Jun County, Hebi City, Henan Province

Junxian County, which is subordinate to Hebi City, Henan Province, is a famous historical and cultural city in China and a hometown of Chinese folk culture and art. Xunxian county is located in the northern part of Henan Province, in the transition zone between Taihang Mountain and North China Plain. It has a warm temperate semi humid monsoon climate and governs six towns, one Township, four streets, with 710000 people (2015). The county covers an area of 966 square kilometers, with 1.076 million mu of arable land. It has the reputation of "liyangshou, gujiuzhou".

As a millennium old city, there are many places of interest in Xunxian county. The xunxian section of Dayun River and liyangcang site in xunxian ancient city are listed in the world cultural heritage. Xunxian Giant Buddha is "the earliest in China and the largest in the north" large-scale cliff statue. Nigugu in Xunxian county was listed in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage list by the Chinese government.

On January 9, 2019, Junxian Shehuo was selected into the list of "hometown of Chinese folk culture and art" from 2018 to 2020.

Historical evolution

In the late matriarchal period (about 6000 BC), the ancestors settled and multiplied in the east of the lower reaches of the Qi river. Yangshao cultural relics were found in today's dalaidian, Liuzhai, qiangongtang, beizhifang, weilizhuang, qiancaodian and other places.

During the patriarchal clan period (about 4000 BC), the ancestors developed the fertile soil on the East and west sides of huolonggang and engaged in primitive agriculture and animal husbandry. The remains of Longshan culture have been found in jinjitun, dabajiao, xiaoaizhuang, zhongerzhang, Danian and Liangmatai.

In the Xia Dynasty, Jun was located at the intersection of Jizhou, Yanzhou and Yuzhou.

It was called Li in the Shang Dynasty.

In the spring and Autumn period, there were Qiancheng, Yongyu and dunqiu, which belonged to Jin and Wei.

During the reign of emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (206-195 BC), Liyang county and dunqiu county were established.

In 266, Liyang county was changed to Wei county.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, jundi belonged to Jin, Hou Zhao, ran Wei, Qian Yan, Qian Qin, Zhai Wei and Hou Yan. Yonghe seven years (351), set Liyang County, Liyang County jurisdiction. From the 14th year to the 21st year (389-396) of the Taiyuan Dynasty, Liyang county was abolished and belonged to Jijun county.

During the period of Xiaochang (525-528) in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Liyang county was set up in Jijun County, and Liyang county and dunqiu county were under its jurisdiction. In the first year of Yong'an (528), Liyang county was divided into Dongli County, which belongs to Liyang county. From the first year of Tianping in the Eastern Wei Dynasty to the eighth year of Wuding (534-550), Li Zhou was established and Liyang county was under its jurisdiction. From the first year of Tianbao to the first year of Chengguang in the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577), Lizhou was abolished, and Liyang County belonged to Sizhou. In the first year of xuanzheng in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (578), Lizhou was restored and Liyang county was under its jurisdiction.

In the third year of kaihuang (583), both Lizhou and Liyang county were destroyed, and Liyang County belonged to Weizhou. Sixteen years (596), home Lizhou, Liyang County jurisdiction, Linhe county.

In the second year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (619), it set up the general manager's office of Lizhou, which governed the four states of Yin, Wei, Chan and Huan, and led the eight counties of Liyang, Linhe, Neihuang, Tangyin, dunqiu, Guancheng, Fanyang and Chanshui. In the sixth year, the governor of Lizhou was dismissed and the governor of Lizhou was appointed. Zhenguan first year (627 years), set up road, Lizhou River North Road, jurisdiction Liyang, Linhe, Chanshui, Neihuang four counties. In 643, Lizhou was abolished, and Liyang County belonged to Weizhou. 

In 937, Liyang county was changed to Huazhou.

In the fourth year of song Yongxi (987), Liyang county was changed to daochanzhou, Hebei Province. In the first year of Duangong (988), Tongli army was set up in Liyang, and Liyang county was under its jurisdiction. In 1086, Tongli army was restored. In the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115), the army was promoted to Junzhou, which was named Junchuan army and Pingchuan army. Xuanhe two years (1120), Tangyin county is Junzhou.

In 1129, Hebei road was divided into East and West roads, and Junzhou belonged to Hebei West Road. In 1148, Junzhou was changed into Tongzhou. In 1151, it was renamed Junzhou.

In the early Yuan Dynasty, there was a provincial road, and Junzhou was a Zhending road in Zhongshu province. In the second year of Zhiyuan (1265), it was changed to Daming Road in Zhongshu province.

In the first year of Hongwu (1368) of Ming Dynasty, Lu was changed into Fu, and Junzhou belonged to Daming Fu of Zhongshu province. In October, it was transferred to Daming Prefecture of Henan Province. In March of 2002, it was transferred to Daming Prefecture of Zhili (capital). In April, the state was reduced to a county, which was called xunxian. In the first year of Yongle (1403), it was changed to beizhili Daming mansion.

In 1644, Junxian County belonged to Daming Prefecture of Zhili Province. In the third year of Yongzheng (1725), it was transferred to Weihui Prefecture of Henan Province.

In March of 1913, Junxian county was located in Hebei road of Henan Province. In 1927, Xunxian county was the third administrative office of Henan Province. In July 1938, the Henan provincial government of the Kuomintang redrawn the administrative region, and Jun county was the 13th Administrative Office (located in Pingluo Town, Huixian county).

On March 27, 1938, the Japanese aggressors mobilized more than 1000 cavalry and infantry to invade Juncheng County under the cover of aircraft and artillery. Shi Mingchen (Chen), the head of xunxian County of the Kuomintang, was determined to stick to the city wall. He ordered a battalion to defend Dagushan and the East and north gates of the city. The local team and the young men who signed up to defend the city voluntarily defended Fuqiu mountain and the south gate. The army and the people of xunxian County shared a common enemy and fought back many Japanese attacks. When they attacked Huaxian county and Daokou Town, the Japanese troops, who did not meet resistance, were all transferred to attack Jun county. Finally, because of the great disparity between the enemy and us, the city wall was broken by the enemy late at night on March 28, and the Japanese army broke into the city from the northeast corner of the city. At dawn on March 29, in just two hours, more than 4500 innocent people were slaughtered, about 300 people were burned, more than 500 women were raped, and 1000 houses were burned. The massacre is one of the eight major massacres with more than 3000 people in China during the Japanese War of aggression against China, namely, Nanjing Massacre, changjiao massacre in Nanxian County, Hunan Province, Ningwu massacre in Shanxi Province, bloody washing of xunxian County, Henan Province, Shuocheng massacre in Shanxi Province, killing of migrant workers in Jinxiang, Shandong Province, Linyi massacre, and bloody washing of Huiyang, Guangdong Province. In February 1939, the Japanese puppet government of Xunxian county was established, belonging to Yubei Road (Daoyin office in Xinxiang) in Henan Province. The Communist Party of China led the people to establish the Hebei Shandong Henan Anti Japanese base and carry out the national revolutionary war. In the autumn of 1940, Xunxian Anti Japanese democratic government was established, belonging to the administrative office of Hebei Shandong Henan border region. In June 1941, the Henan provincial government of the Kuomintang abolished the thirteenth line office, and the Xunxian county government of the Kuomintang was transferred to the third line Office (stationed in Anyang). On September 19, 1945, Junxian county was liberated for the first time and a democratic government was established. In May 1947, Junxian county was liberated for the second time. In July 1947, the xunxian government of the Kuomintang was transferred to the fourth administration until the founding of the people's Republic of China.

In May 1949, Junxian county was liberated. In the middle of October 1949, the democratic government of Xunxian county was changed into the people's Government of xunxian County, which was subordinate to Anyang administrative office of Pingyuan province. In October 1952, Pingyuan province was abolished and Junxian county was transferred to Anyang administrative office of Henan Province. In November 1957, Anyang administrative office was merged into Xinxiang administrative office, and Xunxian county was changed into a subordinate one. In December 1962, Anyang administrative office was restored, and Junxian county was restored to Anyang administrative office. In October 1983, the administrative office of Anyang was abolished and Jun county was transferred to Anyang City. On January 8, 1986, Jun county was under the jurisdiction of Hebi City from Anyang City.

On June 15, 2020, with the approval of the people's Government of Henan Province, it was agreed that Baisi township should be abolished in xunxian County, and Baisi town should be established. The system of town governing village should be implemented, and the administrative regions and government residences under its jurisdiction will remain unchanged.

administrative division

By 2018, Xunxian county has four streets, six towns and one township: Weixi street, Junzhou street, Liyang street, Gushan street, Shantang Town, Tunzi Town, Xinzhen Town, Xiaohe Town, Weixian Town, Wangzhuang Town, Baisi Town, 452 administrative villages and 12 neighborhood committees. County Government in Junzhou street.

geographical environment

position

Xunxian is located in the north of Henan Province, 114 ° 11 E and 35 ° 54 n. It is 548 km away from Beijing in the north and 165 km away from Zhengzhou in the south. Weihe river meanders through the whole territory, and Qihe river flows southward along the western border. It is located in the center of radiation belt of Anyang, Puyang, Xinxiang, Hebi and other cities.

topographic features

Xunxian county is located in the transitional zone between Taihang Mountain and North China Plain. Its landform is characterized by 6 mountains, 3 rivers and 32 slopes. The plain area accounts for 82% and the hilly area 18%. The terrain is slightly higher in the middle, gentle in the West and East, with the highest altitude of 231.8 meters.

climate

Junxian has a warm temperate semi humid monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 13.7 ℃.

hydrology

The total length of rivers in Xunxian county is 435.5 km, belonging to the Yellow River and Haihe river basins.

resources

Metallurgical minerals

Dolomite: a small amount of dolomite is distributed in the east of Shanhua mountain, 300m from east to west, 2000m from north to south, and the recoverable thickness is 10-30m. Its physical properties meet the requirements of solvent, metal magnesium, handicraft and plate. The reserve is 6.81 million tons.

Molding sand and building material sand: mainly distributed in gangpo of Juqiao Town, peizhuang of Tunzi town and lifuying of dalaidian town. It belongs to lacustrine deposit. land

The outcrop is 3-5M, and the thickness of ore bed is more than 100m. Due to mining technology, groundwater depth and other factors, the mineable thickness is 20 meters, including 15 meters in peizhuang ore block and only 9 meters in lifuying ore block. Its chemical composition and physical properties such as humidity strength, flat compression strength and air permeability are suitable for foundry industry. The reserves are about 150 million tons.

Bentonite ore: distributed in Yuying, YuanHou, Sanjiao and Hetou of dalaidian Town, Tunzi town. It is a lacustrine deposit with thin caprock, easy to open-pit mining and mining thickness of 2-6m. According to the analysis of its physical properties, it belongs to calcium bentonite with good quality, which is widely used in oil drilling and casting turning. The reserves are 62.25 million tons.

building material

Cement rock ore: mainly distributed in Shanhua mountain, Baisi mountain, Tongshan mountain and Xiangshan area. The horizon is stable

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng He Bi Shi Xun Xian