Changchun City, Jilin Province

Changchun, referred to as "Chang" for short, was called Xidu and huanglongfu in ancient times, also known as "beiguochun city". It is the capital of Jilin Province, the vice provincial city, the core city of Changchun urban agglomeration, one of the central cities in Northeast China and an important industrial base approved by the State Council. As of 2020, the city has 7 districts, 1 counties and 3 county level cities, with a total area of 24662 square kilometers, 8 million 544 thousand registered residence households, 4 million 451 thousand urban residents, and 59% urbanization rate. The results of the second national land survey show that the total area of the city is 20604 square kilometers (excluding Gongzhuling City).

Changchun is located in Northeast China, the geographical center of Northeast China and the central city of Northeast Asian economic circle. It borders Songyuan City, Siping City, Jilin City and Harbin city respectively. It is a famous old industrial base in China and the earliest automobile industrial base and film production base in New China. It is known as "Oriental Detroit" and "Oriental Hollywood", and is also a rail passenger of new China The cradle of automobile, optoelectronic technology, applied chemistry, biological products and other industrial development has given birth to the famous China First Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Changchun rail Bus Co., Ltd., Changchun Film Studio, Changchun Institute of optics, precision mechanics and physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Changchun Institute of biological products.

Changchun is a national famous historical and cultural city, once the capital of the puppet Manchuria state, with many historical sites, industrial heritages and cultural relics. It is a concentrated witness of the complete process of political and military conflicts in Northeast Asia in modern times. It is also one of the four major garden cities in China, enjoying the reputation of "spring city of northern China" and ranking in the forefront of big cities in Asia in terms of greening rate. It is also a pilot city of "made in China 2025"“ The first batch of national pilot cities for urban design, ranked among the top 50 cities in the world and the top 10 cities in China in "2018 natural index - Research cities".

Historical evolution

ancient civilization

In ancient times, in the Paleolithic age 40000 years ago, the primitive human "Yushu man" appeared in Changchun. In the Neolithic age, primitive textile technology and primitive agriculture (zuojiashan site) appeared.

In Xia, Shang, Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Sushen people lived here.

From the Han Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of the state of Fuyu. It was the capital of the state of Fuyu since 346 ad.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Fuyu was merged by Koguryo, and some areas entered the city of Fuyu.

In Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Fuyu Prefecture of Bohai State and was an important border defense town of Bohai State.

In song, Liao and Jin Dynasties, in the early Northern Song Dynasty, Huanglong Prefecture was set up in Liao Dynasty, which belongs to Dongjing road. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the state of Jin was established and its capital was Huanglong mansion. In 1140, Huanglong mansion was changed to Jizhou. In 1189, jindading changed Jeju into Longzhou. In the second year of Jin Zhenyou's reign (1214), the Prefecture was upgraded to a mansion, which belonged to Shangjing road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Kaiyuan Road, the provincial capital of Liaoyang, was set up.

Ming Dynasty, Hongwu eight years (1375), under the jurisdiction of Liaodong Department 30000 Wei. In the first year of Yongle, it belonged to nuergandu division and also donghewei, named longan station. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, it belonged to wuliangha Sanwei. At the end of Ming Dynasty, it was a nomadic land of Horqin tribe in Mongolia.

Port opening in modern times

In the early Qing Dynasty, the imperial court set up a wicker border and implemented the policy of forbidding Northeast China, which belonged to the fiefdom of zasakefu, the former banner of Gorros. In the 56th year of Qianlong (1791), the land began to be developed in a large area, and the population increased sharply. In the fifth year of Jiaqing reign of the Qing Dynasty (in July 1800), Changchun hall was set up, and the director was appointed as the general of Jilin Province. Daoguang four years (1825), moved to kuanchengzi. Tongzhi four years (1865), digging trenches, building walls, Changchun City formation. In the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), the director general of Changchun Department was changed to the director general of Changchun Department, and the experience of rural security and separate prevention was added. In 1889, Changchun hall was upgraded to Changchun mansion. In the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), the military government system was changed into the provincial system in Northeast China, and Changchun Government was subordinate to Jilin Province.

In 1913, Changchun government changed its name to Changchun county and set up the county office. In 1925, Changchun municipal office was set up to implement municipal administration. On September 18, 1931, Japanese imperialism launched the September 18 Incident, and Changchun fell the next day. On March 9, 1932, Changchun, the capital of the puppet Manchuria state, was renamed "Xinjing"; in August, it was renamed "Xinjing special city" under the State Council of the puppet Manchuria state. On September 20, 1945, the Northeast Anti Japanese Federation of the Communist Party of China and the Red Army of the Soviet Union entered Changchun, and the puppet capital Changchun was restored; on December 20, the national government set up Changchun municipal government in Changchun, which was subordinate to Jilin Province.

modern city

On October 19, 1948, Changchun was peacefully liberated. On the 21st of the same month, Changchun City was renamed Changchun special city, which is subordinate to the Northeast administrative committee.

On March 11, 1949, Changchun special city was renamed back to Changchun City. On May 9 of the same year, Changchun municipal government was renamed Changchun Municipal People's government, subordinate to Jilin Province.

On August 1, 1953, Changchun was changed into a municipality directly under the central government, which was represented by the Northeast administrative committee.

On August 1, 1954, Changchun was changed into a city under the jurisdiction of Jilin Province. On September 27 of the same year, the people's Government of Jilin Province moved from Jilin city to Changchun City, and Changchun City became the capital of Jilin Province.

On February 22, 1955, Changchun Municipal People's government was renamed Changchun Municipal People's Committee.

In November 1958, the State Council approved that Shuangyang County, Jiutai County, Dehui County, Nong'an county and Yushu county were under the jurisdiction of Changchun City, which implemented the system of city governing county.

On March 6, 1968, Changchun Revolutionary Committee was established.

In 1979, it was listed as one of the 15 national economic centers.

On June 1, 1980, Changchun Revolutionary Committee was renamed Changchun Municipal People's government.

In 1988, the State Council approved the change from Jiutai county to Jiutai City (county level).

In February 1989, the state approved Changchun as a city separately listed in the state plan, giving it the provincial economic management authority.

On December 26, 1990, the State Council approved that Yushu county should be changed into Yushu City (county level).

In 1992, the State Planning Commission listed Changchun as a coastal open city, enjoying the same preferential policies as coastal open cities.

In July 1993, the State Council decided that provincial capitals would no longer implement separate planned cities; in December, Changchun stopped implementing separate planned cities.

On July 6, 1994, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved that Dehui county should be changed into Dehui City (county level).

On February 25, 1994, with the consent of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, Changchun became a vice provincial city.

In August 1995, Shuangyang county was abolished and Shuangyang District was established.

In 2005, kalunhu Town, Longjia town and Donghu town of Jiutai City were under the jurisdiction of Erdao District. Misha Town, Wanbao town and Helong town of Nongan County of Dehui City were under the jurisdiction of Kuancheng district. This adjustment expanded the urban area of Changchun City by 31.5%.

On June 29, 2005, the people's Government of Jilin Province decided to put the three villages of Fangzheng, paoziyan and Shengjia (Fanjiatun Economic Development Zone) in Fanjiatun town of Gongzhuling City under the jurisdiction of Changchun City to establish Changchun Automobile Industry Development Zone.

On October 20, 2014, the State Council approved the cancellation of Jiutai City (county level) and changed it into Jiutai district. On December 20 of the same year, Jiutai City was abolished and Jiutai district was established.

In December 2015, the CPC Jilin Provincial Committee and provincial government decided to grant Nongan county government the economic and social management authority of prefecture level cities.

In September 2015, the general office of Changchun Municipal People's government issued document Chang Fu [2015] No. 45, which put the administrative areas under the jurisdiction of kalunhu town and Donghu town back to Jiutai District, and in December of the same year, the town was removed and the streets were changed.

In July 2016, jiminxingpi [2016] No.2 document changed Longjia town from Erdao District to Jiutai district.

In June 2017, the State Council approved the urban master plan of Changchun (2011-2020) (revised in 2017) in principle.

On June 19, 2020, the State Council approved that Gongzhuling City (formerly managed by Siping City) should be entrusted to Changchun City.

administrative division

As of June 19, 2020, Changchun has jurisdiction over 7 districts (Nanguan District, Kuancheng District, Chaoyang District, Erdao District, Lvyuan District, Shuangyang District and Jiutai District), including 6 development zones: Changchun Economic and Technological Development Zone, Changchun Jingyue high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changchun new area, Changchun automobile economic and Technological Development Zone, Changchun Lianhuashan ecological tourism resort, and China South Korea (Changchun) International Cooperation Demonstration Zone ）It has 97 streets, 32 townships and 75 towns.

As of 2018, Changchun has a total area of 20593.53 square kilometers and a built-up urban area of 625.5 square kilometers.

As of June 19, 2020, Changchun has a total land area of 24662 square kilometers.

geographical environment

Location context

Changchun City China city is one belt, one road is located in the Songliao Plain of the Northeast China Plain, the northwest is adjacent to Songyuan, the southwest and Siping City are connected, southeast is in Jilin City, northeast is bordering Harbin city of Heilongjiang Province, it is the natural geographical center of Northeast China, the important node city of "north and south along the line", the node city of China Mongolia and Russia economic corridor, and the strategic hinterland of changjiltu open development area.

Changchun is located in 43 ° 05 '- 45 ° 15' n and 124 ° 18 '- 127 ° 05' e, and in the north temperate zone of the middle latitude of the northern hemisphere.

topographic features

The terrain of Changchun is relatively flat, which is the transition zone between the eastern mountainous area and the Western Songliao plain. With Fufeng town shanghewan line as the boundary, the southeast part belongs to hills and low mountains

Chinese PinYin : Ji Lin Sheng Zhang Chun Shi