Sanya City, Hainan Province

Sanya is a prefecture level city in Hainan Province. It is called Yazhou in ancient times, or Lucheng in other words. It is located at the southernmost end of Hainan Island. Sanya is adjacent to Lingshui County in the East, Ledong County in the west, Baoting County in the north and Nanhai County in the south. It is between 18 ° 09 ′ 34 ″ ~ 18 ° 37 ′ 27 ″ N and 108 ° 56 ′ 30 ″ ~ 109 ° 48 ′ 28 ″ E. Sanya has a total land area of 1919.58 square kilometers and a total sea area of 6000 square kilometers. It is 91.6 kilometers long from east to west and 51 kilometers wide from north to south, and has four districts under its jurisdiction. In 2018, the city's 614647 registered residence population at the end of the year lived in more than 20 ethnic groups, including the Han, Li and Miao Nationalities.

Sanya is an international tourist city with tropical coastal scenery, also known as "Oriental Hawaii". On June 14, 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences released the Research Report on China's livable cities, and Sanya's livable index ranked third among 40 cities in China. In September 2016, Sanya was selected as one of the "top 100 prefecture level cities in China for people's livelihood development". In February 2017, Sanya was selected as one of the third batch of national low-carbon city pilot projects. Sanya is also one of the top 200 charming cities with Chinese characteristics and the top 200 charming cities with world characteristics. In 2017, China's prefecture level cities ranked 50th in the overall well-off index. In December 2018, it was selected as the 15th best tourist destination city in China in 2018. On December 13, 2018, it was selected into the list of agricultural products advantage areas with Chinese characteristics. Sanya is a pilot city of "no waste city" construction. On October 23, 2019, it was identified as "the third batch of demonstration cities for urban black and odorous water treatment". From the end of November to the beginning of December 2020, the Sixth Asian Beach Games will be held in Sanya City, Hainan Province.

In 2020, Sanya will achieve a GDP of 69.541 billion yuan, which is 3.1% higher than that in 2019 at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 7.916 billion yuan, an increase of 2.2%; the added value of the secondary industry was 11.330 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 50.295 billion yuan, an increase of 3.2%. The three industrial structure adjustments are 11.4:16.3:72.3.

"Sanya" is named "Sanya" because Sanya River < I > (ancient name linchuanshui) < / I > the East and West rivers of Sanya meet here, forming the shape of "Ya". Sanya has a long history. There are records of "Sanya village" and "Sanya Li" in Zhengde Qiongtai annals of Ming Dynasty.

According to archaeological materials, human activities began on Hainan Island 10000 years ago at the latest. In the pre Qin period, Sanya belonged to Luoyue.

Yazhou is one of the three southern counties set up during the first emperor of Qin Dynasty.

The first year of Yuanfeng in the Western Han Dynasty (110 BC) is in the Chinese territory.

In 610, the imperial court established Linzhen County on the basis of Linzhen county.

In the fifth year of Wude (622), Linzhen county was changed to Zhenzhou, and Linchuan county was added; in the second year of Zhenguan (628), part of Yande county was added to Jiyang County. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Zhenzhou was changed into yandejun. In the first year of Zhide (756), it was renamed Ningyuan county. The name of Zhenzhou was restored in the first year of Qianyuan (758).

During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Zhenzhou still had its organizational system, but its ownership was reduced. Only Ningyuan and Jiyang counties remained.

In the fifth year of Kaibao (972), Zhenzhou was changed to Yazhou; in the sixth year of Xining (1073), Yazhou was changed to zhuya army; in the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117), zhuya army was changed to Jiyang army.

In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), Jiyang army was changed into Yazhou; in the fourth year of Zhengtong (1439), Ningyuan county was abolished, and its administrative region was directly incorporated into Yazhou. From then on, Yazhou was a scattered state.

The Qing Dynasty was built along the Ming Dynasty. In 1905, Shengya Prefecture became Zhili Prefecture, leading four counties of Wan'an, Lingshui, Changhua and Thanksgiving.

In 1912, Yazhou was abolished and renamed Yaxian.

In the 8 years of the Republic of China (1919), the Guangdong provincial government announced that Paracel Islands should be included in the county administrative region.

From 1949 to 1950, it was the Yuya special zone.

In April 1950, Ya county was liberated and the county people's government was established.

In October 1954, the CPC Ya county Party committee, county government and directly subordinate organs moved from Yacheng to Sanya.

In 1958, it merged with Baoting, Lingshui and Xinglong Niulou areas in Wanning to form Ya county (big county). In 1959 and 1961, it separated and established Baoting and Lingshui counties. Ya county retains its current jurisdiction.

In May 1961, it was changed into Sanya town.

In November 1962, Sanya town and Sanya commune merged.

In June 1964, the organizational system of Sanya town was restored.

On May 19, 1984, with the approval of the State Council, Ya county was abolished and Sanya City (county level) was established. In November, Sanya town was abolished and the Hedong and Hexi sub district offices were set up.

On September 26, 1987, the State Council approved the upgrading of Sanya to a prefecture level city. On December 30, Sanya prefecture level city was officially established and listed for office.

In May 1988, Hedong and Hexi administrative areas were established.

On February 11, 2014, the State Council approved the removal of six towns and the establishment of four new districts in Sanya, namely Jiyang District, Tianya District, Haitang district and Yazhou district.

On January 2, 2015, Tianya District, Haitang District, Jiyang district and Yazhou District, the four newly established districts of Sanya City, were officially established. From June 1, Sanya City can exercise local legislative power and formulate local laws and regulations.

administrative division

Division evolution

On February 11, 2014, the State Council approved the withdrawal of six towns and the establishment of four new districts in Sanya City, namely Jiyang district (abolishing the original Hedong management area, Jiyang town and Yalongwan Management Committee), Tianya district (abolishing the original Hexi management area, Fenghuang Town, Tianya Town, Sanya Bay Management Committee and Yucai town), Haitang district (abolishing the original Haitangwan town and Haitangwan Management Committee) and Yazhou district (abolishing the original Yacheng town).

On September 30, 2014, Yucai town was abolished, and the CPC Sanya Yucai Ecological District Working Committee and Sanya Yucai ecological district management committee were established within the administrative division of the original Yucai town.

On January 2, 2015, Yazhou District, Tianya District, Jiyang district and Haitang District of Sanya City, Hainan Province were officially established.

Zoning details

Sanya has four municipal districts, namely Haitang District, Jiyang District, Tianya district and Yazhou district. Sanya Municipal People's government is located at 257 Xinfeng street, Jiyang district.

geographical environment

Location context

Sanya City is located in the southernmost part of Hainan Island, and its geographical coordinates are between 18 ° 09 ′ 34 ″ ~ 18 ° 37 ′ 27 ″ N and 108 ° 56 ′ 30 ″ ~ 109 ° 48 ′ 28 ″ E. It is adjacent to Lingshui County in the East, Baoting County in the north, Ledong County in the West and Nanhai County in the south. The total area is 1919.58 square kilometers.

Traffic environment

topographic features

Sanya is close to mountains in the north and the sea in the south. The terrain gradually inclines from north to south, forming a long and narrow polygon. Its coastline is 258.65 kilometers long, with 19 harbors. The main ports are Sanya port, Yulin port, Nanshan port, tielu port, liudao port, etc. The main bays are Sanya Bay, Haitang Bay, Yalong Bay, Yazhou Bay, Dadong Bay, Yueliang Bay, etc. There are 40 large and small islands and 10 main islands.

Sanya has 2 million square kilometers of the South China Sea, 209 kilometers of coastline, 5000 square kilometers of sea area and 1919.6 square kilometers of land.

Sanya City is surrounded by mountains on three sides, baopoling in the north, huidaling, hubaoling and Gaoling (gouling) with an altitude of 393 meters in the East, and nanbianling in the south, forming a trend of encircling. The mountains are continuous and undulating with distinct layers. At the same time, the extension of the mountains divides the city into several spaces surrounded by green mountains, providing different spatial landscape environments for different areas of the city. Sanya is facing the South China Sea, with many bays and beautiful scenery. Dadonghai, xiaodonghai and Sanya Bay, which are located in the urban area, are most closely related to the life of the people.

climate

Sanya is located in the low latitude and belongs to the tropical marine monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of 25.7 ° C. the highest temperature month is June, with an average of 28.7 ° C; the lowest temperature month is January, with an average of 21.4 ° C. The annual sunshine duration is 2534 hours. The annual average precipitation is 1347.5mm.

hydrology

There are 12 small and medium-sized rivers in Sanya City. Ningyuan River and Tengqiao River have a rainfall collection area of more than 500 square kilometers; Sanya River, damaoshui River and Longjiang River have a rainfall collection area of more than 100 square kilometers; Jiuqu River, liudao River, Shaoqi River, Wenchang River, donggouxi River and Maopeng River have a rainfall collection area of less than 100 square kilometers. According to the distribution of water resources in Sanya City, it can be divided into three water systems: Central, Eastern and western.

The central water system is mainly Sanya River, including damaoshui. Four medium-sized reservoirs have been built, namely, Tangta reservoir, Fuwan reservoir, Banling reservoir and shuiyuanchi reservoir. Fuwan, water source pool and Banling reservoir are the urban water sources in the central water system. The East water system is dominated by Tengqiao River, including West River and East River. The drainage area is 705.46 square kilometers, and the Chitian reservoir has been built in the lower reaches of the West River of Tengqiao. Ningyuan river is the main water system in the west, with a drainage area of 1093 square kilometers, ranking first in Sanya and fourth in Hainan. Dalong Reservoir, with a total capacity of 427 million cubic meters, is being built at the transition from mountainous area to plain. Sanya has a total annual runoff of 1.15 billion cubic meters of surface water and a dynamic groundwater reserve of 142 million cubic meters. It is rich in geothermal resources: the first spring of Nantian Shenzhou, Fenghuang mountain villa, Banling hot spring, Yacheng Yujing hot spring, etc. In addition, there is a hot spring in linwangluogutian.

natural resources

water resource

Surface water resources in Sanya City for many years

Chinese PinYin : Hai Nan Sheng San Ya Shi