yuan, of which the added value of the secondary industry is 17.691 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 111.317 billion yuan, and the contribution rate of the secondary and tertiary industries to GDP growth is 9.8% and 90.2% respectively.

There are many kinds of historical relics in Wuchang District, including more than 100 material relics such as uprising gate, Red Mansion, fangyingtai, shadowless tower, and 38 cultural relics protection units. In 1911, the first shot of the revolution of 1911 was fired in Wuchang, which was also famous for the incident.

Historical evolution

5900-5100 years ago. Yu led Kyushu, and today Wuchang belongs to Jingzhou, one of the Kyushu.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Wuchang now belongs to the Eastern Hubei Province.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Wuchang was called Xia. It belonged to Chu and had a marquis named Xia.

Qin set up 36 counties.

In the Han Dynasty, the county was the center of the three Chu states. Today, Wuchang belongs to the southern Chu state. In the sixth year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (201 BC), Jiangxia county was separated from Nanjun, which was subordinate to Jingzhou and had jurisdiction over Shaxian County.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Sun Quan moved the political center of the eastern Wu Dynasty to Hubei (now Ezhou City), implying the meaning of "prosperity by force", and changed the name of Hubei to "Wuchang". In 223, Sun Quan built an earth stone city in Jiangxia mountain (Sheshan). It was two or three li away from the Han River in Zhouhui, which is called Xiakou city. There is a governor of Xiakou, subordinate to Shaxian County, Jiangxia county. It is a military town in the upper reaches of Wuchang (today's Ezhou City), the capital city of the eastern Wu Dynasty, and the seat of Jiangxia county. Today's Wuchang is known as Xiakou and Jiangxia.

In the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (280), Jiangxia county was changed into Wuchang County, which was subordinate to Jingzhou and governed Shaxian County. Shaxian County was transferred from Tukou (now Jinkou) to Xiakou City, which was the administrative center of the county.

During the reign of emperor an of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405-418), a large number of residents from Runan, Henan Province, flowed into Xiakou, where Runan County was still the seat of Jiangxia county.

During the southern and Northern Dynasties, Yingzhou was set up in the Southern Song Dynasty, and on the basis of Xiakou City, the city wall was repaired and expanded. This is the oldest Yingzhou City Wall Site preserved in Wuhan today. Yingzhou is subordinate to Jiangxia county. The county, prefecture and county administration are all located in Xiakou. From then on, Xiakou has been known as "Yingcheng". In Qi, Liang and Chen dynasties, Yingzhou was the seat of Jiangxia county and Yingzhou.

In 589, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty unified China, changing Runan County to Jiangxia County, Yingzhou to Ezhou, and setting Jiangxia county. The county, prefecture and county were all located in Jiangxia. Today, Wuchang is also known as Ezhou.

In 621, the fourth year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty, Jiangxia county was abolished and Jiangxia county and Ezhou were ruled by Jiangxia county. Taizong of Tang Dynasty divided the whole country into ten roads and Jiangxia into Jiangnan Road. In the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (713-741), Jiangxia was assigned to Jiangnan Xidao. In the middle of Tang Dynasty, Ezhou (today's Wuchang) was the transportation center of tribute and Fu, with Wuchang military envoys. Niusengru, the prime minister, was the governor of Ezhou and the governor of Wuchang army. He expanded the Jiangxia earthen city into a brick wall, and the area became known as Wuchang from then on.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Jiangxia belonged to Jinghu North Road, which was the seat of Ezhou. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the military center of Jinghu North Road was moved from Jiangling to Ezhou, where song General Yue Fei once guarded.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Huguang province was set up, Ezhou Road (later changed to Wuchang Road) was set up, and seven counties were under its jurisdiction. Jiangxia was the administrative center of Huguang Province, Wuchang road and Jiangxia county. Since then, Wuchang has been officially named in the Jiangnan part of today's Wuhan City, including the district.

In Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang conquered Wuchang and set up Huguang xingzhongshu province. In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), Zhongshu province was abolished, and the "three divisions" yamen were set up, such as huguangcheng political envoy department, Tixing chancha envoy department and Duzhi envoy department. The Yamen were all located in Wuchang. In 1438, the governor of Huguang was set up, and then the governor of Huguang and other provincial military affairs and local chief officers were set up. Most of the governors, governors and chief officers were stationed in Wuchang. Wuchang road was changed into Wuchang Prefecture, which governed 9 counties and 1 Prefecture of Jiangxia and Wuchang (now Ezhou City). Jiangxia county is attached to Wuchang Prefecture. At this time, there are many Yamen in Wuchang City, including governor yamen higher than the provincial level, Sansi yamen at the provincial level, Wuchang prefecture level and Jiangxia county-level government offices, so it is called "Huguang Huicheng".

In 1664, the governor of Huguang was divided into Hunan and Hubei. Wuchang City is still a gathering place for all levels of Yamen. From the Three Kingdoms to the Qing Dynasty, the city walls of Wuchang continued to expand, and the region also expanded correspondingly. However, it was always under the jurisdiction of Jiangxia County, which was often called Jiangxia.

On October 10th of the third year of Xuantong (1911), the revolution of 1911 in Wuchang succeeded and overthrew the rule of Qing Dynasty in Hubei. The revolutionaries abolished the monarchy and prospered the Republic. They announced the establishment of the "Hubei governor's office of the military government of the Republic of China", which was located in the former seat of the Hubei Provincial Advisory Bureau of the Qing Dynasty (Yuemachang Red Mansion). It is the rudiment of the first Republican local government in Chinese history.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the military government abolished Wuchang Prefecture and changed Jiangxia county to Wuchang County; the former Wuchang (now Ezhou City) was changed to shouchang, and the next year it was changed to Echeng.

In October 1926, the national revolutionary army conquered Wuchang City ruled by the northern warlords, changed Wuchang County into Wuchang City, and established Wuchang municipal government.

In January 1927, the Nationalist government, who moved from Guangzhou to Wuhan, designated Hankou, Wuchang and Hanyang as Jingzhao district and named them "Wuhan". However, the municipal organs of the three towns were still divided into three parts. Wuchang had a city hall and was still called Wuchang City. In mid April of the same year, Hubei provincial government and Wuhan municipal government were established successively, and the three towns of Wuhan were formally unified into one city in terms of administrative division.

In June 1929, Wuchang and Hankou (including Hanyang) were divided, and Wuchang was the capital of Hubei Province.

In 1931, Wuchang municipal preparatory office was established.

In 1935, Wuchang municipal office was established.

In 1937, the Hubei provincial government decided to divide the urban and rural areas of Wuchang County, and set up the Wuchang municipal government, which is directly under the jurisdiction of the Hubei provincial government. It is a municipality directly under the central government, with a municipal preparatory office and also in charge of Hanyang city.

In October 1938, the Japanese invaders occupied Wuhan. The following year, the Wang puppet regime established the Wuhan special municipal government. Wuchang was under the jurisdiction of the puppet Wuhan municipal government and set up an office (later renamed Wuchang Office). In 1941, Wuchang was put under the jurisdiction of the puppet Hubei provincial government and a municipal Preparatory Committee was established.

After the surrender of Japan in 1945, the Hubei provincial government "returned Wuchang to Enshi" and divided Wuhan into two cities: Hankou and Wuchang. Wuchang was the provincial capital city and governed Wuchang and Hanyang town until the liberation of Wuhan.

On May 17, 1949, Wuchang was liberated. In June, the Wuhan Municipal People's government established the Wuchang office and sent a working group to take over the eight district offices of the old regime of Wuchang, and divided them into four urban areas and three suburbs. After the liberation, Wuchang has always been the seat of the CPC Hubei Provincial Committee and the provincial people's government.

In July 1950, the Municipal People's government adjusted the division, and Wuchang was the first district, but it still used the name of Wuchang office.

In August 1952, the Municipal People's government adjusted the division again, changed the name of the first district to Wuchang District, and formally established Wuchang District People's government.

In January 1955, Wuchang District held the second session of the first people's Congress and elected the people's Committee of Wuchang District.

In 1959, the District People's Committee was renamed Wuchang people's commune, with two urban branches and three suburban branches.

In 1961, the establishment of Wuchang people's commune was abolished and Wuchang District People's Committee was restored. In the "Cultural Revolution", the former party and government organizations in Wuchang District were forced to be paralyzed.

In March 1967, the front-line headquarters of Wuchang District for revolution and production promotion was established to exercise the power to lead the work of the whole region.

In September 1968, the Wuchang District Revolutionary Committee was established to replace the leading organs of the party and government.

In February 1980, the second session of the Sixth People's Congress of Wuchang District was held, which approved the abolition of the Wuchang District Revolutionary Committee and elected the Standing Committee of the District People's Congress and the District People's government.

administrative division

As of 2018, Wuchang District has 15 streets. The people's Government of Wuchang district is located at 307 Zhongshan Road.

geographical environment

Location context

Wuchang district is located in the southeast of Wuhan City, Hubei Province, across the river from Hanyang District, Jianghan District and Jiangan District, adjacent to Qingshan District in the north, hongzhishan Township and Qingling Township in the East and south, and the Yangtze River in the West. The total area is 107.76 square kilometers, including land area of 60.96 square kilometers, Yangtze River water area of 10.7 square kilometers, East Lake water area of 32.8 square kilometers and Shahu water area of 3.3 square kilometers. The center is at 3 n

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