Tonghai County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province

Tonghai County Tonghai County, subordinate to Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, is located on the lacustrine plain by Qilu Lake in the south central part of Yunnan Province, bordering Huaning County in the East, Eshan county and Hongta District in the west, Shiping County and Jianshui County in Honghe Prefecture in the south, and Jiangchuan County in the North, with a total area of 721 square kilometers.

Tonghai County's special geographical and natural conditions have made Tonghai famous for its rites and music, Xiujia Southern Yunnan and crown Nanzhou. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were more than 230 people, 44 Jinshi and 4 selected into the Imperial Academy. It has won the honorary titles of "provincial famous historical and cultural city", "national advanced county of cultural relics", "national advanced county of culture", "Chinese couplet culture county" and "hometown of Chinese poetry". On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle.

As of 2018, Tonghai County has two streets, four towns and three townships, with a permanent resident population of 311600, realizing a GDP of 1167136 million yuan. In terms of industries, the added value of the primary industry is 1.79418 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 4.5506 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 5.32712 billion yuan, the proportion of the tertiary industry is 15.4:39.0:45.6, and the per capita GDP reaches 37589 yuan. On December 6, 2019, it was selected as the pilot unit of promoting the quality improvement of farmers' cooperatives in the whole county.

Historical evolution

Tonghai County as early as the Neolithic age, there are ancestors living and reproducing in Qilu Lake.

In the Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao opened "Tonghai City Road", set up Tonghai Town, set up Tonghai Dudu, controlled Southern Yunnan, and enlightened Tonghai culture.

In the second year of Tianfu (937) of the later Jin Dynasty, Duan Siping, the governor of Tonghai, joined forces with 37 troops to destroy Yang ganzhen's Dayi Ning state and build Dali state. Tonghai belongs to the territory of Dali state.

In Song Dynasty, Dali state set up Xiushan County in southern Yunnan. Tonghai was the seat of county governance, which was a military and political important place in southern Yunnan.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Lin'an road was set up, and Tonghai was the location of road administration. In 1276, Tonghai County was established and Hexi Prefecture was set up. Later, Lin'an, Yuanjiang, Guangxi and other Marshal's offices of xuanweisi capital were set up in qutuoguan, the northern border of Hexi.

In the Ming Dynasty, Tonghai was set up as the imperial Garrison and garrison in Tonghai.

Qing Dynasty and Republic of China were counties.

In 1956, the former Tonghai County (peacefully liberated on December 13, 1949) and Hexi county (formally liberated on December 10, 1949) merged into Qilu county.

In 1958, Huaning County and Qilu County merged into Tonghai County.

In 1959, the original Huaning County was set aside from Tonghai County.

administrative division

By 2018, Tonghai County has jurisdiction over 2 streets, 4 towns and 3 townships. Tonghai County People's Government in Xiushan street.

geographical environment

Location context

Tonghai County is located in the South Central Yunnan Province and the east of Yuxi City, bordering Huaning County in the East, Eshan county and Hongta District in the west, Shiping County and Jianshui County in Honghe Prefecture in the south, and Jiangchuan County in the north. It is between 102 ° 30 ′ 25 ″ - 102 ° 52 ′ 53 ″ E and 23 ° 55 ′ 11 ″ - 24 ° 14 ′ 49 ″ n, with a maximum transverse distance of 39.97 km from east to west and 36.15 km from north to south, covering a total area of 721 square kilometers. It is 125 kilometers away from Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, and 47 kilometers away from Hongta District, the seat of Yuxi Municipal government.

topographic features

The landform of Tonghai County is composed of basin, middle mountain and valley. The terrain of the basin gradually decreases from southwest to northeast, with a slope of 3-10 degrees and an altitude of 1796-1820 meters. The terrain is mushroom shaped with wide east-west, sharp South and slightly convex north. The terrain is low in the South and high in the north. The highest altitude is 2443 meters in Luofeng mountain of Hexi Town, and the lowest is 1350 meters in maneck of GAODA township.

Climatic characteristics

Tonghai County is located in the subtropical semi humid plateau monsoon climate zone. Under the comprehensive influence of low latitude and high altitude geographical conditions, controlled by the monsoon climate, it has formed the characteristics of low latitude plateau monsoon climate with small temperature difference in four seasons, large temperature difference in morning and evening, distinct dry and wet seasons, rainy and hot seasons, and significant vertical differences. The average annual rainfall in the county is 898 mm, the average annual temperature is 15.7 ℃, and the annual sunshine time is 2273.8 hours.

natural resources

water resource

Tonghai County has 213 million cubic meters of water resources, including 159 million cubic meters of surface water runoff and 54 million cubic meters of groundwater runoff. Qilu Lake is the main water area of Tonghai County. It is located in the east side of Tonghai basin, with a drainage area of 370.5 square kilometers and a water area of 35.54 square kilometers. The rivers are divided into rivers in the lake basin, GAODA (Qujiang) River and its tributaries. The main rivers in the lake basin are Zhonghe River and Daxin river. Qujiang River and its tributaries include Qujiang River, Lunan River, Kunan River, Daqing River, xiaosanjia River, gaishuigou River and Qingshui River.

land resource

As of 2016, the forestry land area of Tonghai County is 42952.2 hectares, accounting for 57.99% of the total land area of the county, and the forest coverage rate of the county is 51.50%, of which the forest coverage rate is 48.87%, and the shrub coverage rate specially stipulated by the state is 2.63%. The afforestation rate of the whole county is 54.97%, including 48.87% of forest land, 6.06% of shrub forest, and 0.04% of the converted coverage of four side trees. The total volume of standing trees in the county is 2518200 cubic meters. Among them: arbor forest (including Arbor) volume 2511800 cubic meters, accounting for 99.75% of the total volume of living trees in the county; sparse forest volume 1310 cubic meters, accounting for 0.05%; scattered tree volume 1980 cubic meters, accounting for 0.08%; roadside tree volume 3110 cubic meters, accounting for 0.12%. The total area of forest (including woodland, open woodland and shrubbery) is 40792.0 hectares. According to the forest types, the area of protective forest is 25748.6 hectares, accounting for 63.13% of the existing forest area; the area of special forest is 511.4 hectares, accounting for 1.25%; the area of timber forest is 11879.4 hectares, accounting for 29.12%; the area of firewood forest is 407.3 hectares, accounting for 1.00%; the area of economic forest is 2245.3 hectares, accounting for 5.50%. The area of ecological public welfare forest land is 27957.6 hectares, accounting for 65.1% of the county's forest land area; the area of commercial forest land is 14985.8 hectares, accounting for 34.9% of the county's forest land area.

mineral resources

Tonghai County has found 20 kinds of minerals, including bituminous coal, peat, iron, manganese, copper, lead, zinc, pyrite, potassium shale, limestone for cement, sandstone for cement proportioning, mudstone for cement proportioning, marble for decoration, clay for brick and tile, shale for brick and tile, quartz sandstone for metallurgy, dolomite for building stone, limestone for building stone, sand for building stone, geothermal, etc . There are 80 kinds of deposits (spots), including 6 medium-sized deposits, 8 small deposits and 66 spots. According to the degree of exploration, 9 of them have reached the level of detailed exploration, accounting for 11.2% of the total; 55 of them have reached the level of general survey, accounting for 68.8% of the total; the remaining 16 are the level of pre survey, accounting for 20.0% of the total.

population

By the end of 2018, the permanent resident population of Tonghai County was 311600, an increase of 12000 over the previous year. Among them, the urban population was 166900, the urbanization rate was 53.57%, 1.16 percentage points higher than that of the previous year; the birth rate was 12.66 ‰, the death rate was 6.71 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 5.95 ‰, 0.1 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. At the end of the year, the registered residence population of the county was 104 thousand and 517, 290 thousand and 700, 1580 more than the previous year, 1212. Among the total population, the male population is 144007, accounting for 49.5% of the total population, the female population is 146693, accounting for 50.5%; the urban population is 118296, accounting for 40.7%; the rural population is 172404, accounting for 59.3%; and the minority population is 49734, accounting for 17.1%. Throughout the year, 3205 people were born in the county, with a birth rate of 10.56 ‰; 1909 people died in the year, with a death rate of 6.29 ‰; 1296 people grew naturally, with a natural growth rate of 4.27 ‰, 1.99 thousand points less than that of the same period last year. The number of "three skills" in the county was 46218, and the rate of "three skills" was 78.79%, 2.22 percentage points lower than that of the previous year. The county's family planning rate reached 97.35%, 0.06 percentage point lower than that of the previous year.

Economics

overview

In 2018, Tonghai County achieved a GDP of 11.67136 billion yuan, an increase of 7.6% over the previous year. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 1.79418 billion yuan, an increase of 6.4%; the added value of the secondary industry was 4.5506 billion yuan, an increase of 11.8%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 5.32712 billion yuan, an increase of 4.3%. The proportion of the three industries is 15.4:39.0:45.6. 1、 The contribution rates of secondary and tertiary industries to GDP growth were 12.3%, 62.1% and 25.5%, respectively, driving GDP growth by 0.9, 4.7 and 1.9 percentage points. The county's per capita GDP reached 37589 yuan, an increase of 1435 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 7.7%. The added value of non-public economy was 73478.6 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3% over the previous year, accounting for 63.0% of the county's GDP, an increase of 0.1 percentage point over the previous year.

Investment in fixed assets

In 2018, the investment in fixed assets of Tonghai County increased by 29.8% over the previous year, including industrial investment

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Yu Xi Shi Tong Hai Xian