Chabuchar Xibe Autonomous County, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Chabuchar Xibe Autonomous County Chabuchar Xibe Autonomous County is located in the west of the former Ili area plate of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. It is located in the south of Ili River and the north foot of Wusun mountain, a branch of Tianshan Mountain. It is across the river from Yining City, the capital of Ili Prefecture, and is adjacent to kedala city and Kazakhstan in the West. Chabuchar County, founded in 1954, is the only multi-ethnic Autonomous County with Xibo Nationality as the main body in China.

The Xibo Autonomous County of Chabuchar has beautiful scenery, including one mountain (baishifeng scenic spot of Wusun mountain), one water (Qingshuiwan scenic spot of Yili River), one side (border tourism at ports), one garden (Xibo folk custom garden) (national AAAA scenic spot), as well as Jingyuan temple, tugong temple, Wusun ancient tomb, hainuke ancient city, Yinding Temple site, etc.

By 2019, the county has jurisdiction over 13 townships. The 67th and 69th regiments of the fourth division of the Corps stationed in the county. The total area of the county is 4132 square kilometers. By the end of 2018, the total population of the county has reached 194000, including 165000 local population, 99000 male population and 95000 female population; 82000 urban population and 112000 rural population; 63000 Han population and 131000 minority population, which are composed of Xibe, Uygur, Kazak, Han, Hui, Mongolian and other 25 ethnic groups.

In October 2017, Chabuchar Xibe Autonomous County passed the national special assessment and inspection, and was officially approved by the people's Government of Xinjiang Autonomous Region to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county.

Historical evolution

In the second year of shenjue (60bc), Emperor Xuan of the Western Han Dynasty, it was included in the territory of the Han Dynasty.

In the 22nd year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty (1757 AD), after the Qing Dynasty pacified Junggar, Chabuchar was a desolate wilderness. Qianlong 27 years (AD 1762) are under the jurisdiction of Ningyuan city archimberg. In the 29th year of Qianlong (1764 AD), the Qing government dispatched more than 4000 Xibo soldiers and civilians from the northeast. With tubert as the leader, they moved westward from Taiping temple, Xibo family temple in Shengjing (Shenyang) to Yili and settled in Chabuchar to cultivate and defend the frontier. ——Background: during the period of Qing Dynasty's pacification of Junggar, four out of ten people died of pox (pox epidemic) in Junggar Mongolia, and two out of ten people fled to Russia and Kazakhstan. Some of them died in the war, and some of them were incorporated into the eight banners of Mongolia and scattered in several places. Only a few people stayed in the nearby areas. According to the book of Shengwu of Weiyuan in Qing Dynasty, after the pacification of Junggar: "thousands of miles There is no such thing as a felt tent "Xinjiang Chronicle (Part 1)" written by the people at that time in the western regions said that "thousands of miles are empty and there are no people.". It is an important policy to garrison the frontier. Moreover, after Qianlong's pacification of Junggar, general Yili was set as the highest military and political officer in Xinjiang. Now Yining City became the capital of Xinjiang, and reliable forces were needed to be placed nearby to protect the capital. The Qing government relied on Xibe people: in 1582, Nurhachi incorporated more than 50000 Xibe people into the Eight Banners army. In the later 36 years of war, Xibe people followed Nurhachi to unify the eight banners Fang forces have made great contributions.

In the fifth year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1866 AD), it was under the jurisdiction of the local separatist regime of "Yili taranqi Sudan Khanate". In 1871, it became a tsarist Russian colony and was under the jurisdiction of Qihe province.

In 1882, the Qing government took back Yili. In 1884, Xinjiang was established as a province, and Xibo camp was still under the control of general Yili. Guangxu 14 years (AD 1888) under the jurisdiction of Ningyuan county (now Yining County).

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), after the abolition of the Ili revolutionary interim government, Xibo camp was under the jurisdiction of the Ili frontier envoy. In 1932, it was under the jurisdiction of Gongliu county. In the 27th year of the Republic of China (January 14, 1938), Qiu zongjun, the Yili reclamation envoy, announced the abolition of Xibo camp (including four battalions) in Yili and the establishment of Henan establishment and Administration Bureau (named for its location on the South Bank of Yili). In the 29th year of the Republic of China (January 1, 1940), it was upgraded to a county, and Henan county was officially established. At the same time, hainuke and jiagastai were under the jurisdiction of Henan County, which was subordinate to the office of Ili administrative inspector. In 1943, Henan county was identified as a third class county. In the 33rd year of the Republic of China (May 4, 1944), Henan county was renamed Ningxi county because of its duplicate name with Henan Province.

On September 25, 1949, Xinjiang was peacefully liberated.

On June 11, 1950, sumur county was renamed Ningxi County, and the people's Government of Ningxi county was established, which was subordinate to Ili Commissioner's office. The county governs 4 districts and 21 townships. The first district office is located in hainuke and governs 4 townships: qieji Township, arewusitang Township, jiasitai Township, and jiasitai township; the second district office is located in suodun Prague and governs 5 townships: lingkeqikela, dunmaili, duolantu Township, Uygur Township, lingkeqikela, huojiltai, jiaidak Township, Kazakh Township, and tiesuodun Prague Township Uighur in erganmaili and qiongbola, Mongolian and Kazak in four townships, nulahongbulak and wuertan in five townships, wuzhuniulu in one Township, lingzhainiulu in two townships, huiminzhuang in two townships, yilaqi Niulu in three townships, lingduiqiulu in four townships, chabuchaertuobo in four townships New tobo, sunzhaqianiulu of five townships, ningguqiniulu of six townships, nadaqianiulu of seven townships, and zhakuqiniulu of eight townships; four district offices in ningguqiniulu, with jurisdiction over four townships: chaganbula and tiemanbula in one Township, qiaolepan in East River beach, qiaolepan in two townships, jiranbulak in four townships With Kazaks.

In 1951, Kan township was transferred from Yining County to Ningxi county. It is divided into five districts, and the district office is located in Kan Township, with jurisdiction over six townships: Kan township (including Kan and qigelekkan), chabuchaermazha township (including today's geremu and chabuchaermazha), kuowulate township (Kazakh people in today's wurileke village to the west of Kan), yarhus agaqi Township, kuohongqi Township, and aleban township (Kazakh people in today's suasu and almale villages) Family).

On March 17, 1954, with the approval of the State Council, Ningxi county was renamed "Chabuchar", and Chabuchar Xibe Autonomous County was established. The original three districts were divided into three and four districts, and the original four districts were divided into six and seven districts. The county governs 7 districts and 33 townships. The first district is located in hainuke, which governs qieji Township, arewusitang Township, hainuke Township, xiajiagastai Township, jiagastai Township and shangjiagastai township; the second district is located in sodun Prague, which governs keqikela Township, huojiltai Township, sodun Bulak Township, wukulqi Township and nulahongbulak township; the third district is located in yilaqi Niulu, which governs wuzhu Niulu Township, Laqi Niulu Township and duiqianiulu township; the fourth district is located in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region In nadaqiulu, it governs sunzhaqiulu Township, nadaqiulu Township, and zakuqiniulu township; in Kan Township, it governs Kan Township, Chabuchar Maza Township, kuowulat Township, yarhus agaqi Township, kuohongqi Township, and aleban township; in Ninggu qiniulu, it governs four pastoral townships: one township (Kazakh nationality dominated by kizitek and GALT tribes), and two townships Township (mainly Kazak of kuozybick, arjian, qiaeryite tribes), three townships (mainly Kazak of kurman, arjian tribes), four townships (mainly Kazak of Kirgiz and Alban nomadic tribes), Qinqi district is the pastoral area, which is located in Niulu, yilaqi, and governs five pastoral townships: one township (qiaji Department of jiranbulak and Jiyeke) There are two townships (Touhu and hototar ahmusal Kazakh), three townships (tangatar Kazakh in the north of sunzhaqi Niulu River Beach), and five townships (chajil, kuozibek Kazakh and Kirgiz in the north of sunzhaqi Niulu River Beach).

In 1958, the district and township system was abolished, the seven districts were adjusted and merged, and five people's communes were established. The commune Committee, production brigade and production team system of integrating government and society was implemented. Four districts and six districts were merged to establish rocket people's commune, which was stationed in nadaqiulu (moved to kuqiniulu in 1962), with jurisdiction of 10 brigades; three districts and seven districts were merged to establish Jinquan people's commune, which was stationed in yilaziulu, with jurisdiction of 5 brigades and 1 ranch; two districts established Tuanjie people's commune, which was stationed in sodun Prague, with jurisdiction of 4 brigades and 1 ranch; one district established Hongqi people's commune, which was stationed in jiagastai In the first district, hainuke established Dongguang people's commune in the Fifth District. In Kankan, hainuke governed six brigades and one pasture.

In 1959, the four groups of Tuanjie commune were assigned to dairy farms in Ili area, and the five-star group was separated out from rocket commune to establish urban commune.

In July 1960, the first and second brigades of Tuanjie commune were merged into the advancing brigades.

In 1962, Tuanjie commune dorantu and Jinquan commune were assigned to the 67th regiment of the fourth agricultural division, rocket commune's Qiyi and Liangxing commune and Langka ranch were assigned to the town commune, and hainuke and kuohongqi were separated from Dongguang commune to form hainuke commune.

In 1966, hainuke commune was renamed Xiangyang commune.

In 1967, the town commune was renamed Dongfanghong commune.

In 1978, rocket commune was renamed zakuqi Niulu commune.

In January 1981, the liangfanchang outpost group established nadaqi Niulu commune, and in March, the five-star group established Chabuchar town from Dongfanghong commune.

In May 1984, the people's commune was abolished and the grass-roots organizations of townships (towns) and villages were established. Chabuchar town governs 2 villagers' committees; Jinquan commune is renamed as aixinseli town and governs 4 villagers' committees; sunzhaqi Niulu is separated from urban commune into Township and governs 4 villagers' committees; nadaqi Niulu commune

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