Baoji City, Shaanxi Province

Baoji, known as Chencang and Yongcheng in ancient times, is the "hometown of Emperor Yan and hometown of bronzes". It is the sub central city of Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration and the sub central city of Guanzhong Tianshui Economic Zone. Located in the west of Guanzhong Plain, it has 4 districts and 8 counties, with a total area of 18100 square kilometers. By the end of 2019, the permanent resident population will be 3.761 million. Baoji has a long history. It is the site of Baoxue (Baoji school). It has a history of more than 2700 years. Four national treasures of the late Qing Dynasty, stone drums, he Zun and other cultural relics have been unearthed. There are Xifu Shehuo, Fengxiang woodcut New Year pictures, clay sculptures and other Chinese crafts.

Baoji is a national civilized city, an excellent tourism city, a national forest city, and a national ecological garden city. It has won the China living environment award as a city, a national health city, and a national model city of double support.

Baoji has Famen Temple, Taibai Mountain National Forest Park, Guanshan grassland, Zhonghua stone drum Garden (Baoji bronze Museum), Tongtianhe National Forest Park, Qianhu National Wetland Park and other famous scenic spots, as well as Xifeng wine, Qishan saozi noodles, Baoji rolled dough, Douhua paomo, Xifu ramen, vinegar powder and many other specialties or Xifu snacks.

Baoji has Baoji College of Arts and Sciences, Baoji vocational and technical college, Shaanxi electromechanical vocational and technical college, Baoji third vocational college and other colleges and universities.

In February 2018, the national development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of housing and urban rural development issued the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration development plan, which clearly proposed to actively build a national comprehensive transportation hub in Baoji to further enhance the comprehensive carrying capacity of Baoji and other important nodes. One belt, one road, is built by the city people's Congress. In April of the same year, Baoji development conference was held in Baoji.

Baoji is the birthplace of the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. In the 11th century BC, one of the ancestors of the Zhou Dynasty, Gu Gongfu led his people to move to Zhouyuan (now Qishan County, Baoji City) at the foot of Qishan mountain. "Gu Gong was demoted to the customs of Rong and Di, built a city, built a Guoshi house, and lived in a separate city as a five sense organ Secretary" (Shiji zhoubenji), which established the state organization in the early Zhou Dynasty. This is Qiyi, the earliest capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, more than 3200 years ago. Gu Gongyu's father was honored as the king by later generations. In the period of Jili and Wenwang after the death of gugongbi's father, Zhou's national power developed rapidly, conquering xiluoguirong, Shihu and Yitu successively. Many neighboring tribes and Fangguo also attached to Zhou, consolidating the rule of Zhou people in the middle reaches of Weishui River, laying a foundation for the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

In 770 B.C., the first year of King Ping of Zhou Dynasty (770 B.C.), the Duke of Xiang of Qin was appointed as a vassal and granted a place to the west of Qi with the help of fighting against foreigners and escorting King Ping to move eastward. From then on, the state of Qin was established.

In the fourth year of Wengong (762 BC), Qin established the national capital at the meeting of Qianwei River (now near Meixian County, Baoji City). The city built by Qin Wengong at the confluence of Qianwei river is called "Chencang" (the daijiawan area in Jintai District of Baoji City today, namely the ancient Chencang city site, is the beginning of the history of Baoji City Construction).

In the second year of emperor Xiangong of Qin Dynasty (714 BC), in order to prepare for the war, Qin general moved his capital from Qianwei to Pingyang (now dongyangping village, Chencang District, Baoji City), and built fenggong (historical records of Qin Dynasty) and Yuyang Palace (Hanshu Geography). In the 11th year of emperor Wugong of Qin Dynasty (689 BC), the central part of Gansu Province was in the west, and Huashan was in the East. The whole Guanzhong and Weihe River Basin were basically controlled by the state of Qin.

In 677 BC, Qin moved its capital to Yongcheng (now Fengxiang District of Baoji City). Since then, eighteen monarchs of the state of Qin took Yongcheng as their capital, which lasted 294 years.

During the reign of Duke mu of Qin (659-621 BC), "the land was opened for thousands of miles, so he dominated Xirong.". Qin from a backward vassal state, among the most advanced countries at that time, laid a solid foundation for the future eastward attack and extermination of the six countries.

After the first emperor of Qin unified China (221 BC), Baoji was a place of internal history.

The first year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (206 BC) belongs to Yong Dynasty. In the second year of Gaozu (205 BC), it was changed into Zhongdi county. In the ninth year of Gaozu (198 BC), it was changed to internal history. Emperor Jing belongs to younei history, which is still due to Emperor Wu's six years of Jianyuan (135 BC). In the first year of Taichu period (104 BC), it was renamed youfufeng, one of the three auxiliaries. Xiandi (189-220), Fufeng Duwei Province, home to Han'an county.

Cao Wei (220-265 years), for the Fufeng County.

In the reign of emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty (290-306), it was changed into the state of Qin.

During the reign of emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty (424-452), Qin Pingjun and Qizhou were established.

In the Western Wei Dynasty (535-556), qinping county was changed into Qiyang County.

In the early Sui Dynasty, Qizhou was established. During the Daye period of emperor Yang (605-618), Fufeng County was established.

Qizhou was established in the early Tang Dynasty. In the reign of Tianbao of Xuanzong (742-756), it was changed into Fufeng County. In the first year of suzong Zhide (756), it was changed into Fengxiang County, and soon it was changed into Fengxiang mansion. During the reign of emperor Daizong BAOYING (762-763), it belonged to guanneidao. The Five Dynasties belonged to Guanxi road.

In Song Dynasty, it belongs to Qinfeng road and is Fengxiang mansion.

Jin, set Tianxing army, belongs to Shaanxi West Road.

At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Fengxiang general office was established, and later it became a scattered office, which successively belonged to the provincial Office of xingzhongshu in Shaanxi Province and the Department of daosuzhenglian in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province.

In the Ming Dynasty, it was still Fengxiang's residence, attached to the Department of Shaanxi provincial governor, and belonged to Guanxi road.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it was still Fengxiang house along the old system; in the ninth year of Kangxi (1670), Guanxi road was cut off and divided into Xi'an Liangyan road; in the ninth year of Qianlong (1744), Liyi salt road was changed. To patrol Fenglin Road.

In February 1941, the office of the ninth district inspector general moved to Baoji.

Baoji City was established on July 16, 1949, with the urban and suburban areas of Baoji County as its administrative region. Baoji district is set up, which is located in Baoji City. It belongs to the government of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region, and has jurisdiction over Baoji City and eight counties, including Baoji, Longxian, Qianyang, Fengxiang, Qishan, Fengxian, Fufeng and Fuxian.

In November 1949, Guozhen District of Baoji City was assigned to Baoji County and caijiapo district to Qishan. Baoji has jurisdiction over Weibin, Jintai and other two districts and 10 counties.

In March 2003, Baoji County was abolished and Chencang District of Baoji City was established.

In January 2021, the State Council approved the abolition of Fengxiang County in Shaanxi Province and the establishment of Fengxiang District in Baoji City. So far, Baoji City has jurisdiction over 4 districts and 8 counties.

The origin of city name

(1) In the 14th year of Tang Tianbao (755), Fan Yang's Jiedu envoy, an Lushan, rebelled. When Yu Yanghe came, Xuanzong and his imperial concubine were washing the fat in the hot spring of Huaqing pool. The rebels broke through the barrier and entered Shaanxi, and made a direct attack on Chang'an. Xuanzong fled with his concubine Yang Yuhuan in a panic, and the soldiers mutinied at maweipo post. Xuanzong was forced to kill Yang Guozhong and hang her to death. Xuanzong and his party fled to Chencang, and the soldiers in Guanzhong fled one after another. Then the rebels came after. Xuanzong took only a few soldiers into the mountain. There is no way to climb over a mountain with steep rocks on all sides. At this time, the dust outside the mountain, the rebel horses neighing, Xuanzong rushed to the ground again, lost his voice and cried: "this is the end of life." All of a sudden, two pheasants flew in. After circling, they flew south. They followed Chencang to the top of the mountain and rested in the temple. The rebels are coming. All of a sudden, the hail kept pouring down and the rebels fled. It's strange to say that there are thunderstorms at the foot of the mountain, but the sky is clear on the mountain. They looked for the two pheasants and turned them into stone pheasants. When he left, Xuanzong blurted out: "Chencang is treasure land; shanniao is God chicken." Baoji was named after "Baodi Shenji" by Emperor Xuanzong. Since then, Chencang was renamed Baoji, and chencangshan was named Jifeng mountain.

(2) In the 19th year of emperor Wengong of Qin Dynasty (747 BC), a Chencang man hunted a monster that looked like a sheep and a pig and was ready to offer it to the king. But there were two children who advised him that it was impossible. As soon as he was born, he began to eat his mother's mouth and eat his mother's head. As soon as he heard this, Chen cangren hit him hard and tried to kill him. Suddenly, he said, "don't kill me. Let me go and catch these two children. They are the twins of the dragon and the Phoenix. They are all called Chen Bao When Chen cangren heard the speech, he thought it was supernatural, so he put down the gun and went to catch the child. One flew to Nanyang, Henan Province. After a thousand years, he was reborn as Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty. The other flew straight to the top of Chencang mountain and turned into a stone chicken. It was as big as a sheep and as smooth as jade. Chen cangren released the stone chicken. He felt his virtue and protected the stone chicken with grass. Since then, chencangshan has been densely forested and luxuriant in grass. Fortunately, thanks to the blessing of the stone chicken, the stone chicken has been quietly waiting for the golden age. In the second year of Zhide (757), chencangshan heard the crowing of the divine chicken again, which spread for more than ten miles. At that time, it was the critical moment of the an Shi rebellion. Xuanzong avoided chaos in Sichuan, and Prince Li Heng ascended the throne in Lingzhou ahead of time. He was known as suzong in history and was in charge of the rebellion. After hearing the crowing of the divine cock, the Tang army won day by day, and the rebels were in a slump. Suzong believed that the divine chicken was the treasure of the country, and the crowing of the chicken was an auspicious omen.

administrative division

As of January 2021, Baoji City has jurisdiction over 4 municipal districts and 8 counties, and the municipal government is located in Chencang Avenue administrative center of Jintai district.

geographical environment

Location context

Baoji is located at the junction of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Sichuan provinces (regions). It is located in the center of Xi'an, Lanzhou, Yinchuan and Chengdu, between 106 ° 18 ′ ~ 108 ° 03 ′ E and 33 ° 35 ′ ~ 35 ° 06 ′ n. Longhai railway, Baocheng railway and Baozhong railway meet here, which is the third big cross hub on the Eurasian Continental Bridge in China. It is adjacent to Xianyang and Yangling Demonstration Areas in the East, Hanzhong in the South and Tianshui and Pingliang in Gansu Province in the northwest. In the south of Qinling Mountains, the Weihe River flows in the middle, the west of Guanlong is blocked in the north, and the north of Weihe River is fertile plain. It is 156.6 kilometers long from east to west and 160.6 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 18117 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 3625 square kilometers.

topographic features

Baoji geological structure

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Bao Ji Shi